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Psychiatric Nursing > Theoretical Basis of Personality and Behavior > Flashcards

Theoretical Basis of Personality and Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

He is an austrian neurologist

A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

The father of Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud

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3
Q

Means taking cure

A

Psychoanalysis

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4
Q

Is an inability to adapt and a tendency to experience excessive negative or obsessive thoughts and behaviors

A

Neurosis

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5
Q

Is most likely stress- or anxiety- related and is related to unresolved or repressed conflicts in earlier years of life

A

Neurosis

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6
Q

He believed that neurosis can be cured by making their unconscious conscious

A

Freud

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7
Q

Memories within awareness

A

Conscious Level

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8
Q

Controlled by the Ego

A

Conscious Level

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9
Q

Memories not presently within awareness but can be easily recalled

A

Preconscious Level

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10
Q

“Pleasure Principle”

A

Id

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11
Q

Present at birth

A

Id

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12
Q

Locus of instinctual drives

A

Id

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13
Q

Seeks instant gratification and has no regard for rules or social conventions

A

Id

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14
Q

Contains Eros and Thanatos

A

Id

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15
Q

means life instinct

A

Eros

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16
Q

Means death instinct

A

Thanatos

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17
Q

Begins to develop between 4 and 6 months

A

Ego

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18
Q

Experiences the reality of the external world, adapts and responds to it

A

Ego

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19
Q

Develops between 3 and 6 years old

A

Superego

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20
Q

Internalizes the values and morals set forth by primary caregivers

A

Superego

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21
Q

Reality Principle

A

Ego

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22
Q

Perfection Principle

A

Superego

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23
Q

Methods of attempting to protect the self and cope with basic drives or emotionally painful thoughts, feelings or events

A

Ego defense mechanisms

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24
Q

May be consciously or unconsciously carried out

A

Ego defense mechanisms

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25
Q

Unconscious refusal to admit an unacceptable idea or behavior

A

Denial

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26
Q

Unconscious and involuntary forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts

A

Repression

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27
Q

Conscious exclusion from awareness anxiety- producing feelings, ideas, and situations

A

Suppression

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28
Q

Conscious or unconscious attempts to make or prove that one’s feelings or behaviors are justifiable

A

Rationalization

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29
Q

Consciously or unconsciously using only logical explanations without feelings or an affective component

A

Intellectualization

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30
Q

The unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotions from an unacceptable idea, situation, or object

A

Dissociation

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31
Q

Conscious or unconscious attempt to model oneself after a respected person

A

Identification

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32
Q

Unconsciously incorporating values and attitudes of others as if they were your own

A

Introjection

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33
Q

consciously covering up for a weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait

A

Compensation

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34
Q

Consciously or unconsciously channeling instinctual drives into acceptable activities

A

Sublimation

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35
Q

A conscious behavior that is the exact opposite of an unconscious feeling

A

Reaction Formation

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36
Q

Consciously doing something to counteract or make up for a transgression or wrongdoing

A

Undoing

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37
Q

Unconsciously discharging pent up feelings to a less threatening object

A

Displacement

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38
Q

Unconsciously (or consciously) blaming someone else for one’s difficulties or placing one’s unethical desires on someone else

A

Projection

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39
Q

The unconscious expression of intrapsychic conflict symbolically through physical symptoms

A

Conversion

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40
Q

Unconscious return to an earlier and more comfortable developmental level

A

Regression

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41
Q

A child’s attraction to the opposite sex parent and an associated sense of rivalry with same sex parent

A

Oedipus Complex

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42
Q

a fear of literal and figurative emasculation

A

castration anxiety

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43
Q

feeling of girl’s resentment to mother for “castrating” her

A

penis envy

44
Q

what are the stages of psychosexual development

A

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

45
Q

It’s pleasure site is mouth

46
Q

Stages of psychosexual development where the major task/conflict is weaning

47
Q

Stages of Psychosexual Development wherein the major task/conflict is Toilet training

48
Q

Pleasure site is Anus and surrounding areas

49
Q

Pleasure site is genitalia (Penis/Clitoris)

50
Q

Stages of Psychosocial Development wherein the major task/conflict is to identify with opposite-sex parent

51
Q

It’s major task/conflict is socialization

52
Q

It’s major task/conflict is sexual maturity and satisfactory relationships with the opposite sex

