The Odd Couple

Question 1

Cathedral
/kəˈθiː.drəl/

Answer 1

Noun:
The principal church of a diocese, with which the bishop is officially associated (کلیسای جامع، کلیسای بزرگ و مجلل).
“St Paul’s Cathedral”.

Question 2

Hold water
/hoʊld ˈwɑː.t̬ɚ/

Answer 2

Idiom:
If a reason, argument, or explanation holds water, it is true (با عقل جور در آمدن، منطقی بودن، درست بودن).
“Her alibi just didn’t hold water”.

Question 3

Counsel
/ˈkaʊn.səl/

Answer 3

Noun:
Advice, especially that given formally (اندرز، پند، نصیحت).
“With wise counsel a couple can buy a home that will be appreciating in value”.

A barrister or other legal adviser conducting a case (وکیل، مشاور قانونی).
“The counsel for the defence”.

Verb:
Give advice to (someone) (مشورت دادن، نصیحت کردن).
“Careers officers should counsel young people in making their career decisions”.

Question 4

Equate
/ɪˈkweɪt/

Answer 4

Verb:
Consider (one thing) to be the same as or equivalent to another (برابر شمردن، مساوی پنداشتن).
“Customers equate their name with quality”.

(Of one thing) be the same as or equivalent to (another) (برابر بودن، مساوی بودن).
“That sum equates to half a million pounds today”.

Cause (two or more things) to be the same in quantity or value (مساوی کردن، برابر کردن).
“The level of prices will move to equate supply and demand”.

Question 5

Porcupine
/ˈpɔːr.kjə.paɪn/

Answer 5

Noun:
A large rodent with defensive spines or quills on the body and tail (تیغ‌انداز، سیخول، تشی، خارپشت).

Question 6

Voodoo
/ˈvuː.duː/

Answer 6

Noun:
A religion practised in parts of the Caribbean (especially Haiti) and the southern US, combining elements of Roman Catholic ritual with traditional African magical and religious rites, and characterized by sorcery and spirit possession (وودو، جادو جمبل، جادوگری).
“They can use voodoo to help people”.

Verb:
Affect (someone) by the practice of voodoo (جادو جمبل کردن، طلسم کردن).
“someone had voodooed her”.

Question 7

Fervent
/ˈfɝː.vənt/

Answer 7

Adjective:
Having or displaying a passionate intensity (دو آتیشه، پر تب و تاب، سوزان، تفسان).
“A fervent supporter of the revolution”.

Question 8

Confer
/kənˈfɝː/

Answer 8

Verb:
Grant (a title, degree, benefit, or right) (اعطا کردن، بخشیدن).
“The Minister may have exceeded the powers conferred on him by Parliament”.

Have discussions; exchange opinions (مشورت کردن، رایزنی کردن).
“The officials were conferring with allies”.

Question 9

Legitimate
/ləˈdʒɪt̬.ə.mət/

Answer 9

موجه
Adjective:
Conforming to the law or to rules (قانونی، ذی‌صلاح).
“His claims to legitimate authority”.

Able to be defended with logic or justification; valid (موجه، به حق، پذیرفتنی، روا، معقول).
“A legitimate excuse for being late”.

(Of a child) born of parents lawfully married to each other (فرزند مشروع، حلال‌زاده).
“A legitimate male heir”.

(Of a sovereign) having a title based on strict hereditary right (وارث قانونی).
“The last legitimate Anglo-Saxon king”.

Verb:
Make lawful or justify (توجیه کردن).
“The regime was not legitimated by popular support”.

Question 10

Assert
/əˈsɝːt/

Answer 10

Verb:
State a fact or belief confidently and forcefully (ادعا کردن، موکدا اظهار کردن).
“The company asserts that the cuts will not affect development”.

Cause others to recognize (one’s authority or a right) by confident and forceful behavior (اعمال کردن حق یا تصدی).
“The good librarian is able to assert authority when required”.

Behave or speak in a confident and forceful manner (با اقتدار خود را ثابت کردن یا حرف زدن).
“It was time to assert himself”.

