Microbiology

Question 1

what is the microbiology word for clusters?

Answer 1

staph

Question 2

what is the microbiology word for chains?

Answer 2

strep

Question 3

what is the microbiology word for round (ball-like)?

Answer 3

cocci

Question 4

streptococci can be broken down into 3. name them.

Answer 4

1. alpha haemolytic
2. beta haemolytic
3. non haemolytic

Question 5

staphylococci can be broken into 2, name them.

Answer 5

1. coagulase positive

2. coagulase negative

Question 6

beta haemolytic streptococci can be subdivided into 3. what are they? what do the first 2 cause?

Answer 6

Group A - throat and skin infection

Group B - neonatal meningitis

Group C -

Question 7

name the 2 strains of alpha haemolytic streptococci and outline what whey cause.

Answer 7

strep. pneumonia - pneumonia

strep. viridans - endocarditis

Question 8

name the non-haemolytic streptococci and what is causes

Answer 8

enterococcus sp. - gut commensal and UTI

Question 9

name the coagulase positive staphylococci and what it causes.

Answer 9

staph. aureus - skin and wound infections

Question 10

name the coagulase negative staphylococci

Answer 10

staph. epidermis

Question 11

what is the antibiotic of choice for staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 11

flucloxacillin
flucloxacillin
flucloxacillin

Question 12

name some toxins that some staph. aureus strains produce

Answer 12

enterotoxin
SSSST
PVL

Question 13

what are the MRSA treatment options?

Answer 13

doxycycline
co-trimoxazole
clindamycin
vancomycin

NOT flucloxacillin

Question 14

staphylococcus epidermis is not usually __________ but can cause infection in association with __________ ___________

Answer 14

staphylococcus epidermis is not usually PATHOGENIC but can cause infection in association with ARTIFICIAL PROSTHETICS.

Question 15

match the following:

beta haemolytic
gamma haemolytic
alpha haemolytic

with

complete haemolysis
partial haemolysis
non haemolysis

Answer 15

beta haemolytic and
complete haemolysis (yellow)

gamma haemolytic and no haemolysis (white)

alpha haemolytic and partial haemolysis (green)

Question 16

name the bug that is a Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci that causes infected eczema, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis etc.

Answer 16

Strep. Pyogenes

Question 17

necrotising fasciitis is life __________ and requires surgical ___________ as well as ___________

Answer 17

necrotising fasciitis is life THREATENING and requires surgical DEBRIDEMENT as well as ANTIBIOTICS

Question 18

name the 2 types of necrotising fasciitis and what they are caused by.

Answer 18

Type I - mixed anaerobes and coliforms, post surgery

Type II - Group A strep infection

Question 19

what does tinea (latin) mean in english?

Answer 19

ringworm

Question 20

dermatophyte infections are most likely to affect which sex?

Answer 20

male

Question 21

what is the most common source of dermatophyte infection?

Answer 21

other humans!

Question 22

name the most common causal dermatophyte organism

Answer 22

trichophyton rubrum

Question 23

how do you diagnose dermatophyte infections?

Answer 23

clinical appearance, woods light and skin scrapings

Question 24

what cream do you use to treat dermatophyte infections?

Answer 24

clotrimazole (canastan) cream

Question 25

candida causes infection where? treatment?

Answer 25

skin folds - where it is warm and moist

clotrimazole cream

Question 26

where do scabies commonly affect?

Answer 26

finger webs, wrists and genital area

Question 27

what is the treatment for scabies?

Answer 27

malathion lotion
benzyl benzoate (avoid in children)

Question 28

name the 2 types of bugs: gram ________ and ________.

Answer 28

positive and negative

Question 29

what does pediculosis mean in English?

Answer 29

lice

Question 30

what is the treatment for lice?

Answer 30

malathion