The Great Decoupling

Question 1

Requisite
/ˈrek.wə.zɪt/

Answer 1

Adjective:
Made necessary by particular circumstances or regulations (مورد نیاز، بایا، لازم).
“The application will not be processed until the requisite fee is paid”.

Noun:
A thing that is necessary for the achievement of a specified end (لازمه، لزوم).
“She believed privacy to be a requisite for a peaceful life”.

Question 2

Lint
/lɪnt/

Answer 2

Noun:
Short, fine fibres which separate from the surface of cloth or yarn during processing (کرک، پرز، ضایعات پنبه).
“Some fabrics leave tiny specks of lint on the glass”.

A fabric, originally of linen, with a raised nap on one side, used for dressing wounds (پارچه‌ی بانداژ پنبه‌ای).
“He smeared ointment on a strip of lint”.

Question 3

Linen
/ˈlɪn.ɪn/

Answer 3

Noun:
Cloth woven from flax (کتان، پارچه‌ی کتانی).
“A linen suit”.

Question 4

Shed
/ʃed/

Answer 4

Noun:
A simple roofed structure used for garden storage, to shelter animals, or as a workshop (الونک، اتاقک).
“A bicycle shed”.

A larger structure for storing or maintaining vehicles or other machinery (انباری).
“A shed is required for the three engines”.

Verb:
Park (a vehicle) in a depot* (در انبار پارک کردن).
“The buses were temporarily shedded in that depot”.
*depot: انبار، دپو.

(Of a tree or other plant) allow (leaves or fruit) to fall to the ground (خزان کردن، ریختن میوه و برگ از درخت).
“Both varieties shed leaves in winter”.

(Of a reptile, insect, etc.) allow (its skin or shell) to come off, to be replaced by another one that has grown underneath (پوست‌انداختن).

Take off (clothes) (لباس در آوردن).
“We shed our jackets”.

Discard (something undesirable, superfluous, or outdated) (چیزی نامطلوب، زائد یا قدیمی را حذف کردن، دور انداختن، حذف کردن).
“Many firms use relocation as an opportunity to shed jobs”.

Cast or give off (light) (نور تاباندن، ساطع کردن، رخشاندن).
“The full moon shed a watery light on the scene”.

BRITISH
Accidentally allow (something) to fall off or spill (چیزی اتفاقی ریختن).
“A lorry* shed its load of steel bars”.
*lorry: کامیون، ماشین باری.

Phrase:
Shed blood — be injured or killed; kill or injure someone (خون ریختن).
“As the father of a US Marine who has shed blood in combat, I find this disrespectful”.
“They are shedding the blood of innocent people”.

Shed tears — weep; cry (اشک ریختن).

Question 5

Total war
/ˈtoʊ.t̬əl, wɔːr/

Answer 5

Noun:
Military conflict in which the contenders are willing to make any sacrifice in lives and other resources to obtain a complete victory, as distinguished from limited war (جنگ تمام عیار).
“Despite his strong distaste for war, Lincoln was not afraid to wage total war to achieve total victory”.

Question 6

Betake
/bɪˈteɪk/

Answer 6

Verb:
LITERARY
go to (خود را به جایی بردن، خود را به جایی رساندن).
“I shall betake myself to my lodgings”
“He hastily betook himself to the top of the house.”

Question 7

Proclaim
/proʊˈkleɪm/

Answer 7

Verb:
Announce officially or publicly (رسما اعلام کردن، علنی معرفی کردن**).
“They proclaimed that housing shortages would be solved within ten years”.
“He proclaimed King James II as King of England”.

Say something emphatically; declare (با قاطعیت گفتن).
“She proclaimed that what I had said was untrue”.

Indicate clearly (دلالت کردن، مبین بودن).
“His high, intelligent forehead proclaimed a strength of mind that was almost tangible”.

Question 8

Conscription
/kənˈskrɪp.ʃən/

Answer 8

Noun:
Compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces (خدمت وظیفه‌ی عمومی).
“Conscription was extended to married men”.

Question 9

Quibble
/ˈkwɪb.əl/

Answer 9

Noun:
A slight objection or criticism about a trivial matter (خرده‌گیری، ایرادگیری).
“The only quibble about this book is the price”.

Verb:
Argue or raise objections about a trivial matter (خرده گرفتن، ایراد گرفتن، بحث و جدل کردن، کل کل کردن).
“They are always quibbling about the amount they are prepared to pay”.

Question 10

Autocrat
/ˈɑː.t̬ə.kræt/

Answer 10

Noun:
A ruler who has absolute power (خودکامه، دیکتاتور، حاکم مطلق، اُتوکرات، تک‌سالار).
“Like many autocrats, Franco found the exercise of absolute power addictive”.

Question 11

Legislation
/ˌledʒ.əˈsleɪ.ʃən/

Answer 11

Noun:
Laws, considered collectively (قانون، حقوق، قانون‌گزاری، قوانین عمومی).
“Housing legislation”.

Question 12

Commission
/kəˈmɪʃ.ən/

Answer 12

Noun:
an instruction, command, or role given to a person or group (دستورالعمل یا فرمان یا وظیفه‌ی محوله به یک شخص یا گروه).
“One of his first commissions was to redesign the Great Exhibition building”.

An order for something, especially a work of art, to be produced specially (سفارش هنری).
“Mozart at last received a commission to write an opera”.

A group of people entrusted by a government or other official body with authority to do something (کمیسیون، گروه نمایندگان دولتی، گماشتگان).
“A commission was appointed to investigate the allegations”.

A sum, typically a set percentage of the value involved, paid to an agent in a commercial transaction (کارمزد، حق‌الزحمه).
“Foreign banks may charge a commission”.

A warrant conferring the rank of officer in an army, navy, or Air Force (حکم انتصاب یا اعطای درجه).
“He has resigned his commission”.

The action of committing a crime or offence (ارتکاب جرم).
“The commission of an arrestable offence”.

Verb:
Order or authorize the production of (something) (مجوز یا سفارش تولید چیزی را صادر کردن).
“The portrait was commissioned by his widow in 1792”.
“They commissioned an architect to manage the building project”.

Bring (something newly produced) into working condition (تجهیزات جدید را در سرویس قرار دادن یا راه‌اندازی کردن).
“We had a few hiccups getting the heating equipment commissioned”.

Appoint (someone) to the rank of officer in an army, navy, or air force (درجه اعطا کردن یا ارتقا دادن).
“He was commissioned into the Royal Fusiliers”.

Phrase:
Out of commission — not in service; not in working order (از کار افتاده، خارج از سرویس).
“My car is out of commission until a new clutch arrives”.

Question 13

Almighty
/ɑːlˈmaɪ.t̬i/

Answer 13

Adjective:
Having complete power; omnipotent (قادر متعال).
“I swear by almighty God”.

