The Time Bomb in the Laboratory

Question 1

Rigorous
/ˈrɪɡ.ɚ.əs/

Answer 1

Adjective:
Extremely thorough and careful (سختگیرانه، موشکافانه، دقیق، شدید).
“The rigorous testing of consumer products”.

Question 2

Stand up to SB/STH
/stænd/

Answer 2

Phrase:
To defend yourself against a powerful person or organization when they treat you unfairly (از خود دفاع کردن، در برابر چیزی یا کسی ایستادگی کردن).
“He wasn’t afraid to stand up to bullies”.

To not be changed or damaged by something (ثابت قدم بودن، تغییر نکردن، مقاومت کردن).
“Will the lorries stand up to the journey over rough roads?”

To deal effectively with a person or situation (جلوی کسی درآمدن، از پس کسی یا موقعیتی برآمدن، مقابل کسی یا شرایطی به طور موثر برخورد کردن).
“She stood up to her boss when he accused her of arriving late and leaving work early”.

Question 3

Cut the mustard
/ˈmʌs.tɚd/

Answer 3

Phrase:
The expression means to reach or surpass the desired standard or performance, often used negatively when something falls short of expectations or can’t perform adequately (در حد انتظارات یا فراتر از آن ظاهر شدن یا بودن).
“Your analysis and insights really cut the mustard. Well done!”

اگر به صورت منفی به کار برود می‌توان آن را «پشیزی ارزش ندارد» ترجمه کرد.
“Answering ‘because he chose to’ doesn’t cut the mustard”.

Question 4

Spontaneous
/spɑːnˈteɪ.ni.əs/

Answer 4

Adjective:
Happening or done in a natural, often sudden way, without any planning or without being forced (خود به خود، خودجوش و ناگهانی، فی البداهه، خودانگیخته).
“His jokes seemed spontaneous, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand”.
“What happened was not a spontaneous outburst of violence”.

Question 5

Probabilistic
/ˌprɑː.bə.bəlˈɪs.tɪk/

Answer 5

Adjective:
Based on or adapted to a theory of probability; subject to or involving chance variation (محتمل).
“The main approaches are either rule-based or probabilistic”.

Question 6

Crumb
/krʌm/

Answer 6

Noun:
A small fragment of bread, cake, or biscuit (خرده نان و کیک و بیسکویت و امثال آن).
“She brushed some cake crumbs off her dress”.

The soft inner part of a loaf of bread (خمیر وسط نان پخته، درونه‌ی نان).
“A morsel of crumb will often tempt a chub”.

A very small amount of something (ریزه، تکه، ذره، خرده).
“The Budget provided few crumbs of comfort”.

DEROGATORY•INFORMAL
An objectionable or contemptible person (حقیر، پست).
“He’s an absolute crumb”.

Verb:
Cover (food) with breadcrumbs (یک لایه خرده نان روی غذا ریختن).
“While the sweet potato is cooking, crumb the fish”.

Question 7

Discern
/dɪˈsɝːn/

Answer 7

Verb:
Recognize or find out (فهمیدن، تشخیص دادن).
“I can discern no difference between the two policies”.

Distinguish (someone or something) with difficulty by sight or with the other senses (با کمک حواس به تفاوت پی بردن، تمیز دادن).
“She could faintly discern the shape of a skull”.

Question 8

Copulate
/ˈkɑː.pjə.leɪt/

Answer 8

Verb:
Have sexual intercourse (مقاربت کردن، جماع کردن، آمیختن، جفت‌گیری کردن).
“Only the dominant male copulates with the female”.

Question 9

Anaemia
/əˈniː.mi.ə/

Answer 9

Noun:
A condition in which there is a deficiency of red cells or of haemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness (کم‌خونی، آنمی).
“The main symptoms of anaemia are tiredness and pallor”.

Question 10

Brush SB/STH aside
/brʌʃ/ /əˈsaɪd/

Answer 10

Phrase:
To refuse to consider something or someone seriously because you feel that they are not important (نادیده گرفتن).
“Every time I try to explain, you brush me aside as though nothing I say can have any value”.

Question 11

Turn the other cheek
/tʃiːk/

Answer 11

Phrase:
Refrain from retaliating when one has been attacked or insulted (از تلافی خودداری کردن، صبوری پیشه کردن، کظم غیظ کردن، مقابله به مثل نکردن).
“Neither nation is renowned for turning the other cheek”.

