The Ocean Of Consciousness

Question 1

Madrasa
/məˈdræs.ə/

Answer 1

Noun:
plural noun: madrasas
A college for Islamic instruction (مکتب، حوزه علمیه، مدرسه‌ی دینی).
“But madrassas are not the only source of Pakistan’s Islamic education”.

Question 2

The Bible Belt
/ˈbaɪ.bəl ˌbelt/

Answer 2

Noun:
Those areas of the southern and middle western United States and western Canada where Protestant fundamentalism is widely practiced (کمربند انجیل، ایالت‌های جنوبی آمریکا که بنیادگرایی مذهبی در آن‌ها رواج دارد).
“I grew up in the Bible belt”.

Question 3

Guru
/ˈɡʊr.uː/

Answer 3

Noun:
A Hindu spiritual teacher (گورو، هیربَد).

INFORMAL
An influential teacher or popular expert (مرشد، پیشوا، ناصح، معلم).
“A management guru”.

Question 4

Revamp
/ˌriːˈvæmp/

Answer 4

Verb:
Give new and improved form, structure, or appearance to (به‌سازی کردن، نوسازی کردن).
“An attempt to revamp the museum’s image”.

Noun:
An act of improving the form, structure, or appearance of something (به‌سازی، نوسازی).
“The brand was given a $1 million revamp”.

A new and improved version (نسخه‌ی ارتقا یافته).
“The show was a revamp of an old idea”.

Question 5

Principality
/ˌprɪn.səˈpæl.ə.t̬i/

Answer 5

Noun:
A state ruled by a prince (گستره، امیرنشین، شاهزاده‌نشین، قلمرو).
“Monaco is a principality”.

Question 6

Laden
/ˈleɪ.dən/

Answer 6

Adjective:
Heavily loaded or weighed down (مملو، پر بار).
“A tree laden with apples”.

Question 7

Moth
/mɑːθ/

Answer 7

Noun:
An insect with two pairs of broad wings covered in microscopic scales, typically drably coloured and held flat when at rest. Moths are chiefly nocturnal, and lack the clubbed antennae of butterflies (شاپرک، شب‌پره).

A clothes moth (حشره‌ی بید).
“I store my sweaters in plastic bags to protect them from moths”.

Question 8

Slender
/ˈslen.dɚ/

Answer 8

Adjective:
(Of a person or part of the body) gracefully thin (لاغر، قلمی، باریک اندام، نازک).
“Her slender neck”.

(Of something abstract) barely sufficient in amount or basis (ضعیف، قلیل، اندک، ناچیز، بی‌پایه، کم‌ارزش).
“People of slender means”.

Question 9

Mole
/moʊl/

Answer 9

Noun:
A small burrowing mammal with dark velvety fur, a long muzzle, and very small eyes, feeding mainly on worms, grubs, and other invertebrates (موش کور).

A spy who gradually achieves an important position within the security defences of a country (عامل نفوذی، جاسوس).
“A well-placed mole was feeding them the names of operatives”.

A small, often slightly raised blemish on the skin made dark by a high concentration of melanin (خال).
“A mole on her arm had not been there at the beginning of the summer”.

A large solid structure on a shore serving as a pier, breakwater, or causeway (آب‌بند، موج‌شکن).

An abnormal mass of tissue in the uterus (توده‌ی غیرعادی در رَحِم).

Question 10

Character
/ˈker.ək.tɚ/

Answer 10

Noun:
The mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual (شخصیت، خلق و خو).
“Running away was not in keeping with her character”.

The distinctive nature of something (خصوصیت ویژه، حال و هوا).
“Gas lamps give the area its character”.

The quality of being individual in an interesting or unusual way (وجه تمایز، ویژگی خاص).
“The island is full of character”.

Strength and originality in a person’s nature (متانت، وقار).
“She had character as well as beauty”.

A person’s good reputation (آبرو، شهرت).
“To what do I owe this attack on my character?” (به چه گناهی اینطور دارد با آبروی من بازی می‌شود؟)

DATED
A written statement of someone’s good qualities; a testimonial (توصیه‌نامه).
“You are dismissed without a character”.

A person in a novel, play, or film (پرسوناژ).
“The author’s compassionate identification with his characters”.