Noun:
A name or title for God (خداوند توانا).
“I wanted to beg the Almighty for mercy”.

Question 14

Franchise
/ˈfræn.tʃaɪz/

Answer 14

Noun:
An authorization granted by a government or company to an individual or group enabling them to carry out specified commercial activities, for example acting as an agent for a company’s products (جواز، مجوز، حق نمایندگی، انحصار، امتیاز، جواز قانونی، فرانشیز).
“Toyota granted the group a franchise”.

The right to vote in public elections (حق رای).
“The franchise was limited to Estonian citizens”.

Verb:
Grant a franchise to (an individual or group) (مجوز دادن، امتیاز دادن، حق رای دادن، مجوز نمایندگی اعطا کردن).
“A franchised dealer”.

Question 15

In the wake of
/weɪk/

Answer 15

Phrase:
Following (someone or something), especially as a consequence (پیروِ، در پیِ).
“The committee was set up in the wake of the inquiry”.

Question 16

Suffrage
/ˈsʌf.rɪdʒ/

Answer 16

Noun:
The right to vote in political elections (حق رای).
“Universal adult suffrage”.
Universal suffrage (= the right of all adults to vote).

(In the Book of Common Prayer) the intercessory petitions pronounced by a priest in the Litany (استدعا، دعا).

Question 17

Render
/ˈren.dɚ/

Answer 17

Verb:
Provide or give (a service, help, etc.) (فراهم کردن، ارائه کردن، عرضه کردن).
“Money serves as a reward for services rendered”.

Deliver (a verdict or judgement) (حکم قضایی صادر کردن، رای ابلاغ کردن).
“The jury’s finding amounted to the clearest verdict yet rendered upon the scandal”.

LITERARY
Give up; surrender (تسلیم شدن یا کردن).
“He will render up his immortal soul”.

Cause to be or become; make (ساختن، کردن، شدن، سبب شدن یا کردن).
“The rains rendered his escape impossible”.

Represent or depict artistically (هنرمندانه عرضه یا تصویر کردن، هنرمندانه بازپردازی کردن، نقش کردن).
“The eyes and the cheeks are exceptionally well rendered”.

Perform (a piece of music) (نواختن).
“A soprano solo reverently rendered by Linda Howie”.

Translate (ترجمه کردن).
“The phrase was rendered into English”.

Melt down (fat) in order to clarify it (چربی را ذوب و پالایش کردن).
“The fat was being cut up and rendered for lard*”.
*lard: پیه‌ی خوک، چربی حیوانی.

Cover (stone or brick) with a coat of plaster (گچ‌کاری کردن).
“External walls will be rendered and tiled”.

COMPUTING
Process (an outline image) using colour and shading in order to make it appear solid and three-dimensional (تصویر پرداخت کردن، ایجاد تصویر سه بعدی با کامپیوتر).
“He is forced to render images by intermixing pixels of a few basic colours”.

Noun:
A first coat of plaster applied to a brick or stone surface (گچ دیوار).

Question 18

Cannon fodder
/ˈkæn.ən ˌfɑː.dɚ/

Answer 18

Noun:
Soldiers regarded merely as material to be expended in war (گوشت جلوی گلوله، خوراک توپ، گوشت دم توپ).
“They ended up serving as cannon fodder in Vietnam”.

Fodder: علوفه، علف، غذا دادن.

Question 19

Pillage
/ˈpɪl.ɪdʒ/

Answer 19

Verb:
Rob a (place) using violence, especially in wartime (غارت کردن، چپاول کردن).
“The abbey was plundered and pillaged”.

Noun:
The action of pillaging a place or property, especially in war (غارت، چپاول، تاراج).
“Rebellious peasants intent on pillage”.

Question 20

Sobering
/ˈsoʊ.bɚ.ɪŋ/

Answer 20

Adjective:
Creating a more serious, sensible, or solemn mood (تکان دهنده، هشدار دهنده، هشیار کننده).
“A sobering thought”.

Sober: هشیار، عاقل، کسی که تحت تاثیر الکل نمی‌باشد.

Question 21

Awe
/ɑː/

Answer 21

Noun:
A feeling of reverential respect mixed with fear or wonder (ترس توام با احترام، هیبت).
“They gazed in awe at the small mountain of diamonds”.

Verb:
Inspire with awe (هیبت‌زده شدن، به ابهت چیزی پی بردن، در عجب فرو رفتن، تکریم کردن، حس ترس توام با احترام داشتن).
“They were both awed by the vastness of the forest”.

Awestruck
/ˈɑː.strʌk/

Adjective:
Filled with or revealing awe (حیرت‌زده، بهت‌زده، شگفت‌زده).
“People were awestruck by the pictures sent back to earth”.

Question 22

Marionette
/ˌmer.i.əˈnet/

Answer 22

Noun:
A puppet worked by strings (عروسک خیمه‌شب‌بازی).
“The bird bobs* up and down like a marionette”.
*bob: ورجه وورجه کردن، بالا پایین پریدن، جست و خیز کردن.

A person who is easily manipulated or controlled (بازیچه‌ی دست دیگران).
“Many officers dismissed him as the mayor’s marionette”.

Question 23

Do away with
/də, əˈweɪ, wɪð/

Answer 23

Phrase:
INFORMAL
Remove or put an end to something (نابود کردن، منسوخ کردن، از بین بردن، کنار گذاشتن).
“Some airlines have done away with reclining seats”.

Kill someone (کُشتن، به قتل رساندن).
“She didn’t have the courage to do away with him”.

————————
Irrelevant!!
“Off with his head”. (سر از بدنش جدا کنید)

Question 24

White-collar
/ˌwaɪtˈkɑː.lɚ/

Answer 24

Adjective:
Relating to the work done or the people who work in an office or other professional environment (پشت میز نشین، کار دفتری، کارمند اداری).
“These days, few white-collar workers actually wear white shirts”.

Denoting non-violent crime committed by white-collar workers, especially fraud (تخلف اداری خصوصا کلاه‌برداری).

Opposite:
Blue-collar (کار یدی، کارگر).

Question 25

Hoax
/hoʊks/

Answer 25

Noun:
A humorous or malicious deception (کلک سرکاری، شوخی خرکی، حقه، کلک).
“The evidence had been planted as part of an elaborate hoax”.

Verb:
Trick or deceive (someone); play a practical joke on (شوخی خرکی کردن، گول زدن، دست انداختن، سر کار گذاشتن).

Question 26

Impassioned
/ɪmˈpæʃ.ənd/

Answer 26

Adjective:
Filled with or showing great emotion (پر شور و حرارت).
“She made an impassioned plea for help”.

