The Working Memory Model Flashcards
Who creates the Working Memory Model
Baddely and Hitch
What are the different stores in the working memory model
Phonological Loop, Visuospatial Sketchpad and Episodic Buffer
What organises the different stores in the Working Memory Model
The central executive
What does the central executive do
Directs attention to particular tasks and allocates mental resources to these tasks
Can the central executive store information
No, the central executive has very limited capacity and cannot store information
What is the phonological loop
This is where auditory information is stored
What is the phonological loop subdivided into
The Phonological store and the articulatory control system
What does the Phonological Store do
Stores information but doesn’t conciously repeat it
What does the articulatory control system do
Stoers words you hear by repeating them, like an inner voice. This is a form of maintainance rehersal
Where is visual or spatial information stored
The visuospatial sketchpad
Where is auditory inforation stored in the working memory model
In the Phonological Loop
Who suggested that the visuo-spatial sketchpad can be split up
Logie
What can the visuospatial sketchpad be split into
The visual cache and the inner scribe
What does the visual chache do
Stores information about visual items
What does the inner scribe do
Stores the arrangement of objects in the visual field
What does the episodic buffer do
The episodic buffer stores information relateing to both acoustic and visual memory
Who added the episodic buffer late as they realised they needed a general store
Baddely
What are some characteristics of the episodic buffer
-limited capacity
-maintains a sense of time sequencing
-sends information to the LTM
How does the dual task experiment demonstrate the cental executive
Hitch and Baddely’s dual task experiment demonstrated the CE as participants were given two tasks, one of which occupied the central executive and a second which occupied either the articulatory loop or both the central executive and the articulatory loop. They found that task 1 was slower when task 2 involved both the CR and the articulatory loop. CE clearly effects results of tasks, demonstrating the CE as an element of the STM
Who did the dual task experiment
Baddely and Hitch
Which case study had short term forgetting of auditory information but greater retention of visual stimuli
KF
How do case studies support the working memory model
KF had short term forgetting of auditory information, however had greater retention of visual stimuli. Therefore his brain damage appeared limited to the phonological loop. Another patient, SC, had good learning abilities with the exception of being unable to remember word pairs read out loud. This suggests damage to the phonological loop but not other areas of the STM, supporting the existence of seperate visual and spatial systems as in the WMM
Which case study had good learning abilities other than being unable to remember word pairs read out loud
SC
What is the argument that the Central Executive is too vague
All it appears to do is allocate resources, which is the same as attention. As well as this critics believe that the notion of a single central executive is too simple. For example EVR, who has a cerebral tumor removed, performed well in reasoning tasks, suggesting that the CE was still intact. However he aslo had poor decision making skills, suggesting that his CE was not intact. This shows why a singular CE may not be complex enough