INFORMAL
An unusual or amusing person (فرد متمایز، شخص خاص).
“She’s a right character with a will of her own”.

A printed or written letter or symbol (حروف یا علائم نوشتاری).

Verb:
Inscribe or write (something); describe (شرح دادن، توصیف کردن).
“You have well charactered him”.

Phrase:
In character — in keeping with someone’s usual pattern of behaviour and motives (مطابق با شخصیت).
“His outburst was entirely in character”.
Opposite: out of character.

Question 11

Antipode
/ˈæntɪˌpoʊd/

Answer 11

Noun:
The direct opposite of something (متضاد، کاملا متقابل).
“The pole and its antipode”.

Question 12

Cog
/kɑːɡ/

Answer 12

Noun:
A wheel or bar with a series of projections on its edge, which transfers motion by engaging with projections on another wheel or bar (دندانه‌ی چرخ‌دنده).
“The cogs and springs of a watch”.

A broadly built medieval ship with a rounded prow and stern (نوعی کشتی باستانی).

Verb:
Copy (someone else’s work) illicitly or without acknowledgement (تکثیر غیرقانونی).
“He’s away cogging his homework from Aggie’s wee girl”.

Phrase:
A cog in the machine — a small or insignificant member of a larger organization or system (مهره‌ای ناچیز در یک سیستم بودن).
“Copywriters have been seen as just a cog in the big advertising machine”.

Question 13

Secrete
/sɪˈkriːt/

Answer 13

Verb:
(Of a cell, gland, or organ) produce and discharge (a substance) (ترشح کردن، تراویدن).
“Insulin is secreted in response to rising levels of glucose in the blood”.

Conceal; hide (نهفتن، پنهان کردن).
“The assets had been secreted in Swiss bank accounts”.

Question 14

Olfactory
/ɑːlˈfæk.ter.i/

Answer 14

Adjective:
Relating to the sense of smell (بویایی، شامه‌ای، مربوط به حس بویایی).
“The olfactory organs”.

Question 15

Intently
/ɪnˈtent.li/

Answer 15

Adverb:
With earnest and eager attention (به دقت، مشتاقانه).
“He gazed at her intently”.

Question 16

Nuance
/ˈnuː.ɑːns/

Answer 16

Noun:
A subtle difference in or shade of meaning, expression, or sound (ریزه‌کاری، ظرافت، فحوا).
“He was familiar with the nuances of the local dialect”.

Verb:
Give nuances to (ظرافت بخشیدن، فحوا دادن).
“The effect of the music is nuanced by the social situation of listeners”.

Question 17

Lucid
/ˈluː.sɪd/

Answer 17

Adjective:
Expressed clearly; easy to understand (واضح، روشن، گویا، فصیح، قابل فهم).
“A lucid account”.

Showing or having the ability to think clearly, especially in intervals between periods of confusion or insanity (وضعیت هوشیاری، وضعیت عاقلانه بین دوره‌های گیجی یا جنون).
“He has a few lucid moments every now and then”.

PSYCHOLOGY
(Of a dream) experienced with the dreamer feeling awake, aware of dreaming, and able to control events consciously (رویای آگاهانه، وضعیت اطلاع از رویابینی و توانایی کنترل جریان رویا).
“During the lucid dream, she realized she could change the scenery at will”.

LITERARY
Bright or luminous (روشن، نورانی، منور، زلال).
“Birds dipped their wings in the lucid flow of air”.

Question 18

Misgiving
/ˌmɪsˈɡɪv.ɪŋ/

Answer 18

Noun:
A feeling of doubt or apprehension about the outcome or consequences of something (شک، تردید، دلواپس، دلشوره، نگرانی برای آخر و عاقبت یک موضوع).
“We have misgivings about the way the campaign is being run”.

Question 19

Cut someone short
/kʌt/

Answer 19

Phrase:
Interrupt someone or something; bring an abrupt or premature end to something said or done (در میان حرف کسی پریدن، حرف کسی را قطع کردن).
“Peter cut him short rudely”.

Question 20

Gnaw
/nɑː/

Answer 20

Verb:
Bite at or nibble something persistently (خسیدن، خاییدن، مدام گاز زدن).
“Watching a dog gnaw at a big bone”.

