The Working Memory Model

Question 1

Who creates the Working Memory Model

Answer 1

Baddely and Hitch

Question 2

What are the different stores in the working memory model

Answer 2

Phonological Loop, Visuospatial Sketchpad and Episodic Buffer

Question 3

What organises the different stores in the Working Memory Model

Answer 3

The central executive

Question 4

What does the central executive do

Answer 4

Directs attention to particular tasks and allocates mental resources to these tasks

Question 5

Can the central executive store information

Answer 5

No, the central executive has very limited capacity and cannot store information

Question 6

What is the phonological loop

Answer 6

This is where auditory information is stored

Question 7

What is the phonological loop subdivided into

Answer 7

The Phonological store and the articulatory control system

Question 8

What does the Phonological Store do

Answer 8

Stores information but doesn’t conciously repeat it

Question 9

What does the articulatory control system do

Answer 9

Stoers words you hear by repeating them, like an inner voice. This is a form of maintainance rehersal

Question 10

Where is visual or spatial information stored

Answer 10

The visuospatial sketchpad

Question 11

Where is auditory inforation stored in the working memory model

Answer 11

In the Phonological Loop

Question 12

Who suggested that the visuo-spatial sketchpad can be split up

Answer 12

Logie

Question 13

What can the visuospatial sketchpad be split into

Answer 13

The visual cache and the inner scribe

Question 14

What does the visual chache do

Answer 14

Stores information about visual items

Question 15

What does the inner scribe do

Answer 15

Stores the arrangement of objects in the visual field

Question 16

What does the episodic buffer do

Answer 16

The episodic buffer stores information relateing to both acoustic and visual memory

Question 17

Who added the episodic buffer late as they realised they needed a general store

Answer 17

Baddely

Question 18

What are some characteristics of the episodic buffer

Answer 18

-limited capacity
-maintains a sense of time sequencing
-sends information to the LTM

Question 19

How does the dual task experiment demonstrate the cental executive

Answer 19

Hitch and Baddely’s dual task experiment demonstrated the CE as participants were given two tasks, one of which occupied the central executive and a second which occupied either the articulatory loop or both the central executive and the articulatory loop. They found that task 1 was slower when task 2 involved both the CR and the articulatory loop. CE clearly effects results of tasks, demonstrating the CE as an element of the STM

Question 20

Who did the dual task experiment

Answer 20

Baddely and Hitch

Question 21

Which case study had short term forgetting of auditory information but greater retention of visual stimuli

Answer 21

KF

Question 22

How do case studies support the working memory model

Answer 22

KF had short term forgetting of auditory information, however had greater retention of visual stimuli. Therefore his brain damage appeared limited to the phonological loop. Another patient, SC, had good learning abilities with the exception of being unable to remember word pairs read out loud. This suggests damage to the phonological loop but not other areas of the STM, supporting the existence of seperate visual and spatial systems as in the WMM

Question 23

Which case study had good learning abilities other than being unable to remember word pairs read out loud

Answer 23

SC

Question 24

What is the argument that the Central Executive is too vague

Answer 24

All it appears to do is allocate resources, which is the same as attention. As well as this critics believe that the notion of a single central executive is too simple. For example EVR, who has a cerebral tumor removed, performed well in reasoning tasks, suggesting that the CE was still intact. However he aslo had poor decision making skills, suggesting that his CE was not intact. This shows why a singular CE may not be complex enough