Question 11

Seer
/sɪr/

Answer 11

Noun:
A person of supposed supernatural insight who sees visions of the future (پیشگو، غیب‌بین).
“A seer had foretold that the earl would assume the throne”.

Question 12

Capeesh
/kəˈpiːʃ/

Answer 12

Exclamation:
INFORMAL•US
Another spelling of capiche. Do you understand? (حالیته؟).
“Upstairs is off limits. Capeesh?”

Question 13

Pipe dream
/ˈpaɪp ˌdriːm/

Answer 13

Noun:
An idea or plan that is impossible or very unlikely to happen (خیال واهی، خواب و خیال).
“Her plans are not realistic; they’ll never be more than a pipe dream”.

Question 14

Alms
/ɑːmz/

Answer 14

Noun:
(In historical contexts) money or food given to poor people (صدقه، خیرات).
“The riders stopped to distribute alms”.

Question 15

Miser
/ˈmaɪ.zɚ/

Answer 15

Noun:
A person who hoards wealth and spends as little money as possible (ژَکور، خسیس، مال‌د‌ست).
“A typical miser, he hid his money in the house in various places”.

Question 16

Vex
/veks/

Answer 16

Verb:
Make (someone) feel annoyed, frustrated, or worried, especially with trivial matters (رنجاندن، آزردن، اذیت کردن).
“The memory of the conversation still vexed him”.

Adjective:
Angry; annoyed (آزرده، رنجور، دلخور، عصبانی).
“I ain’t vex with you”.

Question 17

The powers that be

Answer 17

Idiom:
Important people who have authority over others (قدرت‌های موجود، افراد سرشناس).
“It’s up to the powers that be to decide what should be done next”.

Question 18

Layperson
/ˈleɪpɜːsən/

Answer 18

Noun:
Plural: laypeople, laymen.
A non-ordained member of a Church (عضو عامی کلیسا، عضو غیرمذهبی کلیسا).
“Theologians and laypeople alike have debated the meaning behind the rich allegory and symbolism”.

a person without professional or specialized knowledge in a particular subject; layman (مردم عادی، عوام).
“His highly successful lectures were meant for an audience of laypersons interested in the natural sciences”.

Question 19

Platitude
/ˈplæt̬.ə.tuːd/

Answer 19

Noun:
A remark or statement, especially one with a moral content, that has been used too often to be interesting or thoughtful (مبتذل، کلیشه، تکرار مکررات، پیش پا افتاده).
“He masks his disdain for her with platitudes about how she should believe in herself more”.

Question 20

Ascetic
/əˈset̬.ɪk/

Answer 20

Adjective:
Characterized by severe self-discipline and abstention from all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons (زاهدانه، پرهیزکاری).
“An ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and manual labour”.

Noun:
A person who follows an ascetic life (مرتاض، زاهد، پارسا).
“He lived as an ascetic”.

Question 21

Hedonistic
/ˌhiː.d.ənˈɪs.tɪk/

Answer 21

Adjective:
Engaged in the pursuit of pleasure; sensually self-indulgent (لذت‌گرایانه، از سر لذت).
“A hedonistic existence of booze, drugs, and parties”.

Question 22

Entice
/ɪnˈtaɪs/

Answer 22

Verb:
Attract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage (اغوا کردن، تطمیع کردن).
“A show which should entice a new audience into the theatre”.

Question 23

Indulge
/ɪnˈdʌldʒ/

Answer 23

Verb:
Allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of (خود را از لذت چیزی برخوردار کردن، عیش و نوش کردن).
“We indulged in a cream tea”.

Allow (someone) to enjoy something desired (کسی را غرق لذت کردن، خر کیف کردن).
“A luxury service used to indulge the chief executive”.

Indulgent: زیاده‌روی، افراطی.

Question 24

Friar
/fraɪr/

Answer 24

Noun:
A member of any of certain religious orders of men, especially the four mendicant orders (Augustinians, Carmelites, Dominicans, and Franciscans) (راهب، سائل، درویش، برادر روحانی).