Question 27

Loophole
/ˈluːp.hoʊl/

Answer 27

Noun:
An ambiguity or inadequacy in the law or a set of rules (راه در رو، مفر، راه گریز مالیاتی یا قانونی، کلاه شرعی یا قانونی).
“They exploited tax loopholes”.

HISTORICAL
An arrow slit in a wall (مَزغَل، منفذ دیوار قلعه برای پرتاب تیر).

Verb:
Make arrow slits in (a wall) (در دیوار مزغل ساختن).
“The walls of the barracks were loopholed for muskets”.

Question 28

Gargantuan
/ɡɑːrˈɡæn.tʃu.ən/

Answer 28

Adjective:
Enormous (عظیم، غول پیکر، کلان).
“A gargantuan appetite”.
“A gargantuan business contract”.

Question 29

Eventual
/ɪˈven.tʃu.əl/

Answer 29

Adjective:
Occurring or existing at the end of or as a result of a process or period of time (احتمالی، پیامد، پایانی، نهایی).
“It’s impossible to predict the eventual outcome of the competition”.

——————
Eventually: (Adverb)
در نهایت، بالاخره، سرانجام.

——————
Eventuality: (Noun)
احتمال، امکان.

Question 30

Fair game
/ˌfer ˈɡeɪm/

Answer 30

Noun:
A person or thing that is considered a reasonable target for criticism, exploitation, or attack (لقمه‌ی چرب و نرم، طعمه‌ی آسان و آماده).
“When it came to practical jokes, he regarded anybody as fair game”.

Question 31

Cholera
/ˈkɑː.lɚ.ə/

Answer 31

Noun:
An infectious and often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies and causing severe vomiting and diarrhea (وبا).
“Since 1817, seven cholera pandemics have been recorded”.

Question 32

Cross-reference
/ˌkrɑːsˈref.ɚ.əns/

Answer 32

Noun:
A reference to another text or part of a text, typically given in order to elaborate on a point (ارجاع).
“I have to correct the page proofs and check the cross-references”.

Verb:
Provide with cross references (ارجاع دادن).
“Entries are fully cross-referenced”.

Question 33

Meagre
/ˈmiː.ɡɚ/

Answer 33

Adjective:
(Of something provided or available) lacking in quantity or quality (ناچیز، اندک، بی‌مقدار).
“They were forced to supplement their meagre earnings”.

(Of a person or animal) lean; thin (لاغر، نحیف، نزار).
“A tall, meagre man”.

Question 34

Malady
/ˈmæl.ə.di/

Answer 34

Noun:
A disease or ailment (بیماری، مرض، کسالت، ناخوشی).
“An incurable malady”.

A serious problem (گرفتاری، مشکل بغرنج).
“The nation’s maladies”.

Question 35

Jeopardy
/ˈdʒep.ɚ.di/

Answer 35

Noun:
Danger of loss, harm, or failure (مخاطره، سیج، ورطه).
“The whole peace process is in jeopardy”.

Question 36

Groom
/ɡruːm/

Answer 36

Verb:
Brush and clean the coat of (a horse, dog, or other animal) (مهتری کردن، تیمار کردن).
“The horses were groomed and taken to shows”.

Prepare or train (someone) for a particular purpose or activity (آماده کردن، مهیا کردن، برای کاری خاص آموزش یا آماده کردن).
“Star pupils who are groomed for higher things”.

Give a neat and tidy appearance to (someone) (آراستن).
“Keeping oneself groomed is important and can have a positive impact on one’s attitude”.

Form a relationship with (a child or young person) with the intention of sexually assaulting them or inducing them to commit an illegal act such as selling drugs or joining a terrorist organization (اغفال کردن).
“He groomed a 14-year-old girl online while pretending to be a former soldier”.

Noun:
A person employed to take care of horses (مهتر).

A bridegroom (داماد).
“The tradition is said to bring good luck to the bride and groom”.

Question 37

Intestine
/ɪnˈtes.tɪn/

Answer 37

Noun:
(In vertebrates) the lower part of the alimentary canal from the end of the stomach to the anus (روده، دل و روده).
“The contents of the intestine”.

Question 38

Hypochondriac
/ˌhaɪ.poʊˈkɑːn.dri.æk/

Answer 38

Noun:
A person who is abnormally anxious about their health (خود بیمار انگار، بیماری هراس).
“She’s a terrible hypochondriac - she’s always at the doctor’s”.

Question 39

Ilk
/ɪlk/

Answer 39

Noun:
A type of person or thing similar to one already referred to (هم‌نوع، همانند، مثل کسی یا چیزی، هم‌گونه).
“The veiled suggestions that reporters of his ilk seem to be so good at”.

Question 40

Adverse
/ædˈvɝːs/

Answer 40

Adjective:
Preventing success or development; harmful; unfavorable (ناسازگار، نامساعد، مضر، مغایر).
“Taxes are having an adverse effect on production”.

Question 41

Ware
/wer/

Answer 41

Noun:
Pottery, typically that of a specified type (سفالینه).
“Blue-and-white majolica ware”.

Articles offered for sale (متاع، کالا، جنس).
“Traders in the street markets displayed their wares”.

Adjective:
ARCHAIC
aware (آگاه، مطلع، باخبر).
“Thou speak’st wiser than thou art ware of” (تو از آنچه که فکر می‌کنی عاقلانه‌تر سخن می‌گویی).

Exclamation: (بانگ، ندا، فریاد)
Used as a warning cry, typically during a hunt (فریاد هشدار، آهای).
“‘Ware!’ the warden cried, rousing the crew”.

Question 42

Introvert
/ˈɪn.trə.vɝːt/

Answer 42

Noun:
A shy, reticent person (درون‌گرا).
“I’m an introvert and don’t like public speaking”

Adjective:
another term for introverted (درون‌گرایی).

Opposite:
Extrovert

Question 43

Abacus
/ˈæb.ə.kəs/

Answer 43

Noun:
A simple device for calculating, consisting of a frame with rows of wires or grooves along which beads are slid (چرتکه).
“At these schools children worked on an abacus to learn basic mathematics”.

Question 44

Pre-eminence
/ˌpriːˈem.ə.nəns/

Answer 44

Noun:
The fact of surpassing all others; superiority (برتری).
“The Edinburgh Festival maintains its pre-eminence because of the quality of its programming”.

Eminence: عالیجناب، والامقام، بزرگی، شایستگی، برتری.

Question 45

Lay to rest
/leɪ/

Answer 45

Lay something to rest
Idiom:
Stop doubt, uncertainty, or anxiety by resolving or explaining an issue (خاتمه دادن).
“Suspicion will be laid to rest by fact rather than hearsay”.

Lay someone to rest
Idiom:
To bury a dead person (دفن کردن، مدفون ساختن، به خاک سپردن).
“She was laid to rest next to her husband”.

