Forgetting & Individual Differences

Question 1

WHy do we forget?

Answer 1

emotional factors
cognitive factors
biological factors

Question 2

What cognitive factors cause you to forget?

Answer 2

shallow processing when encoding
decay, interference or poor organisation of storage
retrieval failure

Question 3

What biological factors cause you to forget?

Answer 3

ageing
disease
trauma

Question 4

Proactive interference =

Answer 4

previously learnt material interferes with new material

Question 5

Retroactive interference =

Answer 5

new material interferes with previously learned material

Question 6

Everyday examples of retrieval failure

Answer 6

Tip of the tongue effect

Mind blanks

Question 7

How is memory stereotyped according to age?

Answer 7

memory failure:
old (less ability)
or
lazy (young)

Question 8

Alzheimer’s diesease

Answer 8

A progressive form of dementia characterised by memory deficits

Question 9

With alzheimer’s what is still intact?

Answer 9

phonological loop

Question 10

With Alzheimer’s what is impaired?

Answer 10

LTM

working memory

Question 11

Main causes of Amnesia:

Answer 11

head trauma, disease, prolonged alcohol abuse (Korsakoff’s syndrome)

Question 12

Retrograde amnesia =

Answer 12

the loss of memories acquired BEFORE a traumatic event

Question 13

Anterograde amnesia =

Answer 13

the loss of ability to form new memories AFTER a traumatic event

Question 14

The amnesic syndrome impairs?

Answer 14

Anterograde LTM

Question 15

Temporarily graded retrograde amnesia =

Answer 15

retrograde amnesia where there is a greater loss of memories that occurred more recently prior to the traumatic event, than for memories that occurred in the distant past

Question 16

Consolidation theory:

Answer 16

Memory when first encoded in temporary form that over time becomes consolidated into more permanent form

Question 17

Distracter task between learning and testing _______ recall

Answer 17

reduces