Question 25

Purgatory
/ˈpɝː.ɡə.tɔːr.i/

Answer 25

Noun:
(In Catholic doctrine) a place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven (دوزخ، برزخ، جهنم).
“All her sins were forgiven and she would not need to go to Purgatory”

Mental anguish or suffering (درد یا رنج روانی).
“This was purgatory, worse than anything she’d faced in her life”.

Question 26

Thesis
/ˈθiː.sɪs/

Answer 26

Noun:
Plural Noun: Theses
/ˈθiː.siːz/
A statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved (تز، فرض).
“His central thesis is that psychological life is not part of the material world”.

A long essay or dissertation involving personal research, written by a candidate for a university degree (پایان‌نامه، مقاله).
“A doctoral thesis”.

Question 27

Stultify
/ˈstʌl.tə.faɪ/

Answer 27

Verb:
Cause to lose enthusiasm and initiative, especially as a result of a tedious or restrictive routine (ملال‌انگیز کردن، بی‌روح کردن).
“he found ways of gently subverting the class system that stultified 1950s English society”

To prevent something from developing, or prevent someone from developing new ideas (جلوی پیشرفت و توسعه کسی یا چیزی را گرفتن).
“She felt the repetitive exercises stultified her musical technique so she stopped doing them”.

Question 28

Subvert
/səbˈvɝːt/

Answer 28

Verb:
Undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution) (برانداختن، فروپاشاندن، تخریب کردن، سست کردن، تباه کردن).
“The case involved an attempt to subvert the rule of law”.

Question 29

Counterfeit
/ˈkaʊn.t̬ɚ.fɪt/

Answer 29

Adjective:
Made in exact imitation of something valuable with the intention to deceive or defraud (جعلی، تقلبی، بدلی).
“Counterfeit £10 notes”.

Noun:
A fraudulent imitation of something else (جعل، بدل).
“He knew the tapes to be counterfeits”.

Verb:
Imitate fraudulently (جعل کردن).
“My signature is extremely hard to counterfeit”.

Pretend to feel or possess (an emotion or quality) (وانمود کردن، تظاهر کردن).
“No pretence could have counterfeited such terror”.

Question 30

Viable
/ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/

Answer 30

Adjective:
Capable of working successfully; feasible (با دوام، ماندگار، با ثبات، موفقیت‌آمیز، امکان‌پذیر).
“The proposed investment was economically viable”.

Question 31

Pagoda
/pəˈɡoʊ.də/

Answer 31

Noun:
(In India and East Asia) a Hindu or Buddhist temple, typically in the form of a many-tiered tower (پاگودا، بت‌کده، معبد بودایی در هند و خاور دور).

Question 32

Fray
/freɪ/

Answer 32

Verb:
(Of a fabric, rope, or cord) unravel or become worn at the edge, typically through constant rubbing (ساییدن، زده شدن، نخ‌نما کردن یا شدن).
“Cheap fabric soon frays”.

(Of a person’s nerves or temper) show the effects of strain (تحلیل رفتن اعصاب و خل و خو).
“As the temperature rose, tempers frayed”.

Noun:
Plural noun: frays.
A situation of intense competitive activity (رقابت سخت و تنگاتنگ).
“Ten companies intend to bid for the contract, with three more expected to enter the fray”.

A battle or fight (نزاع، جدل، غوغا).
“He charged into the thick of the fray and went down fighting”.

Question 33

Contention
/kənˈten.tʃən/

Answer 33

Noun:
Heated disagreement (مشاجره، منازعه، بحث و جدل).
“The captured territory was the main area of contention between the two countries”.

An assertion, especially one maintained in argument (ادعا و اظهار نظر در یک مجادله).
“Freud’s contention that all dreams were wish fulfilment”.

Phrase:
In contention — having a good chance of success in a contest (شانس بالای پیروزی در رقابت، در گود رقابت ماندن).
Opposite: out of contention.
“Three penalties kept the team firmly in contention”.
“She has finally admitted that the team is out of contention”.

Question 34

Heinous
/ˈheɪ.nəs/

Answer 34

Adjective:
(Of a person or wrongful act, especially a crime) utterly odious or wicked (شنیع، فجیع، بسیار بد).
“A battery of heinous crimes”.