Question 12

Run-of-the-mill
/ˌrʌn.əv.ðəˈmɪl/

Answer 12

Adjective:
Lacking unusual or special aspects; ordinary (عادی، معمولی).
“A run-of-the-mill job”.

Question 13

Nirvana
/nɚˈvɑː.nə/

Answer 13

Noun:
A state of freedom from all suffering that Buddhists believe can be achieved by removing all personal wishes (نیروانا، ، رضایت کامل، رستگاری در اثر از بین بردن خواسته‌ها و شهوات).

A place of perfect peace and happiness, like heaven (فردوس، بهشت برین).
“They promised nirvana, but they are delivering chaos and cuts”.

A state of being perfect (بی‌نقص، کامل).
“I am not sure how “better policy integration” will be measured, and when we will know that we have reached that nirvana”.

Question 14

Coerce
/koʊˈɝːs/

Answer 14

Verb:
Persuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats (مجبور کردن، ناگزیر کردن، به کاری واداشتن).
“He was coerced into giving evidence”.

Obtain (something) from someone by using force or threats (به زور گرفتن، به زور به دست آوردن).
“Their confessions were allegedly coerced by torture”.

Question 15

Relapse
/rɪˈlæps/

Answer 15

Verb:
(Of a sick or injured person) deteriorate after a period of improvement (پس از یک دوره‌ی بهبودی رو به زوال گذاشتن، برگشتن، مجدد عود کردن، علائم بیماری مجدد بروز کردن).
“Two of the patients in remission relapsed after 48 months”.

Return to (a less active or a worse state) (فرو رفتن، تنزل یافتن، به حالتی بدتر بازگشتن).
“He relapsed into silence”.

Noun:
A deterioration in someone’s state of health after a temporary improvement (بروز مجدد بیماری، برگشت بیماری).
“He responded well to treatment, but then suffered a relapse”.

Question 16

Intrusive
/ɪnˈtruː.sɪv/

Answer 16

Adjective:
Affecting someone in a way that annoys them and makes them feel uncomfortable (آزارنده، مزاحمت، فضولی).
“She found some of the interviewer’s questions intrusive”.
“Investigative journalists are using ever more intrusive methods to reveal stories that are not in the public interest”.

Being involved in a situation where you are not wanted or do not belong (مداخله‌گر، ناخوانده).
“He’s fought for less intrusive government”.

GEOLOGY
Intrusive rock is formed when hot liquid rock cools and becomes solid inside the earth’s crust (= outer layer) (سنگ نفوذی).
“Granite is an intrusive igneous rock, that is formed from magma underground”.

Opposite:
Non-intrusive: غیرتهاجمی، غیرمستقیم، بدون فضولی.

Question 17

Cranium
/ˈkreɪ.ni.əm/

Answer 17

Noun:
The hard bone case that gives an animal’s or a human’s head its shape and protects the brain (جمجمه).
“The secondary burials consist almost exclusively of individual crania”.

Question 18

Inhibit
/ɪnˈhɪb.ɪt/

Answer 18

Verb:
Hinder, restrain, or prevent (an action or process) (بازداشتن، به تاخیر انداختن، منع کردن، محدود کردن).
“Cold inhibits plant growth”.

Make (someone) self-conscious and unable to act in a relaxed and natural way (ناتوانی در طبیعی عمل کردن با ایجاد حس خجالت در کسی).
“They felt inhibited by the presence of healthcare professionals”.

Question 19

Directorate
/dɪˈrek.tər.ət/

Answer 19

Noun:
The board of directors of a company (هیات مدیره).

A section of a government department in charge of a particular activity (اداره).
“The Food Safety Directorate”.

Question 20

Conclusive
/kənˈkluː.sɪv/

Answer 20

Adjective:
(Of evidence or argument) having or likely to have the effect of proving a case; decisive (قطعی، بی برو برگرد، مسلم).
“Conclusive evidence”.

(Of a victory) achieved easily or by a large margin (قاطع).
“A conclusive 5–O win”.

Question 21

Assailant
/əˈseɪ.lənt/

Answer 21

Noun:
A person who physically attacks another (مهاجم، حمله کننده).
“The police have no firm leads about the identity of his assailant”.

