Introduction to Psychiatric Nursing Flashcards
Is a specialized field of nursing practice that involves the care of individuals with a mental health disorder to help them recover and improve their quality of life
Psychiatric Nursing
In what year did Linda Richards received her nursing degree?
1873
In what year did the psychiatric nursing was integrated into the BSN curriculum
1955
Also known as the first American Psychiatric Nurse
Linda Richards
It is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness as evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self- concept, and emotional stability (Videbeck, 2018).
Mental Health
The 3 evidences of mental health
- Emotional
- Psychological
- Social
is the successful adaptation to stressors from internal and external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are age- appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms (Townsend, 2012).
Mental Health
Refers to the maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external environment … that interfere with the individual’s social, occupational, and/or physical functioning (Townsend, 2012).
Mental Illness
are a health condition characterized by significant dysfunction in an individual’s cognition, emotion, or behaviors that reflects a disturbance in the psychological, biological or developmental processes underlying mental functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2012)
Mental Illnesses
The cultural considerations
- Aling Marites is the best when it comes to mental illness
- Relatives attempt to “normalize” a maladaptive behavior
- People with mental illness often seek professional help too late
- The poor usually display the highest amount of mental illness symptoms
- The rich don’t die…of psych illness ”
- Type of knowledge > Amount of knowledge
- Jewish are more likely to seek psychiatric assistance
- Women have more health-seeking behavior than men
- Cultural diveristy = Negativity
Describes the changes that occur during a disease process
Pathophysiology
The scientific study of mental disorders, including their theoretical underpinnings, etiology, progression, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment
Psychopathology
The study of mental disorders or psychosocial distresses which interact with the pathophysiological or behavioral pathways
Psycho-pathophysiology
Most mental illnesses are IDIOPATHIC
Etiology
Presents theoretical concepts and explanations of the potential etiology of mental illness
Theoretical Underpinnings
Psychodynamic, cognitive, behavioral, social, and biologic theories are commonly used to explain the development and are used as basis for psychotherapeutic interventions
Theoretical Underpinnings
Attempts to explain how the disease develops
“Nature vs Nurture”
Nature has something to do with
Genetics
Nurture has something to do with
Environment
indicate symptoms that must be present (and for how long) as well as a list of other symptoms, disorders, and conditions that must first be ruled out to qualify for a particular diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Meaning of (DSM-V-TR)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision
A taxonomy published by the American Psychiatric Association
DSM-V-TR
Outlines the diagnostic criteria for each mental disorders
DSM-V-TR
Unknown in Psych is the
Exact Cause
The “Bible” of Psychiatry
DSM-V-TR
What is G.A.D?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Duration of G.A.D
Must experience 50% of the time of the day being anxious for the next 6 months
Loss of interest or pleasure
anhedonia
WHO defines health as
H”
ealth is a state of complete physical well-being, mental well being and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”
Animal-like treatment of the mentally ill
Pre-Enlightenment
Establishment of Asylums
Enlightenment
Emphasis on psychotherapy as main treatment
Period of scientific study
Emergence of psychopharmacology in the management of mental illnesses
Period of Psychotropic Drugs
Deinstitutionalization
Period of Community Mental Health
Brain research
Decade of the brain
Mentally ill were treated like wild animals
Pre-Enlightenment
She listed the ABCs of community response during the pre-enlightenment period
Rosenbatt (1984)
What are the ABCs of Rosenblatt?
A- Assistance
B- Banishment
C- Confinement
Sanctuary where mentally ill patients were isolated geographically, socially, and from public scrutiny
Asylum (Period of Enlightenment)
Who conceptualized the period of enlightenment?
Philippe Pinel and William Tuke
Short lived periods as the succeeding caretakers in the asylum did not share the same ideals as the forerunners
Period of Enlightenment
Psychotherapy and Dream Analysis Theory
Sigmund Freud
He made a tremendous contributions to the classification of mental disorders
Emil Kraeplin
Coined the term schizophrenia
Eugene Bleuler
Psychopharmacology was incorporated into the treatment regimen for mental illnesses
Period of Psychotropic Drugs
Community Mental Health Centers were established to facilitate deinstitutionalization
Period of Community Mental Health
Early discharge but frequent readmissions
Revolving door effect
Marked by a steep increase in brain research
Decade of the Brain
-Filipinos believed in a world that’s equally material and spiritual
-Concept of illness was based on the punishment imposed by the spiritual world to those who disrespected and disobeyed them
-Treatment for mental illness was through rituals and ceremonies conducted by babaylan and sorcerer healing
Pre-Spanish Regime
-Filipinos accepted that mental illness was caused by an act of sorcery
-Treatment was performed by herbolarios or through exorcism
Spanish Regime
In Spanish Regime, what treatment is performed?
Herbolarios or through exorcism
-Emergence of organized care and treatment of the mentally ill
-Established at the Hospicio de San Jose
19th Century
Insane department was opened at San Lazaro Hospital
American Era
National Psychopathic Hospital continued its services amidst the WWII
Japanese Occupation
In this period, Americans helped develop the treatment of mentally ill in the Philippines
Liberation Period
This period, National Psychopathic Hospital was renamed National Mental Hospital
Liberation Period