Question 35

Conception
/kənˈsep.ʃən/

Answer 35

Noun:
The action of conceiving a child or of one being conceived (لقاح).
“An unfertilized egg before conception”.

The forming or devising of a plan or idea (تصور، طرح اولیه، مفهومی، ادراک، تصور).
“The time between a product’s conception and its launch”.

Question 36

Infanticide
/ɪnˈfæn.t̬ə.saɪd/

Answer 36

Noun:
The crime of killing a child within a year of its birth (in some legal jurisdictions, specifically by the mother) (جرم کودک‌کشی).
“Cases of infanticide often involve extreme emotional disturbance”.

The practice in some societies of killing unwanted children soon after birth (سنت کودک‌کشی).
“Female infanticide was practised to reduce the population in times of famine”.

Infant (Noun): نوزاد، کودک، طفل.
Infancy (Noun): خردسالی، کودکی، طفولیت، بچگی، نخستین دوره‌ی رشد.

Question 37

Small print
/ˈsmɑːl ˌprɪnt/

Answer 37

Noun:
US: fine print
Text in a formal agreement that is printed smaller than the rest of the text, sometimes in the hope that it will not be noticed (موارد ریزنویسی شده در قرارداد با هدف دیده نشدن).
“Don’t sign anything until you’ve read the small print”.

Question 38

Conflate
/kənˈfleɪt/

Answer 38

Verb:
Combine (two or more sets of information, texts, ideas, etc.) into one (ادغام کردم، درآمیختن، مخلوط کردن، تلفیق کردن).
“The urban crisis conflates a number of different economic, political, and social issues”.

Question 39

Ethereal
/iˈθɪr.i.əl/

Answer 39

Adjective:
Extremely delicate and light in a way that seems not to be of this world (فرازمینی، سماوی، عرشی).
“Her ethereal beauty”.

Heavenly or spiritual (آسمانی، ملکوتی، خدایی).
“Ethereal, otherworldly visions”.

Question 40

Refute
/rɪˈfjuːt/

Answer 40

Verb:
Prove (a statement or theory) to be wrong or false; disprove (رد صلاحیت کردن، خلاف چیزی را ثابت کردن).
“These claims have not been convincingly refuted”.

Deny or contradict (a statement or accusation) (رد کردن، مخالفت کردن، انکار کردن).
“A spokesman totally refuted the allegation of bias”.

Question 41

Corroborate
/kəˈrɑː.bə.reɪt/

Answer 41

Verb:
Confirm or give support to (a statement, theory, or finding) (تایید کردن، اثبات کردن، تقویت کردن).
“The witness had corroborated the boy’s account of the attack”.

Question 42

Far-reaching
/ˌfɑːrˈriː.tʃɪŋ/

Answer 42

Adjective:
Having important and widely applicable effects or implications (گسترده، فراگیر).
“A series of far-reaching political reforms”.

Question 43

Cornerstone
/ˈkɔːr.nɚ.stoʊn/

Answer 43

Noun:
An important quality or feature on which a particular thing depends or is based (‌شالوده، اساس، بنیاد).
“A national minimum wage remained the cornerstone of policy”.

A stone that forms the base of a corner of a building, joining two walls (سنگ کنج، سنگ زیربنا).

Question 44

Linguist
/ˈlɪŋ.ɡwɪst/

Answer 44

Noun:
A person skilled in foreign languages or a person who studies linguistics (زبان‌شناس، زبان‌دان).

Question 45

Blatant
/ˈbleɪ.tənt/

Answer 45

Adjective:
(Of bad behaviour) done openly and unashamedly (فاحش، آشکار، بارز).
“Blatant lies”.

Completely lacking in subtlety; very obvious (انگشت‌نما، جنجالی، تابلو، واضح).
“Despite their blatant attraction to each other they try to stay just friends”.

Question 46

Penalize
/ˈpiː.nəl.aɪz/

Answer 46

Verb:
UK usually penalise
Subject to a penalty or punishment (به کیفر رساندن، کیفر دادن، مجازات کردن).
“High-spending councils will be penalized”.

