the working memory model Flashcards

AO1 and AO3

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1
Q

what is the role of the central executive?

A
  • responsible for coordinating the other slave units
  • processess information from any of the senses and has minimal storage capacity
  • problem solving and decision making
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2
Q

what are the three main areas that the central executive is involved in?

A
  • focus of attention
  • inhibition
  • shifting attention
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3
Q

what is the role of the phonological loop?

A
  • deals with auditory information, especially recall of words in the correct order
  • 2 sec capacity with acoustic encoding
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4
Q

what are the two parts of the phonological loop and what do they do?

A
  • phonological store = stores audible material
  • articulatory control system = rehearses information so prevents forgetting by decay via the maintenance rehearsal
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5
Q

what is the role of the visuospatial sketchpad?

A
  • capacity of 3/4 objects
  • stores visual information and considers spatial arrangement of shapes
  • can recreate images based on something seen in real time or in the past
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6
Q

why does the dual task paradigm happen?

A
  • the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad are supposed to work together but if two sources of information that are processed by the same slave system then they get overloaded
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7
Q

how does the case of KF link to the working memory model?

A
  • KF was in a motorcycle accident and it caused damage to his left occipital lobe
  • STM was damaged but LTM remained the same
  • remembered words better if presented visually
  • impairment was mainly verbal not visual suggesting two different stores
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8
Q

what is the study of Schumann-Hengsteler that shows that visual and verbal information are processed seperately?

A
  • two different sources of inference (visual of tappng items on a map and sound where listening to irrelevant speech)
  • carried out mathmatical tasks and there was interference tasks
  • only the speech interferred with the task
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9
Q

what are the three different applications that come from the working memory model?

A
  • patients with alzheimers have shown decreased central executive function
  • education of how to make learners better
  • help with strategies for dyslexia
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10
Q

what was the study of baddeley that showed the importance of the central executive?

A
  • dual task experiments in young, elderly and alzheimers patients
  • verbal and visual tasks either sepeartely or together
  • alzheimers group didnt differ significantly until trying to do them together
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11
Q

why is the working memory model better than the multi store model + CA?

A
  • it is a more comprehensive model which splits the short term memory into further stores
  • however still doesnt investigate in depth about LTM
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12
Q

what are the issues with the central executive’s role in this explanation?

A
  • there hasnt been much research in this area so we dont know how it works
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13
Q

how can case studies of brain damaged patients be used as evaluation?

A
  • case studies take an idiographic approach and therefore harder to generalise the findings
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14
Q

how can PET scans being used in research be used in evaluation?

A
  • objective and produce quantitative data
  • high validity
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15
Q

what is the study of Leiberman that criticises the working memory model?

A

-points out that blind people have excellent spatial awareness although they have never recieved visual information
- so the VSS should be separated into two different component one for spatial and one for visual

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16
Q

why is it hard to effectively research the central executive?

A
  • no direct test for its functioning
  • any test also affects the slave systems so we cant investigate the CE alone
  • lowers the credibility of the explanation