Question 22

Competence
/ˈkɑːm.pə.t̬əns/

Answer 22

Noun:
The ability to do something successfully or efficiently (صلاحیت، شایستگی، مهارت، تبحر، کارایی، کفایت).
“Courses to improve the competence of staff”.

Opposite:
Incompetence: بی‌لیاقتی، بی‌کفایتی.

Question 23

Tingle
/ˈtɪŋ.ɡəl/

Answer 23

Verb:
experience or cause to experience a slight prickling or stinging sensation (مورمور کردن یا شدن).
“She was tingling with excitement”.

Noun:
A slight prickling or stinging sensation (حس مورمور).
“A tingle of anticipation”.

Question 24

Brandish
/ˈbræn.dɪʃ/

Answer 24

Verb:
Wave or flourish (something, especially a weapon) as a threat or in anger or excitement (در هوا تکان دادن چیزی به نشانه تحدید و خشم، شمشیر یا اسلحه را به اهتزار در آوردن).
“A man leaped out brandishing a knife”.

Question 25

Pick off
/ˈpik-ˌȯf/

Answer 25

Phrase:
To aim carefully at a person, an animal or an aircraft, especially one of a group, and then shoot them (به دقت عضوی از یک گروه را نشانه گرفتن و شلیک کردن).
“The soldiers were picked off by snipers”.

Question 26

In (next to) no time
/taɪm/

Answer 26

Phrase:
Very quickly or very soon (در یک چشم بر هم زدن).
“The video has sold 30,000 copies in (next to) no time”.

Question 27

Amid
/əˈmɪd/

Answer 27

Preposition:
Surrounded by; in the middle of (در میان، در وسط، در حین، در بحبوحه‌ی، در گیرودار).
“Our dream home, set amid magnificent rolling countryside”.

Question 28

Inexplicable
/ˌɪn.ɪkˈsplɪk.ə.bəl/

Answer 28

Adjective:
Unable to be explained or accounted for (غیر قابل توضیح، لاینحل، توجیه ناپذیر).
“For some inexplicable reason her mind went completely blank”.

Question 29

Quizzical
/ˈkwɪz.ɪ.kəl/

Answer 29

Adjective:
(Of a person’s expression or behaviour) indicating mild or amused puzzlement (مضحک، مزاح‌آمیز، شگفت‌زده، پرسان).
“She gave me a quizzical look”.

Question 30

Articulate
/ɑːrˈtɪk.jə.lət/

Answer 30

Adjective:
Having or showing the ability to speak fluently and coherently (فصیح، شیوا، گویا).
“An articulate account of their experiences”.

TECHNICAL
Having joints or jointed segments (لولا‌دار، مفصلی).
“Delicate articulate plants with a slender central stem”.

Verb:
Pronounce (something) clearly and distinctly (شیوا تلفظ کردن، به وضوح بیان کردن).
“He articulated each word with precision”.

Form a joint (لولا تشکیل دادن).
“The mandible is a solid piece articulating with the head”.

Question 31

Placebo
/pləˈsiː.boʊ/

Answer 31

Noun:
A medicine or procedure prescribed for the psychological benefit to the patient rather than for any physiological effect (دارونما، شبه‌دارو).

A measure designed merely to humour or placate someone (دل‌خوش‌کنک، مایه‌ی تسکین).
“Pacified by the placebos of the previous year, they claimed a moral victory”.

Question 32

Ache
/eɪk/

Answer 32

Noun:
A continuous or prolonged dull pain in a part of one’s body (درد خفیف و طولانی).
“The ache in her head worsened”.

An emotion experienced with painful or bittersweet intensity (الم، شوق).
“An ache in her heart”.

Verb:
Suffer from a continuous dull pain (از درد خفیف و طولانی رنج بردن).
“My legs ached from the previous day’s exercise”.

Feel intense sadness or compassion (بی‌تاب بودن).
“She sat still and silent, her heart aching”.

Feel an intense desire for (مشتاق بودن).
“She ached for his touch”.

Question 33

Debunk
/ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/

Answer 33

Expose the falseness or hollowness of (an idea or belief) (پوچی ایده‌ای را برملا کردن، بی‌اعتبار کردن).
“She debunks all the usual rubbish about acting”.

