Microbiology Flashcards
what is the microbiology word for clusters?
staph
what is the microbiology word for chains?
strep
what is the microbiology word for round (ball-like)?
cocci
streptococci can be broken down into 3. name them.
- alpha haemolytic
- beta haemolytic
- non haemolytic
staphylococci can be broken into 2, name them.
- coagulase positive
2. coagulase negative
beta haemolytic streptococci can be subdivided into 3. what are they? what do the first 2 cause?
Group A - throat and skin infection
Group B - neonatal meningitis
Group C -
name the 2 strains of alpha haemolytic streptococci and outline what whey cause.
strep. pneumonia - pneumonia
strep. viridans - endocarditis
name the non-haemolytic streptococci and what is causes
enterococcus sp. - gut commensal and UTI
name the coagulase positive staphylococci and what it causes.
staph. aureus - skin and wound infections
name the coagulase negative staphylococci
staph. epidermis
what is the antibiotic of choice for staphylococcus aureus?
flucloxacillin
flucloxacillin
flucloxacillin
name some toxins that some staph. aureus strains produce
enterotoxin
SSSST
PVL
what are the MRSA treatment options?
doxycycline
co-trimoxazole
clindamycin
vancomycin
NOT flucloxacillin
staphylococcus epidermis is not usually __________ but can cause infection in association with __________ ___________
staphylococcus epidermis is not usually PATHOGENIC but can cause infection in association with ARTIFICIAL PROSTHETICS.
match the following:
beta haemolytic
gamma haemolytic
alpha haemolytic
with
complete haemolysis
partial haemolysis
non haemolysis
beta haemolytic and complete haemolysis (yellow)
gamma haemolytic and no haemolysis (white)
alpha haemolytic and partial haemolysis (green)
name the bug that is a Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci that causes infected eczema, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotising fasciitis etc.
Strep. Pyogenes
necrotising fasciitis is life __________ and requires surgical ___________ as well as ___________
necrotising fasciitis is life THREATENING and requires surgical DEBRIDEMENT as well as ANTIBIOTICS
name the 2 types of necrotising fasciitis and what they are caused by.
Type I - mixed anaerobes and coliforms, post surgery
Type II - Group A strep infection
what does tinea (latin) mean in english?
ringworm
dermatophyte infections are most likely to affect which sex?
male
what is the most common source of dermatophyte infection?
other humans!
name the most common causal dermatophyte organism
trichophyton rubrum
how do you diagnose dermatophyte infections?
clinical appearance, woods light and skin scrapings
what cream do you use to treat dermatophyte infections?
clotrimazole (canastan) cream
candida causes infection where? treatment?
skin folds - where it is warm and moist
clotrimazole cream
where do scabies commonly affect?
finger webs, wrists and genital area
what is the treatment for scabies?
malathion lotion benzyl benzoate (avoid in children)
name the 2 types of bugs: gram ________ and ________.
positive and negative
what does pediculosis mean in English?
lice
what is the treatment for lice?
malathion
