the weimar republic 1918-29

Question 1

give two reasons why there was a high lack of support for democracy 1918-29

Answer 1

-army openly disliked republic and army had lots of respect from german public
-dolchtoss

Question 2

how did the republic creation mark change, what was the republic unfamiliar with and why?

Answer 2

-marked change of organisation and structure of power
-unfamiliar with democracy - previously had limited power to pass or reject laws

Question 3

when did ebert announce the creation of weimar republic

Answer 3

november 9th 1918

Question 4

why was the creation of the weimar republic difficult

Answer 4

-external pressure
-unrest in country (due to defeat and treaty of versailles and abduction of kaiser)

Question 5

what happened to germany’s military under ToV?

Answer 5

-only allowed 100,000 men
-conscription band
-6 battleships
-no submarines / air force

Question 6

what was article 231 of the ToV?

Answer 6

war guilt clause

Question 7

what happened to germany’s land under ToV?

Answer 7

-lost 10% of land
-lost empire
-coalfields

Question 8

how many assassinations were there from 1919 to 1921?

Answer 8

376

Question 9

when was the spartacist uprising?

Answer 9

january 1919

Question 10

what caused the spartacist uprising?

Answer 10

january 4th - eichhorn sacked 2000 workers + workers went on strike (100,000 january 6th)

Question 11

what happened in the spartacist uprising and what was the goal?

Answer 11

-took over government newspaper
-aim to take over germany as a communist country

Question 12

how did the spartacist uprising end?

Answer 12

-ebert ordered freikorps to stop
-13th of january it stopped
-16th of january leaders killed

Question 13

who are the freikorps?

Answer 13

group of right wing nationalist ex-soldiers. they hate the ToV and felt that they never lost WW1

Question 14

when was the kapp putsch?

Answer 14

march 1920

Question 15

how did the kapp putsch happen?

Answer 15

-march 20th freikorp, led by wolfgang kapp, due to being disbanded and fear of unemployment
-5000 of them marched in berlin and put forward kapp as politician and declared new government

Question 16

why did the kapp putsch happen?

Answer 16

freikorps hated the weimar republic

Question 17

how did the kapp putsch end?

Answer 17

-old government fled, strikes and essential services ended
-after 4 days kapp couldn’t govern

Question 18

when was the ruhr crisis?

Answer 18

january 1923

Question 19

how did the ruhr crisis start and why?

Answer 19

-germany couldn’t pay reparations in 1922 december
-they failed to send ruhr coal to france

Question 20

what happened first in the ruhr crisis?

Answer 20

-french sent troops to ruhr to take payment in raw materials
-11th jan 1923, 60,000 french takeover ruhr

Question 21

how did germany react to ruhr crisis and what did france do?

Answer 21

-workers went on strike and ruhr production stops
-french bring in their own workers (causes violence) and arrests them

Question 22

how many soldiers did the french army have?

Answer 22

750,000

Question 23

what did the ruhr crisis cause for germany other than hyperinflation?

Answer 23

-increase debts
-unemployment
-worsened shortage

Question 24

how does the ruhr crisis and hyperinflation link?

Answer 24

weimar republic print more money to pay strikers and make up for the loss of coal / iron

Question 25

how did the price of bread change during hyperinflation?

Answer 25

one mark in 1919 to 200,000 billion marks in 1923

Question 26

what were the positives and the negatives of hyperinflation?

Answer 26

-positives: owed money value decreases, workers do well and wages increase
-negatives: normal living impossible, mass poverty, starvation and bankrupt

Question 27

when did stresemann become chancellor?

Answer 27

august 1923

Question 28

what were four things stresemann did to fix economic problems and how?

Answer 28

1) dawes plan 1924 - reduced reparations to 50 million a year, industry grows by 40%
2) introduces new currency - rentenmark to end hyperinflation, once reset prices, replaced by reichsmark, trusted currency
3) ends ruhr crisis
4) young plan 1919 - 6 billion and +59 years to pay off reparations, gov. can reduce taxes

Question 29

what is the locarno treaty?

Answer 29

1925 UK, france and belgium accepted new border and france promised peace

Question 30

what was signed in 1928 by stresemann?

Answer 30

kellogg briand pact - peace talks

Question 31

what are the results to stresemann’s actions?

Answer 31

germans happier with government, restored national pride and europe see germany as respectable

Question 32

how did the work of stresemann bring stability to german politics?

Answer 32

-coalitions work together so decisions can be made
-hindenburg as president 1925
-people are happier

Question 33

how many cinemas were there in the golden age?

Answer 33

3800 in 1932

Question 34

what were the negatives of the golden age?

Answer 34

germany very reliant on the US loans / money - “we are dancing on a volcano”

Question 35

what change was made for women during the golden age?

Answer 35

-equal rights
-fashion
-smoking / drinking

Question 36

how did wages and housing change during the golden age?

Answer 36

-wages increased by 10% and hours drop
-new housing built
-60% less homeless