Reduce the inflated reputation of (someone) (از شهرت اغراق‌آمیز کسی کاستن).
“Comedy takes delight in debunking heroes”.

Question 34

Permutation
/ˌpɝː.mjuːˈteɪ.ʃən/

Answer 34

Any of the various ways in which a set of things can be ordered (جایگشت).
“There are 120 permutations of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5: for example, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 or 5, 1, 4, 2, 3”.

One of several different forms (دگرگونی، تغییر کامل).
“The company has had five different names in its various permutations over the last few years”.

Question 35

In-dividual
/ɪn - də̇ˈvijəwəl/

Answer 35

Term:
The term “in-divide” is likely a play on words. It combines “individual” and “in-divide” to emphasize that being an individual means being indivisible (ناقسم‌پذیر، تقسیم‌ناپذیر).
“To be an individual means that I am in-dividual”.

Question 36

Heed
/hiːd/

Answer 36

Verb:
Pay attention to; take notice of (اعتنا کردن، وقع گذاشتن).
“He should have heeded the warnings”.

Noun:
Careful attention (وقع، اعتنا).
“if he heard, he paid no heed”.

Question 37

Clear-cut
/ˌklɪrˈkʌt/

Answer 37

Adjective:
Sharply defined; easy to perceive or understand (واضح، مبرهن، بی‌شک و شبهه).
“We now had a clear-cut objective”.

(Of an area) from which every tree has been cut down and removed (منطقه‌ای که درختان آن سراسری قطع شده باشد).
“Clear-cut forests are unappealing for recreation”.

Verb:
Cut down and remove every tree from (an area) (تمام درختان یک منطقه را قطع کردن، سراسری قطع کردن).
“Colonizers clear-cut large jungle tracts”.

Question 38

Epilepsy
/ˈep.ə.lep.si/

Answer 38

Noun:
A neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain (صرع).
“Problems were described for epilepsy, difficult behaviours and complex conditions”.

Question 39

Draughtsman
/ˈdræfts.mən/

Answer 39

Noun:
someone whose job is to do detailed drawings of machines, new buildings, etc (نقشه‌کش، طراح صنعتی).
“As a boy he showed marked taste for natural history and ability as a draughtsman”.

Question 40

Scrabble
/ˈskræb.əl/

Answer 40

Verb:
To use your fingers to quickly find something that you cannot see (به سرعت با انگشت دنبال چیزی ناپیدا گشتن).
“He was scrabbling in the sand searching for the ring”.

(Of an animal) scratch at something with its claws (با چنگال خراشیدن، پنجه کشیدن).
“A lonely dog was scrabbling at the door”.

Scramble or crawl quickly (وول زدن، لولیدن).
“Lizards scrabbling across the walls”.

Make great efforts to get somewhere or achieve something (دست و پا زدن، تقلا کردن).
“I had to scrabble around to find this apartment”.

Noun:
An act of scratching or scrambling for something (پنجه‌کشی، چنگ‌زنی).
“He heard the scrabble of claws behind him”.

TRADEMARK
A game in which players build up words on a board from small lettered squares or tiles (بازی اسکرابل).

Question 41

Eerie
/ˈɪr.i/

Answer 41

Adjective:
Strange and frightening (عجیب و رعب‌انگیز، وهم‌آلود، مورمور کننده).
“An eerie green glow in the sky”.

Question 42

Treasury bonds
/ˈtrɛʒəri bɒndz/

Answer 42

Noun:
Treasury bonds are debt securities issued by the government. Essentially, you’re loaning money to the government by purchasing a bond at a predetermined interest rate. In turn, the government will pay you a fixed interest rate for a set duration of time ().
“The government issued treasury bonds to raise funds for public projects”.

Question 43

Tug of war
/ˌtʌɡ əv ˈwɔːr/

Answer 43

Noun:
A contest in which two teams pull at opposite ends of a rope until one drags the other over a central line (طناب‌کشی).
“The children enjoyed playing tug of war at the school picnic”.

A situation in which two evenly matched people or factions are striving to keep or obtain the same thing (رقابت شانه به شانه، جدال تنگاتنگ، کشمکش).
“A tug of war between builders and environmentalists”.

