Social Psychology

Question 1

Social Psychology

Answer 1

Study of social interactions, including how the thoughts, feelings and behaviours of an individual are affected by the presence of others

Question 2

Social Cognition

Answer 2

The study of our thoughts about our social world

Question 3

Social Neuroscience

Answer 3

How our brain is influenced by and influences social behaviour

Question 4

Social Situation

Answer 4

People we are interacting with on a daily bias

Question 5

Social Influence

Answer 5

When our thoughts and behaviour can change based on the influence of others

Question 6

Attitudes/Attitude Object

Answer 6

Evaluation of a person, place or thing that has a positive or negative component towards it

Question 7

Three Main Components of an Attitude

Answer 7

Affect - how does this object make you feel
Behaviour - how does this object make you behave
Cognition - how does this object change your thoughts

Question 8

Attitude Consistency

Answer 8

Present when there is a strong relationship between cognitions, affects, and behaviour (eg. I love the planet so I recycle)

Question 9

Persuasion

Answer 9

Changing attitudes. Involves the persuader and the message

Question 10

Persuader

Answer 10

Delivers the message

Question 11

Message

Answer 11

Presenting two sides of an issue t be less biased.

Question 12

Door in the Face Technique

Answer 12

Appeals to principle of reciprocity (Q. Can I have $10k? A. No; Q. Can I have $10? A. Yes)

Question 13

Elaboration Likelihood Model

Answer 13

Explains attitudes and how to change them. Message is either processed in central (thoughtful) or peripheral (spontaneous) route

Question 14

Central Processing

Answer 14

Audience examines the message and finds the arguments compelling - leads to long lasting attitude change

Question 15

Peripheral Processing

Answer 15

Audience member does not examine the message but is persuaded by the speakers attractiveness, emotional appeal, or other factors

Question 16

Route of Procesing

Answer 16

1. Motivation - relevance of the message, importance of the issue
2. Ability - see beyond emotions, use cognition
3. Opportunity - Time, access to all facts and information

Question 17

Subliminal Advertising

Answer 17

Uses stimuli below the threshold of our conscious perception

Question 18

Effective Advertising

Answer 18

Good mood/ humor can grab our attention and links. our mood with the product

Question 19

Forewarning

Answer 19

Tells the individual that a persuasive message is coming

Question 20

Inoculation

Answer 20

Mildly attacking the attitude which builds up defenses and reinforces it

Question 21

Psychological Reactance

Answer 21

Make the attitude and behaviour even stronger (eg. photos on cigarette packs can create reactance and reduce the effectiveness of the warning)

Question 22

Social Identity Theory

Answer 22

The portion of our self - concept that comes from membership within a social group

Question 23

Sociometer Theory

Answer 23

Suggests that our self - esteem measures our acceptance or inclusion in a group

Question 24

Social Facilitation

Answer 24

Where an individual performance is improved by the presence of a group

Question 25

Social Interference

Answer 25

When the presence of a group impedes performance and one does worse on a task

Question 26

Social Loafing

Answer 26

When in a group individuals give less than their expected effort because they believe others will pick up the slack

Question 27

Group Polarization

Answer 27

Occurs when the presence of a group leads to people developing more extreme opinions than when they first started

Question 28

Groupthink

Answer 28

When a group tends towards the same opinion in order to preserve harmony and unity

Question 29

Common Knowledge Effect

Answer 29

When groups spend more time discussing shared information than examining information only few members know. Limits the spread of new ideas

Question 30

Prejudice

Answer 30

Negative thought or idea that you have towards an individual or group

Question 31

Sterotype

Answer 31

Generalization of group of people. Tends to be negative. Can be neutral or positive

Question 32

Discrimination

Answer 32

Treating people differently based on their grup memberships

Question 33

Implicit Association Test (IAT)

Answer 33

People react quickly when they believe that two words are associated

Question 34

Blatant Biases

Answer 34

Openly hostile feelings - opposed to subtle biases

Question 35

Social Identity Theory

Answer 35

Tendency to favour in groups over out groups

Question 36

Social Categroization Theory

Answer 36

Categorize ourselves - similar to categorizing animals or food

Question 37

Social Dominance Orientation

Answer 37

A belief that group hierarchies are natural and inevitable

Question 38

Right - Wing Authoritarianism

Answer 38

Willingness to submit to authorities; hostile towards people who do not adhere to social norms

Question 39

Aversive Racism

Answer 39

Negative evaluations of minorities are realized through more complex interactions than over hatred seen with overt racism

Question 40

Stereotype Content Model

Answer 40

All group stereotypes fall along two dimensions, warmth and competence.