Question 46

Scout
/skaʊt/

Answer 46

Noun:
A soldier or other person sent out ahead of a main force so as to gather information about the enemy’s position, strength, or movements (پیش‌آهنگ، نیروی شناسایی).
“Forward scouts reported that the enemy were massing at two points ahead”.

An instance of gathering information, especially by reconnoitring an area (شناسایی، جاسوسی، تجسس).
“I returned from a lengthy scout round the area”.

A ship or aircraft employed for reconnaissance, especially a small, fast aircraft (کشتی یا هواپیمای شناسایی).
“a single-seater scout”.

DATED•INFORMAL
A man or boy (مرد، پسر).
“I’ve got nothing against old Adrian—he’s a good scout”.

Verb:
Make a search for someone or something in various places (تجسس کردن، به دنبال کسی یا چیزی مناطق مختلف را جستجو کردن).
“I was sent to scout around for a place to park the camper”.

Reject (a proposal or idea) with scorn (تسخر زدن، استهزا کردن، با تمسخر رد کردن).
“He scouts the claim that the aristocrats cared much for the art treasures their ancestors had bought”.

Phrase:
Scout’s honour — the oath taken by a Scout (سوگند پیش‌آهنگی).

Question 47

Fetch
/fetʃ/

Answer 47

Verb:
Go for and then bring back (someone or something) for someone (رفتن و چیزی یا کسی را برای شخصی آوردن، رفتن و آوردن).
“He ran to fetch help”.

Achieve (a particular price) when sold (به نرخ خاصی دست یافتن).
“The land could fetch over a million pounds”.

Noun:
The distance travelled by wind or waves across open water (مسافت پیموده شده توسط باد یا موج بر سطح آب‌های آزاد).

The apparition or double of a living person, formerly believed to be a warning of that person’s impending death (شبه، روح).
“I saw a fetch who looked like me”.

Phrase:
Fetch and carry — perform a succession of menial tasks for someone as if one was their servant (پا دویی کردن).
“She’s always fetching and carrying for her boss – I don’t know how she puts up with it”.

Fetch up — arrive or come to rest somewhere, typically by accident or unintentionally (اتفاقی از جایی سر در آوردن).
“All four of them fetched up in the saloon bar of the Rose and Crown”.

Question 48

The cream of something
/kriːm/

Answer 48

Idiom:
The best of a particular group of things or people (گل سر سبد، بهترین).
“The cream of this year’s graduates have gone abroad for jobs”.

Question 49

Arcane
/ɑːrˈkeɪn/

Answer 49

Adjective:
Understood by few; mysterious or secret (مرموز، سری، پنهان، مخفیانه).
“Arcane procedures for electing people”.

Question 50

Old-timer
/ˈoʊldˌtaɪ.mɚ/

Answer 50

Noun:
A very experienced or long-serving person (باسابقه، پیش‌کسوت، قدیمی، باتجربه، مسن).
“Old-timers could reminisce about the days before fax machines”.

Question 51

Transgress
/trænzˈɡres/

Answer 51

Verb:
Go beyond the limits of (what is morally, socially, or legally acceptable) (از حد و حدود تجاوز کردن، پا فرا نهادن، پا از گلیم درازتر کردن، تجاوز کردن، تخطی کردن).
“She had transgressed an unwritten social law”.

Question 52

Intimate
/ˈɪn.tə.mət/

Answer 52

Adjective:
Closely acquainted; familiar (صمیمی، عمیق).
“Intimate friends”.
“Intimate experiences”.

Private and personal (شخصی، خصوصی).
“Intimate details of his sexual encounters”

EUPHEMISTIC (نیک‌واژه، خوش‌بینانه، با حسن تعبیر)
Having a sexual relationship (رابطه جنسی داشتن).
“They plan to wait before becoming intimate with one another”.

Noun:
A very close friend (همدم، مونس، محرم).
“His circle of intimates”.

Verb:
State or make known (اعلام کردن، بیان کردن).
“Mr Hutchison has intimated his decision to retire”.

Imply or hint (اشاره داشتن، تلویح).
“He had already intimated that he might not be able to continue”.

Question 53

I’ll eat my hat
/iːt, maɪ, hæt/

Answer 53

Idiom:
OLDS FASHIONED
Used to say that you are sure something will not happen (برای بیان اطمینان از عدم رخ دادن رویدادی بیان می‌شود، اگر فلان اتفاق بیفتد من اسمم را عوض می‌کنم).
“If she actually marries him I’ll eat my hat”.
“They son had to eat their hats” (آن‌ها خیلی زود مجبور شدند حرف خود را پس بگیرند).

Question 54

Shoestring
/ˈʃuː.strɪŋ/

Answer 54

Noun:
INFORMAL
A small or inadequate budget (مبلغ ناچیز).
“Many early studies were done on a shoestring”.

NORTH AMERICAN
A shoelace (بند کفش).

Adjective:
(Of a save or tackle in sport) near or around the ankles or feet, or just above the ground (در ورزش تکل زدن به نزدیکی قوزک پا یا دریافت در نزدیکی سطح زمین).
“The Mets center fielder made a shoestring catch”.

Question 55

Niche
/nɪtʃ/

Answer 55

Noun:
A comfortable or suitable position in life or employment (مقام سزاوار، محل دنج، کنج امن، جایگاه ویژه).
“He is now a partner at a leading law firm and feels he has found his niche”.

A specialized segment of the market for a particular kind of product or service (بخش تخصصی بازار، فرصت تخصصی، حوزه‌ای خاص).
“He believes he has found a niche in the market”.

A shallow recess, especially one in a wall to display a statue or other ornament (تاقچه، تو رفتگی دیوار).
“Each niche held a shepherdess in Dresden china”.

ECOLOGY
A role taken by a particular type of organism within its community (کنام، نقش ویژه‌ی هر جاندار در زیست‌بوم خود).
“The niche left vacant by the disappearance of wolves”.

Adjective:
Denoting products, services, or interests that appeal to a small, specialized section of the population (خاص، ویژه).
“Other companies in this space had to adapt to being niche players”.

Verb:
Place (something) in a niche or recess (در تاقچه گذاشتن، در جای مناسب قرار دادن).
“These elements were niched within the shadowy reaches”.

Question 56

Prospective
/prəˈspek.tɪv/

Answer 56

Adjective:
Expected or expecting to be the specified thing in the future (احتمالی، ممکن، آینده‌دار، مورد انتظار).
“She showed a prospective buyer around the house”.

Likely to happen at a future date (آتی، پیش‌رو، آینده).
“A meeting to discuss prospective changes in government legislation”.

Opposite:
Retrospective.

