The Cognitive Approach to Treating Depression Flashcards
What did Ellis add to their ABC model to develop a therapy for depression
DEF, where
D is Disruption of irrational beliefs and thoughts
E is Effects of disputing and effective attitude to life
F is Feelings that are produced
What CBT aim to do
Deal with irrational beliefs and replace them with functional ones
How does CBT replace irrational beliefs
Logical disputing, which tests if beliefs follow logically from available information
Empirical disputing, which tests if self-defeating beliefs are consistent with reality
Pragmatic disputing, which tests if the beliefs are helpful
What are clients of CBT asked to do between sessions
Clients are often asked to complete assignments between sessions , like asking someone out when they were too afraid to before. This allows clients to test their irrational beliefs against reality
Why does CBT encourage clients to become more active
By encouraging depressed people to become more active and engage in pleasurable actvities, it elicits rewards which act as an antidote for depression
What did Ellis realise was an important ingredient for successful therapy
Convincing the client of thier value as a human being. If the client feels worthless they will be less willing to consider changing their beliefs, but if the therapist provides respect and appretiation regardless of what the client does and says this will facilitate a change of beleifs and attitudes
What research supports the effectiveness of CBT
Ellis claimed a 90% success chance of REBT (his version of CBT), taking on average 27 sessions to complete the treatment. CBT in general has done well in outcome studies of depression. A review by Cuijpers et al of 75 studies found that CBT was superior to no treatment
Who claimed a 90% success chance of REBT
Ellis
Who reviewed 75 CBT studies and found it was better than no treatment (low baseline lol)
Cuijpers et al
Why is it possible that all treatment for mental disorders is equally effective
Rosenzweig named the ‘Dodo Bird effect’ after the Dodo bird in Alice in wonderland who decided that everyone should win. This is because research tends to find similar success rates between different therapies, Rosenzweig argued that the lack of difference was because there were so many common factors in different psychotherapies, such as being able to talk to a sympathetic person and having an opportunity to express one’s thoughts
Who argued all therapies are equally important
Rosenzweig
Why might drugs be a better way to treat depression
Drug therapies require less effort than the client and can still be used in conjunction with other therapies like CBT. This could be important because a distressed client may find it difficult to focus on CBT and drug treatment could enable them to cope better
