Theories of Memory Flashcards
What is memory?
Learning that persists over time
WHat is a model?
A testable theory
What models of memory do we study?
Dual store (modal) model (components) Depth of processing model (processing) Connectionist models (computational modelling)
WHat are the 3 sensory stores?
Visual
Auditory
Haptic
What are the control processes involved in STS (short term store)?
rehearsal
coding
decision
retrieval strategies
What are the 3 different storage systems?
Sensory store (retained only for seconds)
SHort-term store (STM-fast retrieval- rapid forgetting)
Long-term store (LTM- large capacity- slow retrieval)
How many items are usually stored in the short term memory?
7 +/-2
When distracted how many items are held in the STM?
about 4
What are the characteristics of SMT?
limited capacity
acoustic encoding (phonological information = stored)
sensitivity to distraction (eg. suffixes, background noises especially speech)
Because of atkinson studies it is thought that STM is only a way to_______ information in LTM
encode
What is maintenance rehearsal?
incidental processing/ phonemic processing
passive repetition of information
shallow
What is elaborate rehearsal?
semantic (meaning) processing
analysis and comprehension
deep
Elaboration important for ______, whereas distinctiveness helps with ______
encoding
retrieval
What are the 2 types of rehersals in depth processing?
maintenance
elaborate
Transfer appropriate processing ?
same cognitive operations in encoding and retrieval