53
Q

Age of oral stage

A

Birth to 18 months

54
Q

Anal stage age

A

18 months to 3 years

55
Q

Phallic stage age

56
Q

Latency Age

A

6-12 years

57
Q

Genital Age

A

12 years and up

58
Q

Dependency or aggression; Problems with drinking, smoking, eating, nail biting

59
Q

messy, wasteful, destructive

A

Anal-expulsive

60
Q

orderly, rigid; obsessive

A

Anal-retentive

61
Q

Sexual deviances or confused sexual identity

62
Q

Difficulty identifying with others and in developing social skills, leading to a sense of inadequacy and inferiority

63
Q

-Derailed emotional and financial independence

  • Impaired personal identity and future goals
  • Disrupted ability to form satisfying intimate relationships
64
Q

Germal-American psychologist and psychoanalyst

A

Erik Erikson (1902- 1994)

65
Q

What is the virtue when viewing the world as safe and reliable; relationships as nurturing, stable, and dependable

66
Q

What is the value when achieving a sense of control and free will

67
Q

What is the value when beginning development of a conscience, learning to manage conflict and anxiety

68
Q

What is the virtue about emerging confidence in own abilities; taking pleasure in accomplishments

A

Competence

69
Q

Virtue that formulates a sense of belonging

70
Q

Virtue about forming adult, loving relationships and meaningful attachments to others

71
Q

What is the virtue of being creative and productive, establishing the next generation

72
Q

What is the virtue of accepting responsibility for one’s self and life

73
Q

Trust vs. mistrust

74
Q

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

75
Q

Initiative vs. guilt

A

(preschool)

76
Q

Industry vs. inferiority

A

school age

77
Q

Identity vs. role confusion

A

adolescence

78
Q

intimacy vs. isolation

A

young adult

79
Q

Generavity vs. stagnation

A

middle adult

80
Q

ego integrity vs. despair

A

(maturity)

81
Q

Swiss psychologist who focused on the intellectual development of children

A

Jean Piaget (1896-1980)

82
Q

Who developed the theory of cognitive development?

A

Jean piget

83
Q

The ability to adapt to the environment through an equilibration process

A

Intelligence

84
Q

involves the child’s increasing his or her adaptation to the environment in a dynamic equilibrium between using his/her existing ideas about the world and changing those ideas in response to his/ her experiences

A

Cognitive Development

85
Q

-Concept or category about the world

-Mental representation of a set of ideas or actions which go together

86
Q

-The tendency to interpret new experiences in terms of existing schemas

-Taking in information into previously existing schemas

A

Assimilation

87
Q

This results from the inability to use existing schema to understand new information to make sense of objects and concepts

A

Disequilibration

88
Q

Changes in schemas to incorporate information from experiences

A

Accommodation

89
Q

Describes the cognitive balancing process of new information with old knowledge

A

Equilibration

90
Q

Birth to 2 years old

A

Sensorimotor

91
Q

2 to 7 years old

A

Preoperational

92
Q

7 to 11 years old

A

Concrete Operational

93
Q

> 11 years old

A

Formal Operational

94
Q

What are the stages of Cognitive Development

A
  1. Sensorimotor Stage
  2. Preoperational Stage
  3. Concrete Operational Stage
  4. Formal Operational Stage
95
Q

The child understands the word in terms of actions, not words

A

Sensorimotor

96
Q

The child is unable to use operations to solve problems and does not understand concepts such as reversibility

A

Preoperational

97
Q

During this period the child can only see problems from one perspective, a phenomenon referred to as

A

Egocentrism

98
Q

Able to solve logical problems but only in the present

A

Concrete Operational

99
Q

Arranging items along a quantitative dimension, such as length or weight, in a methodical way

100
Q

Ability to arrange objects into a variety of classes and subclasses

A

Classification

101
Q

Ability to appreciate that a change in shape does not necessarily mean a change in size

A

Conservation

102
Q

The child learns that some things that have been changed can be returned to their original state

A

Reversibility

103
Q

Concrete operational children no longer focus on only one dimension of any object and instead consider the changes in other dimensions too

A

Decentration

104
Q

Understanding that objects have qualities that do not change even if the object is altered in some way

105
Q

Being able to understand how objects are related to one another; using previous knowledge to determine the missing piece, using basic logic

A

Transitivity

Psychiatric Nursing (16 decks)

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