Question 44

Border on something
/ˈbɔːrdər ɒn ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

Answer 44

Phrase:
If behaviour, a quality, or a feeling borders on something more extreme, it is almost that thing (پا به پا رفتن، شانه به شانه بودن، تنه به تنه‌ی چیزی زدن، دقیقا عین چیزی بودن).
“His suggestion borders on the ridiculous”.
“She possesses a self-confidence that borders on arrogance”.

Question 45

Yarn
/jɑːrn/

Answer 45

Noun:
Spun thread used for knitting, weaving, or sewing (کاموا).
“She was importing the most highly priced yarns on the market”.

INFORMAL
A long or rambling story, especially one that is implausible (آسمان ریسمان، داستان بافی، خزعبلات).
“He never let reality get in the way of a good yarn”.

Verb:
INFORMAL
Tell a long or implausible story (آسمان ریسمان بافتن، خزعبلات گفتن).
“They were yarning about local legends and superstitions”.

Question 46

Bowel
/ˈbaʊ.əl/

Answer 46

Noun:
The part of the alimentary canal below the stomach; the intestine (روده).
“He felt his bowels loosen”.

The deepest inner parts or areas of (something) (اندرون، عمق، ته).
“The mineshaft descended deep into the bowels of the earth”.

Question 47

Query
/ˈkwɪr.i/

Answer 47

Noun:
A question, especially one expressing doubt or requesting information (استفسار، جستار).
“If you have any queries please telephone our office”.

Verb:
Ask a question about something, especially in order to express one’s doubts about it or to check its validity or accuracy (استفسار کردن، سوال کردن).
“Many people queried whether any harm had been done”.

Question 48

Interval
/ˈɪn.t̬ɚ.vəl/

Answer 48

an intervening time (بازه، فاصله).
“After his departure, there was an interval of many years without any meetings”.

A pause or break in activity (وقفه، درنگ، مکث).
“There will be two 20-minute intervals during the opera”.

Question 49

Aggregate
/ˈæɡ.rə.ɡət/
/ˈæɡ.rə.ɡeɪt/

Answer 49

Noun:
/ˈæɡ.rə.ɡət/
A whole formed by combining several separate elements (مجموعه).
“The council was an aggregate of three regional assemblies”.

A material or structure formed from a mass of fragments or particles loosely compacted together (توده، انبوهه).
“The specimen is an aggregate of rock and mineral fragments”.

Adjective:
/ˈæɡ.rə.ɡət/
Formed or calculated by the combination of several separate elements; total (مجموع).
“The aggregate amount of grants made”.

Verb:
/ˈæɡ.rə.ɡeɪt/
Form or group into a class or cluster (انباشتن، گردآوردن، جمع کردن).
“Socio-occupational groups aggregate men sharing similar kinds of occupation”.

Question 50

Paediatric
/ˌpiː.diˈæt.rɪk/

Answer 50

Adjective:
Relating to the branch of medicine dealing with children and their diseases (طب اطفال و کودکان).
“The hospital’s paediatric ward”.

Question 51

Acclaim
/əˈkleɪm/

Answer 51

Verb:
Praise enthusiastically and publicly (تحسین کردن، مورد تحسین و تایید عمومی قرار گرفتن، مورد استقبال قرار گرفتن).
“The conference was acclaimed as a considerable success”.

Noun:
Enthusiastic and public praise (تحسین، تشویق، استقبال عمومی).
“She has won acclaim for her commitment to democracy”.

Question 52

Bacchanalia
/ˌba-kə-ˈnāl-yə/

Answer 52

Noun:
The Roman festival of Bacchus (باکانال جشنواره‌ای رومی به افتخار باکوس).

Drunken celebrations (مجلس باده‌گساری، مجلس عیش و نوش).
“The bacchanalia that marked the night”.

Question 53

Caveat
/ˈkæv.i.æt/

Answer 53

Noun:
A warning to consider something before taking any more action, or a statement that limits a more general statement (هشدار، اخطار، آماده‌باش، پیش‌بینی احتیاطی).
“He agreed to the interview, with the caveat that he could approve the final article”.
“There are a number of caveats which concern the validity of the assessment results”.

LAW
A notice, especially in a probate, that certain actions may not be taken without informing the person who gave the notice (نوعی آگهی قانونی).

