Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

history > henry viii and wolsey 1509-29 > Flashcards

henry viii and wolsey 1509-29 Flashcards

1
Q

when did henry gain the throne and what age?

A

gained throne in 1509 aged 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what state of country did henry inherit?

A

stable and wealthy country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how was the security of the throne and what did henry need?

A

throne was secure as there were no rival contenders but he needed an heir and a spare as his brother dying is what made him king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what religion was england and who controlled the church?

A

england was a catholic country which acknowledged the authority of the pope who controlled the church

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what was henry’s character like?

A

stubborn and had a fiery temper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what sports did henry do?

A

hunting, archery, wrestling and jousting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what were some of henry’s other skills?

A

-spoke french, spanish and latin
-sang, composed and played instruments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what was tudor society like and what was it based on?

A

very rigid and based on inequality and social hierarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

who did people believe gave them their place?

A

god

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who did they believe they had to respect in the social hierarchy?

A

those above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

who did they believe they had to care for in the social hierarchy?

A

those below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

were there many opportunities for people to improve their position?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who was in henry’s government?

A

-king
-privy chamber
-royal household
-royal council
-court
-parliament
-justices of the peace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

who were in the privy chamber?

A

the king’s closest friends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

who was in the royal household and what did they do?

A

nobles and servants who advised the king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

who was in the royal council and what did they do?

A

nobles and churchmen who helped govern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

who was in the court and what did they do?

A

nobles who entertained and advised the king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what did parliament do?

A

passed laws proposed by the king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

who were the justices of the peace and what did they do?

A

nobility who kept law and order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

who did henry use to help him make decisions?

A

royal council and privy chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

who did henry increasingly make use of?

A

one personal adviser or chief minister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

why did henry delegate power and who did this increase the power of?

A

routine tasks bored him increasing power of his key advisers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

who did henry believe appointed him and what was this referred to?

A

believed he’d been appointed by god (divine right of kings)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what did henry believe the people had a duty to do?