Question 57

Nepotism
/ˈnep.ə.tɪ.zəm/

Answer 57

Noun:
the practice among those with power or influence of favouring relatives, friends, or associates, especially by giving them jobs (خویشاوندسالاری، تبارگماری).
“he promised an end to corruption and nepotism”.

Opposite:
Meritocracy.

Question 58

Infringe
/ɪnˈfrɪndʒ/

Answer 58

Verb:
Actively break the terms of (a law, agreement, etc.) (نقض کردن، قانون یا قرار شکستن، تخطی کردن).
“Making an unauthorized copy would infringe copyright”.

Act so as to limit or undermine (something); encroach on (زیر پا گذاشتن، تجاوز کردن، محدود کردن).
“Such widespread surveillance could infringe personal liberties”.

Question 59

Buff
/bʌf/

Answer 59

Noun:
A yellowish-beige color (رنگ بژ مایل به زرد).
“A buff envelope”.

TRADEMARK IN UK
A stout dull yellow leather with a velvety surface (برند تجاری چرم گاومیش در بریتانیا).

A stick, wheel, or pad used for polishing (ابزار پرداخت‌کاری، پد جلا).

A person who is enthusiastically interested in and very knowledgeable about a particular subject (طرفدار، هوادار، خوره).
“a computer/opera/film buff”.

Verb:
Polish (something) (جلا دادن، صیقل دادن، برق انداختن، براق کردن).
“He buffed the glass until it gleamed”.

Give (leather) a velvety finish by removing the surface of the grain (چرم را پرداختن و مخملی کردن).

Adjective:
(Of a person or their body) in good physical shape with well-developed muscles (خوش‌اندام، خوش هیکل).
“The driver was a buff blond named March”.

Phrase:
In the buff — naked (لخت).
“People generally don’t go swimming in the buff in public places”.

Question 60

Resonance
/ˈrez.ən.əns/

Answer 60

Noun:
The quality in a sound of being deep, full, and reverberating (طنین).
“The resonance of his voice”.

Question 61

Bonanza
/bəˈnæn.zə/

Answer 61

Noun:
A situation which creates a sudden increase in wealth, good fortune, or profits (بهروزی، رونق، پول باد آورده، منبع عایدی مهم).
“A natural gas bonanza for Britain”.
“April was a bonanza month for car sales”.

A large amount of something desirable (خروار).
“The festive feature-film bonanza”.

Question 62

Drab
/dræb/

Answer 62

Adjective:
Lacking brightness or interest; drearily dull (بی‌رنگ و آب، خسته‌کننده، دل‌گیر، ملال‌آور، نچسب، بی‌روح).
“The landscape was drab and grey”.

Of a dull light brown color (خاکستری، قهوه‌ای مایل به زرد).
“Drab camouflage uniforms”.

Noun:
Fabric of a dull light brown color (پارچه یا لباس خاکستری رنگ).

A slovenly woman (زن شلخته).

A prostitute (روسپی، جنده، سلیطه).

Question 63

Bum
/bʌm/

Answer 63

Noun:
A vagrant (ول‌گرد).
“Bums had been known to wander up to their door and ask for a sandwich”.

A lazy or worthless person (بی‌کار بی‌عار، لَش).
“You ungrateful bum!”.

A person who devotes a great deal of time to a specified activity (عاشق و معتاد و متعهد به کاری خاص).
“A ski bum”.

INFORMAL
A person’s buttocks or anus (کون، مقعد).
“If you sit there you’ll get a cold bum”.

Verb:
Get by asking or begging (گدایی کردن، انگل شدن، چتر شدن، آویزان کسی شدن، با التماس گرفتن).
“They tried to bum money off us”.

Adjective:
INFORMAL
Of poor quality; bad or wrong (جُل، بُنجل، نافرم، بد، اشتباه، غلط).
“Not one bum note was played”.

Question 64

Quantify
/ˈkwɑːn.t̬ə.faɪ/

Answer 64

Verb:
Express or measure the quantity of (سنجیدن، اندازه گرفتن، کمیت یا کیفیت چیزی را معلوم کردن).
“It is impossible to quantify the extent of the black economy”.

Question 65

Adage
/ˈæd.ɪdʒ/

Answer 65

Noun:
A proverb or short statement expressing a general truth (ضرب‌المثل، پند، سخن حکیمانه).
“The old adage ‘out of sight out of mind’”.

Question 66

Thyself
/ðaɪˈself/

Answer 66

Pronoun:
Archaic or dialect form of yourself, corresponding to the subject thou (خویشتن).
“Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself”.

Question 67

Relent
/rɪˈlent/

Answer 67

Verb:
Abandon or mitigate a severe or harsh attitude, especially by finally yielding to a request (نرم شدن، به رحم آمدن).
“She was going to refuse his request, but relented”.

Become less severe or intense (کاسته شدن، فروکش کردن).
“The rain relented”.

——————
Unrelenting: بی‌رحم، بی‌شفقت، بی‌مروت، بی‌امان.

Question 68

Onset
/ˈɑːn.set/

Answer 68

Noun:
The beginning of something, especially something unpleasant (شروع، آغاز، ابتدای چیزی ناخوشایند).
“The onset of winter”.

ARCHAIC
A military attack (یورش، هجوم، حمله‌ی نظامی).

Question 69

Octogenarian
/ˌɑːk.toʊ.dʒəˈner.i.ən/

Answer 69

Adjective:
A person who is between 80 and 89 years old (هشتاد ساله، کسی که بین ۸۰ تا ۸۹ سال سن دارد، کسی که در دهه‌ی نهم زندگی خویش است).
“The octogenarian is making his TV writing debut”.

Question 70

Mastectomy
/mæsˈtek.tə.mi/

Answer 70

Noun:
A medical operation to remove a woman’s breast (ماستکتومی، عمل حذف پستان، پستان‌برداری).
“Patient did not wish to undergo mastectomy and requested laser therapy”.

Question 71

Pre-empt
/ˌpriːˈempt/

Answer 71

Verb:
Take action in order to prevent (an anticipated event) happening; forestall (پیش‌گیری کردن، جلوگیری کردن).
“The second session will focus on policies to pre-empt problems”.

Act in advance of (someone) in order to prevent them doing something (پیش‌دستی کردن).
“It looked as if she’d ask him more, but Parr pre-empted her”.

Acquire or appropriate (something) in advance (از قبل رزرو کردن).
“Many tables were already pre-empted by family parties”.

Question 72

Stir
/stɝː/

Answer 72

Verb:
Move a spoon or other implement round in (a liquid or other substance) in order to mix it thoroughly (هم زدن، مخلوط کردن).
“Desmond stirred his tea and ate a biscuit”.

Move or cause to move slightly (تکان دادن، جُمباندن، کمی حرکت دادن).
“Nothing stirred except the wind”.