Put at an unfair disadvantage (در موقعیت نامساعد قرار دادن).
“If the bill is not amended genuine claimants will be penalized”.

Question 47

Detestable
/dɪˈtes.tə.bəl/

Answer 47

Adjective:
Deserving intense dislike (زننده، منزجر کننده، مکروه، نفرت‌انگیز).
“I found the film’s violence detestable”.

Question 48

On one’s own head

Answer 48

Idiom:
It means as one’s responsibility or fault. It suggests that if there are any consequences, they will fall upon the person who has taken the action (هرکی خربزه بخوره پای لرزش هم می‌شینه، نتیجه‌ی کار هرچه که باشد مسئولش خود شخص است).
“If you decide to skip class and you miss important information, it’s on your own head”.

Question 49

Torment
/ˈtɔːr.ment/

Answer 49

Noun:
Severe physical or mental suffering (شکنجه، زجر، عذاب).
“Their deaths have left both families in torment”.

Verb:
Cause to experience severe mental or physical suffering (اذیت کردن، شکنجه کردن، آزار دادن).
“He was tormented by jealousy”.

Question 50

Dispute
/dɪˈspjuːt/

Answer 50

Noun:
A disagreement or argument (مخالفت، مشاجره، بگومگو، بحث).
“A territorial dispute between the two countries”.

Verb:
Argue about (something) (مشاجره کردن، ستیز کردن، مناظره کردن).
“The point has been much disputed”.

Question whether (a statement or alleged fact) is true or valid (زیر سوال بردن).
“The accusations are not disputed”.

Compete for; strive to win (رقابت کردن، جدال کردن، برای برد تلاش کردن).
“The two drivers crashed while disputing the lead”.

Question 51

Abstain
/æbˈsteɪn/

Answer 51

Verb:
Restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something (اجتناب کردن، امتنا کردن).
“The terms stipulate that he must abstain from consumption of alcohol and controlled substances”.

Refrain from drinking alcohol (از خوردن الکل پرهیز کردن).
“Most pregnant women abstain or drink very little”.

Formally decline to vote either for or against a proposal or motion (رای ندادن، رای ممتنع دادن).
“Forty-one voted with the Opposition, and some sixty more abstained”.

Question 52

Yeshiva
/jəˈʃiːvə/

Answer 52

Noun:
An Orthodox Jewish college or seminary (یشیوا، مدرسه علوم دینی یهودیان).
“As a young man, Paul had studied at a London yeshiva”.

Question 53

Prowess
/ˈpraʊ.es/

Answer 53

Noun:
Skill or expertise in a particular activity or field (مهارت، زبردستی).
“His prowess as a fisherman”.

Bravery in battle (دلاوری، شجاعت).
“The hereditary nobility had no monopoly of skill and prowess in war”.

Question 54

Prominent
/ˈprɑː.mə.nənt/

Answer 54

Adjective:
Important; famous (سرشناس، مشهور، مهم).
“She was a prominent member of the city council”.

Projecting from something; protuberant (ورقلمبیده، برجسته).
“A man with big, prominent eyes like a lobster’s”.

Question 55

Christen
/ˈkrɪs.ən/

Answer 55

Verb:
Give (a baby) a Christian name at baptism as a sign of admission to a Christian Church (در زمان غسل تعمید به کودک نام مسیحی دادن).
“Their second daughter was christened Jeanette”.

Give a name to (someone or something) which reflects a notable characteristic (نام‌گذاری کردن).
“We have christened our regular train home the ghost train”.

INFORMAL
Use for the first time (برای اولین بار استفاده کردن).
“He bought a new pair of boots and christened them with his first goal at the McAlpine Stadium”.

Question 56

Raison d’être
/ˌreɪ.zɑːn ˈdet.rə/

Answer 56

Noun:
The most important reason or purpose for someone or something’s existence (علت وجودی).
“Seeking to shock is the catwalk’s raison d’être”.

Question 57

Hair-splitting
/ˈheə splɪtɪŋ/

Answer 57

Noun:
Characterized by or fond of small and overfine distinctions (مته به خشخاش گذاشتن، مو از ماست کشیدن، موشکافی بیش از حد، سفسطه).
“The legal experts have a particularly hair-splitting mentality”.