A

obey him

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what did henry believe was at the centre of life?
monarchy and court
26
what kind of government did henry aim to create?
one where the king decided the policy and his minister carried it out
27
what did henry want to achieve in battles and become?
achieve victory in battles abroad and become a major force in european affairs
28
who did henry want to win land back from?
france
29
why did henry want to create a dazzling court?
to enhance his prestige
30
what kind of monarch did henry aim to be?
an effective monarch who governed well and maintained law and order
31
list henry’s strengths
-popular + handsome -team of experienced advisers -england was stable + no debts -wife has connections to spain
32
list henry’s weaknesses
-naive + little experience of gov. -idealistic view of kingship -disinterested in gov. -overconfident + egotistical
33
did wolsey come from a background of nobility?
no
34
how did wolsey work his way into power?
slowly (especially as lord chancellor)
35
name some traits of wolsey’s character
-ambitious -intelligent -charming -persuasive -happy to carry out king’s wishes -ruthless with threats
36
what was wolsey known as due to his great power influence?
‘alter rex’
37
what kind of system did wolsey try to create as lord chancellor?
a fairer system where the rich weren’t above the law
38
what royal court did wolsey try to strengthen?
star chamber
39
who did wolsey encourage to bring cases to court?
the poor
40
what did wolsey increase to do with the court and justice?
court’s work rate
41
what cases did wolsey support and who oversaw them?
supported cases of poor against the rich and oversaw cases himself
42
what were enclosures?
where landowners were unfairly fencing off land used to graze sheep
43
when did wolsey set up an enquiry into enclosures?
1517
44
how many cases did wolsey’s enquiry into enclosures create?
260
45
was wolsey’s domestic reform into enclosures successful and why?
it was unsuccessful as enclosures continued to take place
46
why did wolsey need to raise money?
for henry’s wars
47
what was the fifteenths and tenths on?
movable goods
48
what was the crown lands tax?
where wolsey recovered land from nobility for the crown’s income
49
how much money was raised in 1515 alone due to the crown lands tax?
£1000
50
what was a subsidy?
tax on incomes that was progressive and fair
51
what was a forced loan?
major landowners were forced twice to lend money to gov.
52
when did the two forced loans take place?
1522 and 1523
53
what was clerical taxation?
‘voluntary’ gift from church to king (had to pay or face consequences)
54
what were the eltham ordinances in 1526?
list of rules to make court better
55
how many chapters long were the eltham ordinances?
79
56
list some examples of the eltham ordinances
-cutting spending -laying off sick / unneeded servants -reducing money paid to people for expenses -banning dogs
57
what was the amicable grant in 1525?
tax for people to pay for war with france
58
was the amicable grant passed with parliament?
no but by royal decree
59
how long did people have to pay the amicable grant?
10 weeks
60
what did the amicable grant result in?
refusal to pay and a riot in suffolk
61
what did people’s refusal of the amicable grant lead to?
tax being abandoned and henry postponing war
62
who did the amicable grant humiliate?
wolsey
63
who were henry’s european rivals?
-francis I of france -charles V of holy roman empire and spain (habsburg empire)
64
who did wolsey aim to create a better relationship with and why?
france and habsburg empire to prevent england being isolated and vulnerable diplomatically
65
who did wolsey aim to play off against each other?
europe’s biggest powers
66
what opportunities did wolsey aim to provide for henry?
ones for henry to gain military glory and enhance his prestige
67
what did wolsey aim to allow henry to be seen as?
a peacemaker
68
when was the battle of spurs?
1514
69
what happened at the battle of spurs?
final battle in first war of france which henry won
70
when was the treaty of london?
1518
71
what was the treaty of london?
a pact of 20 european powers and the pope to keep peace
72
what did the treaty of london bring to henry and wolsey?
prestige
73
how long did the treaty of london last?
3 years
74
when was the field of the cloth of gold?
1520
75
what was the field of the cloth of gold?
splendid showcase of meetings between henry and francis
76
what was decided at the field of the cloth of gold?
nothing
77
when was the war with france?
1522-25
78
what did wolsey try to create in 1521 and failed?
a peace deal
79
who did henry ally with in 1522 and who did they declare war on?
henry allied with charles (europe’s most powerful leader) and declared war on france
80
how did england’s involvement and enthusiasm grow during the war with france?
involvement grew gradually but enthusiasm waned due to setbacks
81
when and where did charles capture francis?
in 1525 at the battle of pavia
82
how was england left when charles released francis?
with no land gained and a £430,000 loss
83
what do many people believe about charles in the war with france?
he used england for his own benefit
84
when was the treaty of more?
1525
85
after betrayal in 1525 what did wolsey set up?
treaty with francis
86
what did the two countries agree with the treaty of more?
countries agreed peace and henry gave up claims on french land in return for annual payment
87
when was the treaty of westminster?
1526
88
what did wolsey set up in 1526?
league of cognac
89
who did the league of cognac ally?
-france -pope -venice -florence
90
what did the league of cognac aim to prevent?
further conquests by charles
91
what did wolsey do after the league had little success in 1527?
signed the treaty threatening charles with invasion
92
when was the treaty of cambrai?
1529
93
who did francis make peace with in the treaty of cambrai?
charles
94
when was wolsey informed of the peace negotiation in the treaty of cambrai?
at last minute
95
how was england treated after the treaty of cambrai?
no longer treated as an equal by france of habsburg empire
96
who was catherine of aragon?
henry’s first wife who was popular
97
what did catherine of aragon act as when henry was away fighting?
regent
98
how many times was catherine pregnant and how many children survived?
catherine was pregnant 6 times but only one child survived
99
what was henry desperate to have?
a son
100
how many years older was catherine than henry?
6 years older
101
what did henry blame catherine for?
not producing a healthy son
102
who had henry turned his attention to?
anne boleyn
103
what did henry think about the marriage to catherine and why?
it was against god’s will as catherine had married his brother
104
who opposed the annulment between catherine of aragon and henry?
pope clement VII
105
who did the pope not want to anger and why?
charles V who was catherine’s nephew
106
who was called to hear the case in england?
cardinal campeggio
107
did cardinal campeggio make a decision about the annulment?
no
108
who was the failure to get the annulment blamed on?
wolsey
109
what was wolsey accused of and stripped of?
accused of treason and stripped of his wealth
110
when did wolsey die?
on his way to london to face trial
111
how did the failed foreign policy contribute to wolsey’s downfall?
failure to create an alliance with charles made henry lose confidence in wolsey
112
who was the failure of the amicable grant blamed on?
wolsey
113
what did wolsey’s reforms create?
enemies at court
114
who plotted against wolsey and what did they persuade henry?
boleyns plotted against him and persuaded henry he had to go

history (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions