Therapeutic Massage - Class 1 Flashcards
types therapeutic massage
superficial fluid techniques
neuromuscular techniques
connective tissue techniques
superficial fluid techniques engage the
skin
superficial fascia
subcutaneous fat
superficial fluid techniques strokes produce
mechanical effects on superficial lymphatics and possibly venous circulation
2 types of superficial fluid techniques
superficial lymph drainage
effleurage strokes
effleurage
to slide, glide over the skin w/ smooth continuous motion
many purposes of effleurage
introduces touch
helps to survey the area
warms up tissue
spreads medium
decreases spasm
begins to increase relaxation
facilitates circulation by moving superficial
increases mobilization of superficial soft tissues
gives us a moment to think
types of effleurage
bilateral tree
shingling
horizontal stroke
three count stroke of trapezius
clearing stroke
general rules of effleurage (1)
use lubricant
hands must be soft and relaxed
your hands point int the general direction of the stroke
keeps wrists neutral
strokes are slow
how is pressure given –> effleurage
towards the axillary or inguinal lymph nodes
how should we start effleurage strokes
superficially
w/ each rep move progressively deeper
what should we do for small body parts –> effleurage
use our fingers
what should we do for larger body parts –> effleurage
use the whole hand
neuromuscular techniques
affect contractile element of muscle
hydrate connective tissues
may produce reflex effects
what do neuromuscular techniques do
send a signal to the brain
then sends signal to the brain
tell the muscle to relax
types of neuromuscular techniques
stripping
petrissage
compressions
stripping can also be called
knuckling
raking
what is stripping
a slow, specific, gliding technique
where is stripping performed
from one attachment of a muscle to the other
what does stripping do
decrease myofascial trigger points
when is stripping preferred
when trigger points are located near the center of a muscle
what is stripping used to do
reduce the activity, pain and other sxs of trigger points
to help restore the length and strength of a muscle
broad contact compression
non gliding technique
broad contact compression uses
broad surface to engage the pt’s muscle
what is broad contact compression used to assess
the quality and tension in larger muscles
what is broad contact compression used to affect
circulation
lymph return
muscle resting tension
rib cage mobility
what can we use to assist in breathing relaxation –> broad contact compression
breathing
specific contact compression
pressure is applied at specific locations in muscles
trigger points
how can specific contact compression be done
statically or making small circles
aka circular friction
other manual therapies that utilize specific contact compression
reflexology
acupressure
what can we used with specific contact therapy to assist with mm relaxation
breathing
petrissage
lifting, wringing, squeezing soft tissues in a kneading motion
petrissage is
rolling/pressing tissues under or b/w the hands
petrissage may decrease
anxiety
stress
level of mm resting tension
motor neuron excitability
petrissage may increase
relaxation
how can petrissage decrease edema
when performed proximal to edematous site
what might petrissage improve
joint ROM
by decrease mm resting tension and decreasing edema
what should we observe when performing NM techniques
reduction of muscle resting tension
change in the consistency of the muscle tone
visibly well-defined anatomic muscle form
hyperemia
decreased fluid form edematous tissue or changes in tissue contour
what do we have to keep an eye on –> NM techniques
can we perform the stroke at a deeper lvl w/o increased pain or increased force
connective tissue techniques
palpate
lengthen
help to remodel connective tissue
what is CTM
manipulative technique
facilitates the dx and tx of a wide range of pathologies
what could have a beneficial effect upon tissues further away from the area of tx –> CTM
observation and subsequent manipulation of the skin and subcutaneous tissues
types of CTM
skin rolling
friction
myofascial release
direct/indirect techniques
skin rolling is used to
identify and treat areas of restriction or abnormal cross linking of fascia or connective tissue
what does skin rolling help do
release muscle knots or adhesions so that the skin can flow effectively over the body
friction
deeper, level specific massage technique
what is friction used for
increase circulation
release tight areas of CT
types of friction
circulation friction
transverse friction
cross friction
circulation friction
small circles
going deeper as more superficial tissues release
transverse friction
short strokes across muscular fibers
cross friction
used over ligaments, tendons where injury or mm inflammation has occurred
great for “itis” (like tendonitis)
types of cross friction
supraspinatus/rotator cuff tendonitis
achilles tendonitis/post ankle sprains
tennis elbow/golfers elbow
how long is cross friction done
10-15 min
or
3-5 even
what does cross friction do
realigns fibers
type of cross friction
cyriax technique
cyriax approach
focuses on the tx of soft tissue lesions around the body
cyriax approach treats
any condition affecting the tendons, ligaments, muscles and bursa
along the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spines of the body
how must proper location be found –> cyriax
through palpation and evaluation of specific tendon, ligs or muscle
friction is given across –> cyriax
affected fibers
therapists fingers and pt’s skin –> cyriax
move as one
friction massage must have –> cyriax
sufficient sweep and be deep enough
pt must be in a –> cyriax
comfortable position
frequency and duration of tx –> cyriax
varies w/ severity and type of injury
can last up to 10-15 min
direct technique
force is applied in the direction of the restriction
direct technique is usually
attempted first
when is direct technique used
for less reactive
more chronic
fascial restrictions
indirect technique
force is applied in direction opposite the restriction
when is indirect technique used
more acute
reactive
fascial restrictions
