Therapeutic Orientations Flashcards
WEEK 21
Psychoanalytic Therapy
Aims to focus on revealing unconscious thoughts, emotions and motivations that are the root of mental conflict
Insight
Biggest goal of psychoanalysis
Id
Pleasure centre of the mind. Animal like impulses and urges. Follows the pleasure principle
Ego
Concerned with making decisions and rational thinking. Follows reality principle.
Superego
Last personality structure to develop. Concerned with moral principles
Free association
Giving words to thought that enter consciousness
Transference
Transfer feelings to the therapist
Countertransference
Therapist feelings displaced onto client
Psychodynamic Therapy
Clients seen few times a week and focus on current life rather than childhood
Interpersonal Therapy
Focuses on the clients interpersonal relationships and helps them acquire new and healthier interpersonal skills
Systematic Desensitization
Gradual exposure to fearful stimulus along with relaxation techniques (uses a fear hierarchy)
Flooding
Full exposure with no possibility of harm - maintained until panic subsides
Interoceptive Exposure
Inducing somatic symptoms (eg. running until rapid heart rate and out of breath) and then use relaxation techniques to calm the body
Person - Centered Therapy
Carl Rogers - Focuses on thoughts and feelings of the client. Uses active listening, positive body language, reflection, paraphrasing, open - ended questioning, and genuine empathy and affirmations
Client - Centered Therapy
Relationship fostered between therapist and client. Therapist shows client that they have unconditional positive regard for them. Also models empathy
Cognitive Restructuring
Views mental distress as the result of maladaptive thought processes and seeks to change these processes to something mor epositive for the individual. Requires identifying and changing maladaptive thoughts
Automatic Thoughts
Occur spontaneously in response to a trigger that are outside ones conscious awareness
Cognitive - Behavioural Therapies (CBT)
Emerged in last two decades. Centred on the concepts of mindfulness and acceptance (turning “I am failure” –> “That was a hard program to get into too”)
Mindfulness Based - Stress Reduction (MBSR)
Focus on the moment. Non - judgemental of our own thoughts
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
Mindfulness at its base. Teaches clients to be aware of their thoughts and feelings and accept them.
Dialectal Behaviour Therapy (DBT)
Developed for BPD. Uses techniques from cognitive, behavioural, psychodynamic, and humanistic fields. Teaches adaptive thinking, traces roots of the disorder, helps clients tolerate negative feelings and emotions