Question 58

Injunction
/ɪnˈdʒʌŋk.ʃən/

Answer 58

Noun:
An authoritative warning or order (حکم، دستور، فرمان).

LAW
a judicial order restraining a person from beginning or continuing an action threatening or invading the legal right of another, or compelling a person to carry out a certain act, e.g. to make restitution to an injured party (بازداری قانونی، ممنوعیت قضایی، حکم نهی).

Question 59

Provenance
/ˈprɑː.vən.əns/

Answer 59

Noun:
The place of origin or earliest known history of something (زادگاه، منشا، اصل، مبدا).
“An orange rug of Iranian provenance”.

Question 60

Disabuse
/ˌdɪs.əˈbjuːz/

Answer 60

Verb:
Persuade (someone) that an idea or belief is mistaken (به حقیقت آگاه کردن، از اشتباه در آوردن).
“He quickly disabused me of my fanciful notions”.

Question 61

Tendency
/ˈten.dən.si/

Answer 61

Noun:
An inclination towards a particular characteristic or type of behavior (تمایل، گرایش، رغبت).
“For students, there is a tendency to socialize in the evenings”.

A group within a larger political party or movement (گروهی با گرایش متفاوت در یک حزب یا جنبش سیاسی).
“He revealed that there was a tendency in the party that does not support this treaty”.

Question 62

Obfuscating
/ˈɑːb.fə.skeɪt/

Answer 62

Verb:
Make obscure, unclear, or unintelligible (مبهم کردن، گیج کردن، سر در گم کردن، هاج و واج کردن).
“The spelling changes will deform some familiar words and obfuscate their etymological origins”.
“The new rule is more likely to obfuscate people than enlighten them”.

Question 63

Shroud
/ʃraʊd/

Answer 63

Noun:
A length of cloth or an enveloping garment in which a dead person is wrapped for burial (کفن).
“He was buried in a linen shroud”.

A thing that envelops or obscures something (پرده، پوشش، لفاف).
“A shroud of mist”.

A set of ropes forming part of the standing rigging of a sailing boat and supporting the mast or topmast (طناب‌های دکل کشتی بادبانی).

Each of the lines joining the canopy of a parachute to the harness (طناب‌های چتر نجات).

Verb:
Wrap or dress (a body) in a shroud for burial (کفن کردن).
“The body was washed and shrouded”.

Cover or envelop so as to conceal from view (پوشاندن، در لفافه کردن).
“Mountains shrouded by cloud”.

Question 64

Predicate
/ˈpred.ɪ.keɪt/

Answer 64

Noun:
/ˈpred.ə.kət/
GRAMMAR
The part of a sentence or clause containing a verb and stating something about the subject (e.g. went home in John went home) (مسند، گزاره).

LOGIC
Something which is affirmed or denied concerning an argument of a proposition (فرض قضیه).

Verb:
/ˈpred.ɪ.keɪt/
GRAMMAR•LOGIC
State, affirm, or assert (something) about the subject of a sentence or an argument of a proposition (اسناد کردن).
“A word which predicates something about its subject”.

Found or base something on (مبنا قرار دادن، دلالت کردن، حاکی بودن، بر اساس چیزی بودن).
“The theory of structure on which later chemistry was predicated”.

Question 65

Rapture
/ˈræp.tʃɚ/

Answer 65

Noun:
A feeling of intense pleasure or joy (خلسه، جذبه، محسوری، بی‌خودشدگی از خوشی، سرمستی).
“Leonora listened with rapture”.

Question 66

Expel
/ɪkˈspel/

Answer 66

Verb:
Officially make (someone) leave a school or other organization (اخراج کردن، تعلیق کردن، خلع کردن، برکنار کردن).
“She was expelled from school”.

Force (someone) to leave a place (بیرون کردن).
“Eight diplomats were expelled from Norway for espionage”.

