multistore model of memory Flashcards
AO1 and AO3
what are the three main stores in the model?
- sensory memory
- short term memory
- long term memory
how does information pass through the stores?
- passes through in a linear way
- information processing model (like a computer) with an input and output
what is the encoding in the sensory register?
- one register for each sensory modality
- visual, auditory,haptic,olfactory and gustatory
what is the duration of the sensory register?
- limited (less than half a second)
what is the capacity of the sensory register?
- very large (over 100 million cells in each eye storing information)
what is the key process, storage and retrieval of the sensory register?
- key process = attention
- storage = same format that it was received
- retrieval = scanning
what study supports the existence of sensory memory?
- Sperling looked at sensory memory using a tachistoscope
- asked ppts to remember as many letters as they could from 12 symbols
- ppts could remember 4/5 letters showing the image of the item fades
what is the duration of the short term memory?
- 18-30 seconds
what is the supporting study of Peterson and Peterson?
- showed people trigrams and then asked them to count backwards as a distractor task
- any longer than 15 seconds and recall was impossible
what is the encoding and capacity of the short term memory?
- mainly acoustic encoding
- capacity = 7+/- 2
what is the key process of short term memory?
- temporary store of information attended to
what is the encoding in long term memory?
- mainly semantic
what is the duration and capacity of long term memory?
- both are unlimited
what is the key process of long term memory?
- material that has been rehearsed for a long time
- when you want to recall it it can be transferred back to the STM
what is the study that supports the duration of long term memory?
- Bahrick et al
- 400 ppts aged 17-74
- list names of their graduating class in free recall and photo recognition
- within 15 years = 90% accurate for faces, 48 years = 80% verbal