Question 54

Intertwine
/ˌɪn.t̬ɚˈtwaɪn/

Answer 54

Verb:
Twist or twine together (در هم تنیدن، به هم تابیدن، در هم پیچیدن).
“A net made of cotton intertwined with other natural fibres”.

Connect or link (two or more things) closely (با هم جفت کردن، چفت هم کردن، با هم ادغام شدن).
“As with most traditions, fact and fiction have become inextricably intertwined”.

Adjective:
Intertwined
/ˌɪn·tərˈtwɑɪnd/
Twisted together or closely connected so as to be difficult to separate (در هم تنیده).
“Our fates seemed to be intertwined”.

Question 55

Feel like something/doing something
/fiːl, laɪk/

Answer 55

Phrase:
To have a wish for something, or to want to do something, at a particular moment (حوصله چیزی را داشتن، در مود چیزی یا کاری بودن).
“I feel like (going for) a swim”.
“If he doesn’t feel like getting dressed, he simply stays in his pyjamas all day”

Question 56

Plot
/plɑːt/

Answer 56

Noun:
A plan made in secret by a group of people to do something illegal or harmful, conspiracy (توطئه، دسیسه، تبانی).
“They have been jailed for their part in a plot to defraud a Swiss bank”.

The main events of a play, novel, film, or similar work, devised and presented by the writer as an interrelated sequence (طرح اصلی داستان).
“The plot consists almost entirely of a man and woman falling in love”.

A small piece of ground marked out for a purpose such as building or gardening (کَرت، قطعه زمین).
“A vegetable plot”.

A graph showing the relation between two variables (نمودار).

Verb:
Secretly make plans to carry out (an illegal or harmful action) (توطئه کردن، دسیسه چیدن).
“The two men are serving sentences for plotting a bomb campaign”.

Devise the sequence of events in (a play, novel, film, or similar work) (ترتیب رویدادها را ترسیم یا طرح کردن).
“She would plot a chapter as she drove”.

Mark (a route or position) on a chart (روی نمودار یا نقشه ترسیم کردن).
“He started to plot lines of ancient sites”.

Phrases:
Lose the plot — lose one’s ability to understand or cope with what is happening (سر نخ ماجرا را گم کردن، گیج شدن، از ماجرا پرت افتادن).
“Many people believe that he is feeling the strain or has lost the plot”.

Question 57

Couth
/kuːθ/

Answer 57

HUMOROUS
Adjective:
Cultured, refined, and well mannered (متمدن).
“It is more couth to hold your shrimp genteelly by the tail when eating”.

Noun:
good manners; refinement (نزاکت).
“He has no couth, no brains and doesn’t know the meaning of the word diplomacy”.

Question 58

Cling
/klɪŋ/

Answer 58

Verb:
Hold on tightly to (چسبیدن، رها نکردن، وفادار بودن، محکم نگه‌داشتن، در نزدیکی چیزی ماندن).
“She clung to Joe’s arm”.
“The smell of smoke clung to their clothes”.
“The fish cling to the line of the weed”.
“She clung resolutely to her convictions”.

Question 59

For all someone is worth
/wɝːθ/

Answer 59

Phrase:
As much as possible or with as much effort as possible (با تمام توان، تا جای ممکن، با همه‌ی قوا، تا آخرین نفس).
“He was fighting for all he was worth”.
“I ran for all I was worth”.

Question 60

Entente
/än-ˈtänt/

Answer 60

A friendly understanding or informal alliance between states or factions (توافق سیاسی).
“The emperor hoped to bring about an entente with Russia”.

The understanding between Britain and France reached in 1904, forming the basis of Anglo-French cooperation in the First World War (متفقین جنگ جهانی اول شامل انگلیس، فرانسه و روسیه).

این کلمه فرانسوی است و «آنتانت» تلفظ می‌شود.

Question 61

Vow
/vaʊ/

Answer 61

Verb:
Solemnly promise to do a specified thing (عهد کردن، سوگند یادکردن، پیمان بستن).
“The rebels vowed to continue fighting”.

ARCHAIC
Dedicate to someone or something, especially a deity (نذر کردن، نثار کردن).
“I vowed myself to this enterprise”.