Rise or wake from sleep (بیدار شدن یا کردن).
“No one else had stirred yet”.

Leave or go out of (a place) (مکانی را ترک کردن، از جایی خارج شدن).
“As he grew older, he seldom stirred from his club”.

Begin or cause to begin to be active or to develop (فعالیت یا پرورش را آغاز کردن یا سبب شدن).
“The 1960s, when the civil rights movement stirred”.

Arouse strong feeling in (someone); move or excite (برانگیختن، به شور آوردن، تحریک کردن، به هیجان آوردن).
“They will be stirred to action by what is written”.

Cause or provoke trouble or bad feeling (دردسر درست کردن، احساس بد ایجاد کردن).
“He accused me of trying to stir up trouble”.

Arouse or prompt (a feeling or memory) or inspire (the imagination) (خاطره یا احساس را زنده کردن، به یاد آوردن).
“The story stirred many memories of my childhood”.

INFORMAL•BRITISH
Deliberately cause trouble by spreading rumours or gossip (موش دوانی کردن، عمداً با شایعه پراکنی دردسر درست کردن).
“Francis was always stirring, trying to score off people”.

Noun:
A slight physical movement (تکان، جنبش، حرکت بسیار کم).
“I stood, straining eyes and ears for the faintest stir”.

An initial sign of a specified feeling (اولین نشانه‌ی یک حس خاص).
“Caroline felt a stir of anger deep within her breast”.

A commotion (همهمه، بلبشو، غوغا).
“The event caused quite a stir”.

An act of stirring food or drink (عمل مخلوط کردن و هم زدن).
“He gives his Ovaltine a stir”.

Prison (هلفدونی، زندان، بند).
“I’ve spent twenty-eight years in stir”.

Phrase:
Stir the blood — make someone excited or enthusiastic (شوراندن، تهییج کردن).
“This is a challenge that stirs my blood”.

Stir the pot — cause controversy or challenge an established position (جنجال به پا کردن، آشوب به راه انداختن، به چالش کشیدن).
“I love to stir the pot and generate a heated discussion”.

Question 73

Impair
/ɪmˈper/

Answer 73

Verb:
Weaken or damage (something, especially a faculty or function) (آسیب رساندن، معیوب کردن، خراب کردن، ناتوان کردن، ناقص کردن).
“A noisy job could permanently impair their hearing”.

Question 74

Autonomy
/ɑːˈtɑː.nə.mi/

Answer 74

Noun:
The right or condition of self-government (استقلال، خودمختار، خودگردان، آزادی عمل).
“Between the First and Second World Wars, Canada gained greater autonomy from Britain”.

(In Kantian moral philosophy) the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires (اراده‌ی خودآیین که در فلسفه‌ی کانتی توانایی عمل نه بر اساس امیال بلکه بر اساس اخلاقیات عینی می‌باشد).

Question 75

Recess
/riˈses/

Answer 75

Noun:
A small space created by building part of a wall further back from the rest (طاقچه).
“A table set into a recess”.

A hollow space inside something (حفره، تورفتگی، سوراخ).
“The concrete block has a recess in its base”.

A remote, secluded*, or secret place (نهانگاه، کنج، گوشه، خلوتگاه، مخفیگاه).
“The recesses of the silent pine forest”.
*seclude: منزوی، دور افتاده.

A period of time when the proceedings of a parliament, committee, court of law, or other official body are temporarily suspended (تعطیلی موقت، تنفس، تعویق).
“Talks resumed after a month’s recess”.

NORTH AMERICAN
A break between school classes (زنگ تفریح).
“The mid-morning recess”.

Verb:
Attach (a fitment) by setting it back into the wall or surface to which it is fixed (لوازم را درون دیوار یا سطح نصب کردن).
“The lights are going to be recessed into the ceiling”.

NORTH AMERICAN
(Of formal proceedings) be temporarily suspended (به تعویق انداختن، موقتا تعطیل کردن، تنفس اعلام کردن).
“The talks recessed at 2.15”.

Question 76

Brew
/bruː/

Answer 76

Verb:
Make (beer) by soaking, boiling, and fermentation (آبجو عمل آوردن، آبجو سرشتن).
“Within five years the company will brew as much beer in China as in Australia”.

Make (tea or coffee) by mixing it with hot water (دم کردن).
“I’ve just brewed some coffee”.

(Of an unwelcome event or situation) begin to develop (در شرف تکوین بودن، رویدادی ناگوار در شرف وقوع بودن).
“There was more trouble brewing as the miners went on strike”.

Noun:
A kind of beer (نوعی آبجو).
“Small breweries which are able to offer rare brews”.

INFORMAL
A glass or can of beer (لیوان یا قوطی آبجو).
“He dug a brew out from the cooler and flipped the ringtop”.

A cup or mug of tea or coffee (فنجان یا لیوان چای یا قهوه).
“She took a sip of the hot reviving brew”.

A mixture of events, people, or things which interact to form a more potent whole (ترکیب، مخلوطی از رویدادها و افراد و چیزهای در تعامل که کلیتی مقتدرتر را شکل می‌دهند).
“A dangerous brew of political turmoil and violent conflict”.

Question 77

Under the weather
/ˈweð.ɚ/

Answer 77

Phrase:
INFORMAL
Slightly unwell or in low spirits (ناخوش احوال).
“She was sufficiently under the weather to have to pull out of the championship”.
“I’m feeling a bit under the weather - I think I’m getting a cold”.

Question 78

Do the trick
/trɪk/

Answer 78

Phrase:
INFORMAL
Achieve the required result (موثر واقع شدن، معجزه کردن، جواب دادن، کار را راه انداختن).
“A coat of paint might have done the trick, making things that bit more cheery”.
“This sauce needs more flavour - I know, some lemon juice should/ought to do the trick”.

Question 79

Nip in the bud
/nɪp, ðiː, bʌd/

Answer 79

Phrase:
Suppress or destroy something at an early stage (در نطفه خفه کردن).
“The idea has been nipped in the bud by the local council”.
Nip: گاز، نیشگون، قُلُپ.
Bud: غنچه، نوشکفته، نوگل.

Question 80

Dovetail
/ˈdʌv.teɪl/

Answer 80

Noun:
A joint formed by one or more tapered projections (tenons) on one piece which interlock with corresponding notches or recesses (mortises) in another (کام و زبانه).

Verb:
join together by means of a dovetail (با کام و زبانه به هم متصل کردن).

Fit or cause to fit together easily and conveniently (به راحتی جفت و جور کردن یا شدن).
“Plan to enable parents to dovetail their career and family commitments”.

