life in nazi germany 1933-39

Question 1

what was the national labour service?

Answer 1

-all young men between ages 18-25 had to join for 6 months
-given jobs in public works like building schools, hospitals and repairing roads

Question 2

what was invisible unemployment?

Answer 2

official government figures showed unemployment was falling but did not include jews being forced out of jobs, women being dismissed, unmarried men under 25 doing labour service and opponents of the regime who were sent to concentration camps

Question 3

what was the german labour front?

Answer 3

-hitler banned all trade unions and replaced with DAF - strikes became illegal
-couldn’t ask for higher wages and working hours increased

Question 4

what was ‘strength through joy’?

Answer 4

-provided workers with leisure activities such as theatre tickets and sports events
-10 millions went on these holidays

Question 5

what was the beauty of labour?

Answer 5

campaigned to improve the facilities for workers e.g. better toilets and showers

Question 6

did the german workers benefit under the nazis?

Answer 6

-yes: more people working, wages increased by 20% and workers got their ‘bread and work’ as promised
-no: price of goods rose by 20% and working hours increased

Question 7

what was the conscription and rearmament?

Answer 7

-breaking the ToV
-army grew to 1.4 million by 1939
-spending on arms went from 3.5 billion to 26 billion

Question 8

what was public works?

Answer 8

-the nazis plan to build 7000 miles of motorways to improve transport
-spent 738 billion marks on schools and hospitals to create jobs

Question 9

what were the results of the nazis work for unemployment?

Answer 9

nazis announced unemployment had went from 4,800,000 to 300,000 by 1939

Question 10

what were autobahns?

Answer 10

-1933 - motorways
-125,000 men employed by 1935

Question 11

what were the changes to german women’s lives in nazi germany?

Answer 11

1) the mother’s cross rewarded for an amount of children e.g. 4 = bronze medal
2) marriage loan - parents got to keep 250 marks for every child they had
3) lebensborn - aryan women ‘donate’ a child to the fuhrer by getting pregnant from an aryan SS member
4) abortion and contraception was banned
5) sterilisation law 1933 - non-aryan women couldn’t have children

Question 12

what were the results of the nazi policies against women?

Answer 12

-marriages increased by 21% between 1933 and 1939
-in 1936 there was over 30% more births than 1933

Question 13

compare hitler youth for boys versus girls

Answer 13

-boys: training for the army, brainwashing, marching, camping, hiking, membership compulsory
-girls: preparing them for lives as wives and mothers - had to run 60m in 14 seconds, cook, sew, iron, must marry an aryan man - 3 Ks (kinder, kuche, kirche)

Question 14

what are the aims of the nazis towards women?

Answer 14

-stay at home
-look after the family
-breed more pure children
-kinder, kuche, kirche

Question 15

what was nazi education like?

Answer 15

-religious studies was stopped
-PE was doubled
-‘mein kampf’ was a textbook
-lessons began with a salute
-history books blamed the jews
-maths taught how to solve economic costs in germany
-teachers had to join the nazis teachers alliance

Question 16

what did the nuremberg laws of 1935 state?

Answer 16

-jewish people subject, not citizens
-jewish people banned from having sex with germans

Question 17

how many homosexuals were persecuted?

Answer 17

-4000 arrested in 1936
-over 5000 sent to camps

Question 18

how were gypsies persecuted?

Answer 18

-germans and gypsies couldn’t marry in 1935
-between 1936 and 1939, 35,000 were sent to camps

Question 19

what were the key events of the nazi persecution of jews?

Answer 19

1933 1st april: boycott business
1933: jews banned from public places
1935 september: nuremberg laws and reich law of citizenship
1936: banned from being doctors and lawyers
1938: had to register possessions
1938: had ID cards, banned from own shops and businesses, kicked out of schools and evicted

Question 20

when and what happened on the kristallnacht?

Answer 20

-9th and 10th of november 1938
-nazis destroy 7500 jewish businesses, burn 400 synagogues
-sent 25,000 jews to camps and 100 jews killed
-jews forced to pay 1 billion for the damage

Question 21

how did jews fled germany between 1933 to 1939 to flea persecution?

Answer 21

250,000

Question 22

what was the concordat and when did it end?

Answer 22

-1933 truce with catholics
-ended by 1937 when 400 catholics sent to camps

Question 23

what was the protestant church replaced with in 1936 and what did it feature?

Answer 23

-reich church
-nazi religion with mein kampf replacing bible
-cross replaced with swastika

Question 24

who led the reich church?

Answer 24

ludwig muller

Question 25

what was closed and banned when the protestant church was replaced?

Answer 25

-church schools closed -RE banned

Question 26

who were allowed to be teachers?

Answer 26

only nazis

Question 27

what nazi brainwash was taught in lessons?

Answer 27

-anti-jew -military success -anti-ToV

Question 28

what was considered important in nazi education?

Answer 28

-PE -history -race study

Question 29

what happened to jews within nazi educated?

Answer 29

bullied and excluded in 1938

Question 30

what is an example of a nazi school?

Answer 30

nazi leadership school

Question 31

what did nazi education teach boys?

Answer 31

military training

Question 32

what did nazi education teach girls?

Answer 32

-domestic science -health biology -motherhood studies

Question 33

what was the nazi youth for boys?

Answer 33

-hitler youth 14-18 -compulsory from 1936 and rose to 8 million members -prepared for army with camps, marching, fighting and nazi ideas

Question 34

what was the nazi youth for girls?

Answer 34

-league of german girls 14-18 -prepared for life in the home - cooking, sewing and cleaning -emphasis in fitness and health in preparation for being mothers

Question 35

what was nazi ideas for women?

Answer 35

-only 11% of university places given to women -lebensborn - have an aryan baby -mothers cross - 8 kids = gold medal -traditional clothing, focus on housework and raising nazi children

Question 36

what was nazi opposition within the church?

Answer 36

martin neimoller set up confessional church and was imprisoned

Question 37

what was nazi opposition within the youth?

Answer 37

-swing youth (listened to jazz, drank and wore US clothes) -edelweiss pirates

Question 38

how did the nazi’s use RAD (reich labour service) to solve unemployment?

Answer 38

-compulsory 18-25 men work for 6 months and built autobahns (7000km) with low pay and long hours -conscription - 1m men in army -fired jews / women -unemployment 0.5m in 1939

Question 39

how did the nazi’s use DAF (german labour front) to solve unemployment?

Answer 39

-banned trade unions -no strikes / changing jobs / had to join -workers lost work freedom -wages did rise 20% but hours increased from 43 to 49 per week

Question 40

how did the nazi’s use KDF (strength through joy) to solve unemployment?

Answer 40

-work leisure organisation -cheap holidays / trips / leisure -15 million attended trips in 1939 -beauty of labour improved working conditions

Question 41

what was the nazi superior race called?

Answer 41

aryan race

Question 42

who did the nazi remove and what were they called?

Answer 42

-jews / undesirables -called ‘untermensch’

Question 43

how did the nazis persecute gypsies?

Answer 43

44,000 sent to camps

Question 44

how did the nazis persecute homosexuals?

Answer 44

-no civil rights -sterilised -15,000 died in camps

Question 45

how did the nazis persecute the disabled?

Answer 45

-350,000 sterilised -200,000 euthanised

Question 46

what happened during the nazi persecution of the jews?

Answer 46

-1933: boycotted shops and jews sacked from gov. jobs -1933: nuremberg laws, jews cannot marry germans and can’t vote -1938: kristallnacht, 20,000 arrested, synagogues / shops smashed, 91 dead -1939: jewish business taken