Question 62

Redress
/rɪˈdres/

Answer 62

Verb:
Remedy or set right (an undesirable or unfair situation) (جبران کردن، اصلاح کردن، بازگرداندن، بازیابی کردن).
“The power to redress the grievances of our citizens”.

Noun:
Remedy or compensation for a wrong or grievance (جبران خسارت، اصلاح، غرامت).
“Those seeking redress for an infringement of public law rights”.

Phrases:
Redress the balance — restore equality in a situation (توازن برقرار کردن).
“An opportunity to redress the balance in their fortunes”.

Question 63

Walkover
/ˈwɑːkˌoʊ.vɚ/

Answer 63

Noun:
An easy victory (پیروزی سهل، برد قاطعانه).
“A 12–2 walkover”.

A victory awarded in a sports contest in the absence of the other competitor or competitors (as a result of injury, disqualification, etc.) (برد در نتیجه‌ی غیبت حریف).
“Both players were well rested after receiving walkovers when their opponents withdrew from the semi-finals”.

Question 64

Hurl
/hɝːl/

Answer 64

Verb:
Throw or impel (someone or something) with great force (پرتاب کردن، افکندن).
“Rioters hurled a brick through the windscreen”.

Utter (abuse) vehemently (یورش بردن، هجوم آوردن).
“The demonstrators hurled abuse at councillors”.

INFORMAL
Vomit (استفراق کردن).
“You make me want to hurl”.

Question 65

Soundly
/ˈsaʊnd.li/

Answer 65

Adverb:
In a way that is secure and reliable (حسابی، به قاعده).
“Their houses were soundly built”.

In a way that is based on valid reason or good judgement (مستدل، منطقی، محکم).
“there is soundly based reason for optimism”.

(With reference to sleep) deeply and without disturbance (خواب عمیق و بدون اخلال).
“I slept soundly for the first time since I’ve been here”.

In a thorough or decisive manner (شدیدا، قاطعانه).
“Jim was soundly defeated by his old opponent”.

Question 66

Underlie
/ˌʌn.dɚˈlaɪ/

Answer 66

Verb:
Be a significant cause or basis of (something) even if not necessarily manifest or obvious (زیربنای چیزی بودن، اساس چیزی بودن، شالوده‌ی چیزی بودن، زمینه‌ساز بودن).
“The fundamental issue that underlies the conflict”.

(Especially of a layer of rock or soil) lie or be situated under (something) (زیرلایه سنگ یا خاک).
“Limestone underlies much of the site”.

Question 67

Recipient
/rɪˈsɪp.i.ənt/

Answer 67

Noun:
A person or thing that receives or is awarded something (دریافت کننده، کسی یا چیزی که چیزی دریافت می‌کند).
“The recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize”.

Adjective:
receiving or capable of receiving something (گیرنده).
“A recipient country”.

Question 68

Daydream
/ˈdeɪ.driːm/

Answer 68

Noun:
A series of pleasant thoughts that distract one’s attention from the present (خیال خام، افکار پوچ، افکار خوشی که باعث حواس‌پرتی می‌شوند).
“She was lost in a daydream”.

Verb:
Indulge in a daydream (خیال‌پردازی کردن).
“Stop daydreaming and pay attention”.

Question 69

Dissonance
/ˈdɪs.ən.əns/

Answer 69

Noun:
Lack of harmony among musical notes (ناهم‌آهنگی بین نوت‌های موسیقی).
“An unusual degree of dissonance for such choral styles”.

Lack of agreement or harmony between people or things (ناهم‌خوانی، ناموزونی، ناسازگاری، اختلاف، ناهمگنی).
“The party faithful might be willing to put up with such dissonance among their candidates”.

Opposite:
Consonance.

Question 70

Erudite
/ˈer.jə.daɪt/

Answer 70

Adjective:
Having or showing great knowledge or learning (دانشمندانه، علمی).
“Ken could turn any conversation into an erudite discussion”.

Question 71

Somersault
/ˈsʌm.ɚ.sɑːlt/

Answer 71

Noun:
An acrobatic movement in which a person turns head over heels in the air or on the ground and lands or finishes on their feet (پشتک وارو، کله معلق، سالتو).
“A backward somersault”.

Verb:
Perform a somersault, or make a similar movement accidentally (پشتک وارو زدن، کله معلق زدن).
“His car somersaulted into a ditch”.