Question 81

Predisposition
/ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

Answer 81

Noun:
A liability or tendency to suffer from a particular condition, hold a particular attitude, or act in a particular way (استعداد، تمایل قبلی، زمینه، آمادگی).
“A child may inherit a predisposition to schizophrenia”.

——————
Disposition: منش، خو، طبع، گرایش، وضع، سرشت، تمایل.

Question 82

Corner the market
/ˈkɔːr.nɚ, ðiː, ˈmɑːr.kɪt/

Answer 82

Idiom:
If a company corners the market in a particular type of product, it is more successful than any other company at selling the product (نبض بازار را در دست داشتن، به انحصار در آوردن).
“They’ve more or less cornered the fast-food market - they’re in every big city in the world”.

Question 83

Escapade
/ˈes.kə.peɪd/

Answer 83

Noun:
An act or incident involving excitement, daring, or adventure (شیطنت).
“He told of their escapade with a ‘borrowed’ truck”.

Question 84

Burgeon
/ˈbɝː.dʒən/

Answer 84

Verb:
Begin to grow or increase rapidly; flourish (شکوفا شدن، رونق گرفتن، سریع رشد کردن، جوانه زدن).
“The city’s suburbs have burgeoned, sprawling out from the centre”.

Question 85

Court
/kɔːrt/

Answer 85

Noun:
A body of people presided over by a judge, judges, or magistrate, and acting as a tribunal in civil and criminal cases (محکمه).
“She will take the matter to court”.

The place where a court meets (دادگاه).
“Everyone in the court knew he was going down, innocent or guilty”.

A quadrangular area, either open or covered, marked out for ball games such as tennis or squash (زمین بازی ورزش).
“A squash court”.

A quadrangular area surrounded by a building or group of buildings (محوطه، حیاط).
“The map showed the crescents and courts of recent urban sprawl”.

The courtiers, retinue, and household of a sovereign (درباریان).
“The emperor is shown with his court”.

A sovereign’s residence (بارگاه، دربار).
“He lived for four years at the court of King Philip”.

The qualified members of a company or a corporation (هیئت، اعضای رده بالای یک شرکت یا کمپانی).

Verb:
DATED
Be involved with (someone) romantically, with the intention of marrying (نامزدبازی کردن، دل‌بری کردن، عشق‌بازی کردن، خواستار بودن).
“He was courting a girl from the neighbouring farm”.

Pay special attention to (someone) in an attempt to win their support or favor (تملق گفتن، چاپلوسی کردن).
“Western politicians courted the leaders of the newly independent states”.

Risk incurring (misfortune) because of one’s behavior (دنبال دردسر گشتن، به دنبال جنجال بودن).
“He has often courted controversy”.

Question 86

Foolhardy
/ˈfuːlˌhɑːr.di/

Answer 86

Adjective:
Recklessly bold or rash (بی‌پروایانه، بی‌کلگی).
“It would be foolhardy to go into the scheme without support”.

Question 87

Booth
/buːθ/

Answer 87

Noun:
A small temporary tent or structure at a market, fair, or exhibition, used for selling goods, providing information, or staging shows (غرفه، دکه).

A small room where a vendor sits separated from customers by a window (بادجه).
“A ticket booth”.

An enclosure or compartment that allows privacy or seclusion, for example when voting, broadcasting or recording sound, or making a phone call (کیوسک، اتاقک محصور).
“He installed a soundproof booth for private phone calls”.

A type of seating, typically in a restaurant or bar, consisting of two high-backed benches with a table between them (نوعی چیدمان در رستوران شامل دو صندلی با پشتی بلند و یک میز در میان آن‌ها).
“They sat down in a booth and waited for a waiter to come over”.

Question 88

Distort
/dɪˈstɔːrt/

Answer 88

Verb:
Pull or twist out of shape (پیچ و تاب دادن، از شکل انداختن، قناس کردن).
“A grimace distorted her mouth”.
“The pipe will distort as you bend it”.

Give a misleading or false account or impression of (تحریف کردن، گمراه کردن، به غلط انداختن).
“Many factors can distort the results”.

Question 89

Copywriter
/ˈkɑː.piˌraɪ.t̬ɚ/

Answer 89

Noun:
A person who writes the text of advertisements or publicity material (تبلیغ‌نویس، مبلغ).
“After completing a degree in journalism he took a job as a copywriter for an advertising agency”.
Copy: در اینجا به معنی تبلیغ است.

Question 90

Questionnaire
/ˌkwes.tʃəˈner/

Answer 90

Noun:
A set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study (پرسش‌نامه).
“Visitors to the country have been asked to fill in a detailed questionnaire”.

Question 91

Swing vote
/ˈswɪŋ ˌvoʊt/

Answer 91

Noun:
A vote that is regarded as decisive to the outcome of an election because it is not predictable which candidate or party it will be cast for (رای تایین‌کننده، رای خاموش، رای کسی که تا لحظه‌ی آخر قابل پیش‌بینی نیست).
“Catholics are important swing votes in this election”.

Question 92

Conquistador
/kɑːnˈkiː.stə.dɔːr/

Answer 92

Noun:
A conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century (کشورگشا، فاتح).
“In the last scene, the conquistadores appear at the mouth of the river, triumphant and by themselves”.
کلمه اسپانیایی است و «کانکیستادور» تلفظ می‌شود.

Question 93

Oracle
/ˈɔːr.ə.kəl/

Answer 93

Noun:
A priest or priestess acting as a medium through whom advice or prophecy was sought from the gods in classical antiquity (وخشور، هاتف، اوراکل).
“There in the oracles caves he founded the techniques of tooth brushing”.

A person or thing regarded as an infallible authority on something (وحی مُنزل، خوبی مطلق، قدرت متعال).
“He reigned supreme as the Colonial Office’s oracle on Africa”.

A place at which divine advice or prophecy was sought (محل دریافت وحی).

ARCHAIC
A response or message given by an oracle, especially an ambiguous one (وحی، پیش‌گویی).
“He is most famous for his oracles or prophesies attributed to him”.

Question 94

Sovereign
/ˈsɑːv.rən/

Answer 94

Noun:
A supreme ruler, especially a monarch (حاکم مطلق، سلطان، پادشاه، خدیو، تاج‌دار).
“The Emperor became the first Japanese sovereign to visit Britain”.

A former British gold coin worth one pound sterling, now only minted for commemorative purposes (سکه‌ای قدیمی در بریتانیا که اکنون فقط برای مراسم بزرگ‌داشت ضرب می‌شود).

Adjective:
Possessing supreme or ultimate power (قدرت مطلق).
“In modern democracies the people’s will is in theory sovereign”.

(Of a nation or its affairs) acting or done independently and without outside interference (مستقل، خودمختار).
“A sovereign, democratic republic”.

