Schizoprhenia Flashcards
is a disruptive mental state in which an individual struggles to distinguish the external world from internally generated perceptions
Psychosis
What are the psychotic manifestations?
-Schizophrenia (Most common)
- Acute Mania
- Severe depression
- Drug intoxication
- Delirium, Dementia
Treatment for Psychosis
Antipsychotic medications
History of Schizophrenia
In what year did Morel was firt to name the psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia and described as “Dementia praecox”
1860
History of Schizophrenia
In what year Kahlbaum used the term catatonia to described patients immobolized by psychological factors
1871
History of Schizophrenia
In what year, Hecker used the term hebephrenia to describe patients with silly, bizarre, and regressed behaviors
1874
History of Schizophrenia
In what year, Kraeplin added the term paranoia to describe highly suspicious patients
1878
History of Schizophrenia
In what year Kraeplin grouped the three patient categories under the heading dementia praecox
1899
History of Schizophrenia
In what year Bleuler coined the term schizophrenia
1908
To describe patients immobilized by psychological factors
catatonia
to describe patients with silly, bizarre, and regressed behaviors
hebephrenia
to describe highly suspicious patients
paranoia
He was first to name the psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia and described as “Dementia praecox”
Morel
He used the term catatonia to describe patients immobilized by psychological factors
Kahlbaum
He used the term hebephrenia to describe patients with silly, bizarrre, and regressed behaviors
Hecker
He added the term paranoia
Kraeplin
He coined the term schizophrenia
Bleuler
skhizo means
split
phren means
mind
He believed that dementia praecox was inappropriate
Bleuler
Bleuler’s 4A’s in Schizophrenia
- Affective disturbance
- Autism
- Associative looseness
- Ambivalence
Inappropriate, blunted or flat affect
Affective disturbance
Preoccupation with the self, with little concern for external reality
Autism
The stringing together of unrelated topics
Associative Looseness
Simultaneous opposite feelings
Ambivalence
Is a diagnostic term used to describe a major psychotic disorders characterized by disturbances in the perception, though process, reality testing, feelings, behavior, attention, motivation
Schizophrenia
Onset of Schizophrenia
Late adolescence to early adulthood
Gender prevalence in Schizophrenia
Affects men and women equally
The disease progression of schizophrenia
- Premorbid
- Prodromal
- Schizophrenia
- Residual
Patients typically had schizoid or schizotypal personalities and has social withdrawal and introverted
Pre-morbid Phase
Appearance of non-specific manifestations
Prodrome
This may last for a few weeks or months but can extend up to 2 to 5 years
Prodrome or Prodomal Phase
Early Prodromal Manifestations
-Sleep disturbance
- Anxiety
- Irritability
- Depressed mood
- Poor concentration
- Fatigue
- Social withdrawal
Late Prodromal Manifestations
-Perceptual abnormalities
- Ideas of reference
- Suspiciousness
Active Phase and Prominence of psychotic symptoms
Schizophrenia Phase
-Stable phase
- Usually follows an active phase
-Symptoms of the acute stage are either absent or no longer prominent
Residual Phase
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
-Ambivalence
- Associative weakness
- Delusion
- Echopraxia
- Flight of ideas
- Hallucinations
- Ideas of reference
- Perseveration
- Bizarre behavior
Holding seemingly contradictory beliefs or feelings about the same person, event or situation
Ambivalence
Fragmented or poorly related thoughts and ideas
Associative looseness
Fixed false beliefs that have no basis in reality
Delusion
Irritation of the movements and gestures of another person whom the client is observing
Echopraxia
Continuous flow of verbalizations in which the person jumps rapidly from one topic to another
Flight of ideas
False sensory perceptions or perceptual experiences that do not really exist in reality
Hallucinations
False impressions that external events have special meaning for the person
Ideas of reference
Persistent adherence to a single idea or topic; verbal repetition of a sentence, word, or phrase resisting attempt to change topic
Perseveration
Outlandish appearance or clothing; repetitive or stereotyped, seemingly purposeless movements
Bizarre Behavior
Paranoid schizophrenia
-Hallucinations
- Persecutory delusions
- Religiosity
- Suspiciousness
Catatonic Schizophrenia
-Stupor
- Waxy Flexibility
- Mutism
- Echopraxia
Disorganized Schizophrenia
-Loose association
- Perseveration
- Bizarre behavior
- Flat/Inappropriate affect
Residual Schizophrenia
-In remission but still with:
-Flat affect
- Social withdrawal
- Loose associations
The First Generation Antipsychotic Medications
-Chlorpromazine
- Haloperidol
Second Generation Antipsychotic
Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone
Has effect on positive symptoms only
First-generation antipsychotic
Has effect on positive and negative symptoms
Second-generation antipsychotic
Third-generation antipsychotic medications
Aripiprazole
