individual differences in criminal psychology Flashcards
1
Q
how could social class matter for self fulfilling prophecy?
A
- lower social classes are more likely to be negatively labelled e.g. by the police
2
Q
why do labels given to parents matter?
A
- if a parent is labelled as a criminal then the children may be viewed in the same way e.g. by the community or police
3
Q
how can people react differently to labels?
A
- they may resist the label
- they may accept the label and it lead to SFP
4
Q
what did chambliss find about social class and labelling?
A
- studied two groups of school boys
- middle class labelled saints and lower class were labelled as roughnecks
- both engaged in deviant behaviour but were punished differently
- years later the saints all had gone to college and had professional careers whereas roughnecks 2 never graduated and 2 went to prison
5
Q
what did fuller find about resisting labels?
A
- black schoolgirls labelled negatively but they resisted this label and tried to prove them wrong by working hard in school (self defeating prophecy)
6
Q
what are individual differences in socialisation?
A
- boys and girls are socialised differently e.g. with family members and role models
7
Q
how can gender explain individual differences?
A
- encourages aggression in boys e.g. sports
- girls encouraged to be ‘ladylike’ and play nicely
8
Q
what does freud say about differences in the phallic stage?
A
- girls = electra complex
- boys = oedipus complex
9
Q
how does jim fallon support the idea of socialisation?
A
- had MAOA gene which predisposed him to being a murderer
- despite history of killers in family he was not showing influence of social factors
10
Q
what is a weakness of freuds explanations such as a weak superego as an explanation of crime?
A
- unfalsifiable as you cannot measure components such as the superego