ARCHAIC•LITERARY
Possessing royal power and status (مقتدر، قدر قدرت، صاحب شوکت سلطنتی).
“Our most sovereign lord the King”.

DATED
Very good or effective (بهترین، موثرترین، عالی‌ترین).
“A sovereign remedy for all ills”.

Question 95

Tentative
/ˈten.t̬ə.t̬ɪv/

Answer 95

Adjective:
Not certain or fixed; provisional (موقتی، امتحانی، احتمالی، غیرقطعی، مشروط).
“A tentative conclusion”.

Done without confidence; hesitant (دودلی، بی‌اعتمادی).
“He eventually tried a few tentative steps round his hospital room”.

Question 96

Curriculum vitae
/kəˌrɪk.jə.ləm ˈviː.taɪ/

Answer 96

Noun:
A short written description of your education, qualifications, previous jobs, and sometimes also your personal interests, that you send to an employer when you are trying to get a job; it’s abbreviation is CV (کارنامک، رزومه، سابقه‌ی تحصیلی یا کاری).
“This type of project management is a great thing to have on your CV”.

UK: CV <———> US: Résumé

Curriculum: برنامه‌ی آموزشی، دوره‌ی تحصیلات، رئیس مطالب، واحدهای آموزشی.
Vitae: زندگی‌نامه خودنوشته، سوابق کاری.

Question 97

Grill
/ɡrɪl/

Answer 97

Noun:
A device on a cooker that radiates heat downwards for cooking food (منقل، کباب‌پز)
“Place under a hot grill”.

A gridiron used for cooking food on an open fire (توری کباب‌پزی).

A restaurant serving grilled food (کبابی).

Verb:
Cook (food) using a grill (کباب کردن، برشته کردن، بریان کردن).
“Grill the trout for five minutes”.

INFORMAL
Subject (someone) to intense questioning or interrogation (استنطاق کردن، سوال‌پیچ کردن، سین جیم کردن).
“My father grilled us about what we had been doing”.

Question 98

Unbeknown/unbeknownst
/ˌʌn.bɪˈnəʊn/ /ˌʌn.bɪˈnoʊnst/

Answer 98

Adjective:
Without the knowledge of (someone) (بدون اطلاع کسی).
“Unbeknown to me, she made some enquiries”.

Question 99

Murky
/ˈmɝː.ki/

Answer 99

Adjective:
Dark and gloomy, especially due to thick mist (تیره، تاریک، لوشناک، مرموز و مه‌آلود).
“The sky was murky and a thin drizzle* was falling”.
*drizzle: نم‌نم باران.

Obscure or morally questionable (مبهم، مشکوک).
“A government minister with a murky past”.

Question 100

Tyranny
/ˈtɪr.ən.i/

Answer 100

Noun:
Cruel and oppressive government or rule (خودکامگی، حکومت مطلقه).
“Refugees fleeing tyranny and oppression”.

Question 101

Homage
/ˈhɑː.mɪdʒ/

Answer 101

Noun:
Special honour or respect shown publicly (تعظیم، کرنش، بزرگ‌داشت).
“Many villagers come here to pay homage to the Virgin”.

HISTORICAL
Formal public acknowledgement of feudal allegiance (بیعت).
“A man doing homage to his personal lord”.

Question 102

Mesh
/meʃ/

Answer 102

Noun:
Material made of a network of wire or thread (شبکه‌ی توری، سرند).
“Mesh for fishing nets”.

Used with reference to a complex or constricting situation (بحبوحه، تار و پود، گیرودار).
“You are just common people going about your lives caught in the common mesh of history”.

An interlaced structure (در هم تنیده، آمیخته، تلفیق).
“Cell fragments which agglutinate and form intricate meshes”.

COMPUTING
A computer network in which each computer or processor is connected to a number of others, especially so as to form a multidimensional lattice (شبکه‌ی کامپیوتری).
“Multiple boards can be arranged in various multiprocessing architectures, including 3-D mesh, ring, or hypercube”.

Verb:
(Of the teeth of a gearwheel) be engaged with another gearwheel (دندانه‌ی چرخ‌دنده‌ها با هم درگیر شدن).
“One gear meshes with the input gear”.

Make or become entangled or entwined (جفت شدن یا کردن، در هم قفل شدن یا کردن).
“Their fingers meshed”.

Be in or bring into harmony (هماهنگ کردن یا بودن، متناسب کردن یا بودن).
“Her memory of events doesn’t mesh with the world around her”.

COMPUTING
Represent a geometric object as a set of finite elements (در هم آمیختن، تلفیق کردن، شبکه کردن).
“Choosing the icon allows you to automatically mesh your design”.

Question 103

Hut
/hʌt/

Answer 103

Noun:
A small, simple, single-storey house or shelter (کپر، کلبه، کومه، کاشانه).
“A beach hut”.

Verb:
Provide with huts (در کلبه اسکان دادن، در آلونک پناه دادن).
“It will be advisable to hut the troops, for their protection during the cold season”.

Question 104

Avid
/ˈæv.ɪd/

Answer 104

Adjective:
Having or showing a keen interest in or enthusiasm for something (حرص، آزمند، طماع).
“An avid reader of science fiction”.

Question 105

Normative
/ˈnɔːr.mə.t̬ɪv/

Answer 105

Adjective:
Establishing, relating to, or deriving from a standard or norm, especially of behavior (هنجاری، اصولی، اصلی، روال معمول).
“Negative sanctions to enforce normative behavior”.

Question 106

Vigour
/ˈvɪɡ.ɚ/

Answer 106

Noun:
Physical strength and good health (بنیه، قوت، توان).
“I was 79, but still full of vigour and vitality”.

Effort, energy, and enthusiasm (قدرت، اشتیاق، انرژی).
“They set about the new task with vigour”.

Phrase:
In vigour — in force or operation (در جریان، برقرار).
“He says there is no deal but since he has a contract in vigour he will continue as usual”.

Question 107

Vested interest
/ˌves.tɪd ˈɪn.trɪst/

Answer 107

Noun:
A personal reason for involvement in an undertaking or situation, especially an expectation of financial or other gain (علاقه‌ی خاص و وافر، علاقه‌ی خصوصی، علاقه‌ی شخصی).
“Banks have a vested interest in the growth of their customers”.

LAW
An interest (usually in land or money held in trust) recognized as belonging to a particular person (مالکیت مطلق).

Question 108

Soap opera
/ˈsoʊp ˌɑː.pɚ.ə/

Answer 108

Noun:
A television or radio drama serial dealing typically with daily events in the lives of the same group of characters (برنامه‌ی عامه‌پسند، برنامه‌ی آب‌دوغ‌خیاری).
“The new soap opera will be screened, wait for it, five times each day”.
“He was interviewing some soap star”.
“I don’t have time to watch any of the soaps”.