theories of intelligence

Question 1

general intelligence

Answer 1

Galton, Spearman

Question 2

Sir Francis Galton

Answer 2

• one of the first to study intelligence
• Believed that intelligence was a general ability that was different depending on the environment
• He believed that intelligence could be measured with simple tests
• He stimulated much of the debate regarding inherited IQ.

Question 3

Spearman

Answer 3

• he also assumed a single general intelligence, he supported the idea of
  intelligence testing
• He observed the various scores on various language, maths, reasoning and
  memory tests
• There was a correlation between high scores on one test and then another.

Question 4

measuring mental age and intelligence quotient

Answer 4

Binet and Simon, Terman

Question 5

Binet and Simon

Answer 5

• were given a task of finding a way to identify children who were experiencing learning difficulties and who could benefit from special
  education programs
• Binet discovered the concept of MENTAL AGE
• Tests were designed so most children of that age could pass them

Question 6

Terman

Answer 6

introduced the idea of IQ test - mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100 - average score.

Question 7

Wechsler

Answer 7

• He believed test on intelligence needed to be related to real life situations.
• Four conditions of intelligence - awareness, goal directed, rational and
  worthwhile

Question 8

Gardner 7 intelligences

Answer 8

• linguistic
• mathematical
• musical
• body kinesthetic
• visual spatial
• interpersonal
• intrapersonal

Question 9

Golman

Answer 9

• emotional intelligence
• involves the ability to accurately perceive emotions in oneself and others
• The ability to understand emotions and ability to manage emotions.

Question 10

Advantages of individual testing

Answer 10

• more intimate
• results more accurate
• results not dependent on any factors

Question 11

Advantages to group testing

Answer 11

• large amount of people at a time
• scores are more objective
• efficient
• less man power

Question 12

disadvantages of individual testing

Answer 12

• time consuming
• cost
• trained ad experienced examiner required

Question 13

disadvantages of group testing

Answer 13

• less accurate
• interest isn’t easily maintained
• scores dependent on other things