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Psychiatric Nursing > ANTIDEPRESSANTS > Flashcards

ANTIDEPRESSANTS Flashcards

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1
Q

Primary desired effect of Antidepressants

A

Reduction of depression

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2
Q

Secondary desired effect of antidepressants

A

Control of anxiety or obsession

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3
Q

what are the 3 anti depressants drugs?

A
  1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
  2. Cyclic Antidepressants
  3. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)
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4
Q

Mechanism of action of SSRI

A

Inhibits reuptake of serotonin

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5
Q

Mechanism of action of Cyclic Antidepressants

A

Inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepineprine in the synaptic cleft

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6
Q

Mechanism of Action of MAOI

A

Increases monoamine (NE, serotonin, dopamine) by inhibiting monoamine oxidase

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7
Q

What are the drugs of SSRI?

A

-Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine, Fluvoxamine
- Sertraline
- Paroxetine
- Citalopram

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8
Q

Side effects of SSRI

A

-Sexual dysfunction
- Insomnia
- GI upset
- Akathisia
-Weight Gain

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9
Q

Lag period of SSRI

A

2 to 3 days

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10
Q

Drugs of Cyclic Antidepressants

A

“CANDID”

-Clomipramine
-Amitriptyline
-Nortriptyline
-Desipramine
-Imipramine
-Doxepine

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11
Q

Side effects of Cyclic Antidepressants

A

“SHAWT”
-Sexual dysfunction
- Hypotension
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Weight Gain
- Tachycardia

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12
Q

Lag period of cyclic antidepressants

A

1 to 4 weeks

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13
Q

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Drugs

A

“TIPS”

-Tranylcypromine
- Isocarboxazid
- Phenelzine
- Selegiline (Emsam)- transdermal

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14
Q

Side Effects of MAOI

A

-Sleep disturbances
- Weight Gain
- Dry mouth
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Sexual dysnfunction

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15
Q

Lag period of MAOI

A

2 to 4 weeks

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16
Q

A potentially life-threatening condition associated with increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system

A

Serotonin Syndrome

17
Q

Causes of Serotonin Syndrome

A

-Simultaneous intake of MAOI and SSRI
- Inadequate washout period

18
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Serotonin Syndrome

A

A- Altered Mental Status (agitation, restlessness, or anxiety
N- Neuromuscular hyperactivity
(ocular clonus, hyperreflexia, tremors, or rigidity)
A- Autonomic hyperactivity
(Tachycardia, Hyperthermia, Hypertension, Diaphoresis, Mydriasis)

19
Q

Twitching activity

A

Ocular Clonus

20
Q

Autonomic hyperactivity stimulates what?

A

SNS stimulation

21
Q

Management of Serotonin Syndrome

A

-Discontinue medication
- Supportive care (oxygen, IV fluids, antipyretics)
- Benzodiazepine for sedation
- Intubation and ventilatory support if necessary
- Cyproheptadine- serotonin agonist if all else fail

22
Q

It must be resolve for 24 hours

A

Cyproheptadine

23
Q

A rapid BP elevation with readings of 180/110 mmHg or greater

A

Hypertensive Crisis

24
Q

Causes of Hypertensive Crisis

A

Ingestion of tyramine- containing foods while taking MAOI

25
Q

Hypertensive Crisis Clinical Manifestations

A

-Severe HPN
- Hyperpyrexia
- Tachycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Tremors
- Cardiac dysrhythmias

26
Q

BP >180mmHG systolic

A

Severe HPN

27
Q

T >41C

A

Hyperpyrexia

28
Q

Management of Hypertensive Crisis

A

-Discontinue medication
- DOC: Phentolamine-alpha-adrenergic blocker
- Low-tyramine diet
-No Canned foods
- No processed foods
- No aged foods/drinks
- No MSG

29
Q

A reaction that BP will increase

A

Cheese Reaction

Psychiatric Nursing (16 decks)

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