Bite at or nibble (something) so as to wear it away (با خسیدن چیزی را ساییدن).
“The grubs tunnel into the wood and gnaw it away”.

Cause persistent distress or anxiety (دائما سبب پریشانی یا اضطراب شدن).
“The doubts continued to gnaw at me”.

——————
Gnawing
Adjective:
Persistently worrying or distressing (دائما پریشان یا مضطرب کننده).
“That gnawing pain in her stomach”.

Question 21

Knack
/næk/

Answer 21

Noun:
An acquired or natural skill at doing something (مهارت، هنر، فوت و فن).
“He had a knack for communicating”.

A tendency to do something (استعداد، توانایی انجام کاری).
“John had the enviable knack of falling asleep anywhere”.

Question 22

Stifle
/ˈstaɪ.fəl/

Answer 22

Verb:
Make (someone) unable to breathe properly; suffocate (خفه کردن).
“Those in the streets were stifled by the fumes”.

Restrain (a reaction) or stop oneself acting on (an emotion) (واکنش به احساسات را سرکوب کردن، فرو خوردن).
“She stifled a giggle”.

Noun:
A joint in the legs of horses, dogs, and other animals, equivalent to the knee in humans (مفصلی مانند زانو در حیوانات).

Question 23

One-size-fits-all
/ˌwʌn.saɪz.fɪtsˈɑːl/

Answer 23

Adjective:
Suitable for or used in all circumstances (همه‌شمول، یک کلید برای همه‌ی مشکلات).
“People want greater choice—the end of a one-size-fits-all approach”.

Question 24

Appall
/əˈpɔːl/

Answer 24

Verb:
Greatly dismay or horrify (هراسیدن، وحشت کردن).
“Bankers are appalled at the economic incompetence of some ministers”.
“Humanists are often appalled by this approach”.

Question 25

Pass judgement on SB/STH
/ˈdʒʌdʒ.mənt/

Answer 25

Idiom:
To express a strong opinion about someone or something (اظهار نظر و قضاوت کردن).
“Don’t pass judgment on Lori until you hear what happened”.

Question 26

Diatribe
/ˈdaɪ.ə.traɪb/

Answer 26

Noun:
A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something (زخم‌زبان، سخت توهین‌آمیز).
“A diatribe against consumerism”.

Question 27

Closet
/ˈklɑː.zɪt/

Answer 27

Noun:
A tall cupboard or wardrobe with a door, used for storage (قفسه، کمد، اشکاف، گنجه).
“He has a closet full of designer suits”.

A small room, especially one used for storing things or for private study (پستو، اتاقک، اتاق کوچکی برای انباری یا مطالعه).

Used to refer to a state of secrecy or concealment, especially about one’s homosexuality (اختفای گرایش جنسی).
“His brother’s decision to come out of the closet”.

Adjective:
Secret; covert (نهانی، مخفی، پنهانی).
“A closet smoker”.

Verb:
To arrange to meet privately with someone where you will not be interrupted (ملاقات محرمانه، دیدار خصوصی).
“The president and his advisers closeted themselves with the congressional leadership”.

To put yourself in a place, especially a closed space, and stay there (انزوا گزیدن، در کنجی خلوت کردن).
“Two weeks before my exams I closeted myself in my room with my books and I didn’t speak to anyone”.

Shut (someone) away, especially in private conference or study (جلسه یا ملاقات یا مطالعه خصوصی داشتن).
“He was closeted with the king”.

Question 28

Umbilical cord
/ʌmˈbɪl.ɪ.kəl ˌkɔːrd/

Answer 28

Noun:
A flexible cordlike structure containing blood vessels and attaching a human or other mammalian fetus to the placenta during gestation (بند ناف).
“The nurse cut the baby’s umbilical cord”.

——————
Umbilicus: ناف, navel.
Cord: ریسمان، قیطان، طنابی است نازک‌تر و کوتاه‌تر مانند بند کفش مناسب کارهای سبک.

Question 29

Venerate
/ˈven.ɚ.eɪt/

Answer 29

Verb:
Regard with great respect; revere (ستودن، تکریم کردن).
“Philip of Beverley was venerated as a saint”.