Question 67

Wholesale
/ˈhoʊl.seɪl/

Answer 67

Noun:
The business of selling of goods in large quantities and at low prices, typically to be sold on by retailers at a profit (عمده‌فروشی، کلان‌فروشی).
“If you want to sell large expensive pieces then wholesale is probably not the way to go”.

Adverb:
Being sold to retailers in large quantities and at low prices (به صورت عمده فروشی).
“Bottles from this region sell wholesale at about £72 a case”.

As a whole and in an indiscriminate way (به طور یکجا).
“The safety clauses seem to have been taken wholesale from union documents”.

Adjective:
Done on a large scale; extensive (کلان، گسترده).
“The wholesale destruction of these animals by poachers”.

Verb:
Sell (goods) in large quantities at low prices, to be sold on at a profit (عمده‌فروشی کردن).
“Imported clothing, which he now wholesales to 20 retail stores”.

Question 68

Sunni
/ˈsʊn.i/

Answer 68

Noun:
Plural noun: Sunnis
The larger of the two main branches of Islam, which differs from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna, its conception of religious leadership, and its acceptance of the first three caliphs (سنی، اهل سنت).

Question 69

Shiite
/ˈʃiː.aɪt/

Answer 69

Noun:
An adherent of the Shia branch of Islam (شیعه).

Question 70

The Ottoman Empire
/ˌɑdəmən ˌɛmˈpaɪər/

Answer 70

Noun:
An empire developed by Turks between the fourteenth and twentieth centuries (امپراطوری عثمانی).

Question 71

Discriminate
/dɪˈskrɪm.ə.neɪt/

Answer 71

Verb:
Make an unjust or prejudicial distinction in the treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of ethnicity, sex, age, or disability (تبعیض قائل شدن، فرق گذاشتن).
“Existing employment policies discriminate against women”.

Recognize a distinction; differentiate (تمیز دادن، تفاوت را تشخیص دادن).
“Babies can discriminate between different facial expressions”.

Perceive or constitute the difference in or between (متمایز کردن).
“Features that discriminate this species from other gastropods”.

Question 72

Awash
/əˈwɑːʃ/

Answer 72

Adjective:
Covered or flooded with water, especially seawater or rain (غوطه‌ور، آب‌گرفته، سیل‌ز‌ده).
“The boat rolled violently, her decks awash”.

Containing large numbers or amounts of someone or something (مملو، سرشار، لبریز).
“The city was awash with journalists”.

Level with the surface of water so that it just washes over (هم‌سطح آب به طوری که امواج از روی آن بگذرد).
“A rock awash outside the reef entrance”.

Question 73

Sect
/sekt/

Answer 73

Noun:
A group of people with somewhat different religious beliefs (typically regarded as heretical) from those of a larger group to which they belong (فرقه، مذهب، مسلک).

A philosophical or political group, especially one regarded as extreme or dangerous (حزب عموما افراطی و خطرناک).
“A sect of anarchists”.

Abbreviation:
symbol: sect.
section (بخش).

Question 74

Uphold
/ʌpˈhoʊld/

Answer 74

Verb:
Confirm or support (something which has been questioned) (حمایت کردن، پاسداری کردن).
“The court upheld his claim for damages”.

Maintain (a custom or practice) (حفظ کردن، نگهداری کردن).
“They uphold a tradition of not causing distress to living creatures”.

Question 75

Bedfellow
/ˈbedˌfel.oʊ/

Answer 75

Noun:
A person who shares a bed with another (هم‌بستر، هم‌خواب).

A person or thing allied or closely connected with another (متحد، همکار، هم‌پیمان).
“Big business and politics were inseparable bedfellows”.

Question 76

Implement
/ˈɪm.plə.ment/

Answer 76

Noun:
A tool, utensil, or other piece of equipment that is used for a particular purpose (ابزار، افزار، اسباب، وسیله).
“garden implements”.

Verb:
Put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect (به کار بستن، به اجرا در آوردن).
“Our recommendations were fully implemented”.

Question 77

Covenant
/ˈkʌv.ən.ənt/

Answer 77

Noun:
An agreement (عهد، میثاق، پیمان، قرارداد).
“There was a covenant between them that her name was never to be mentioned”.

Verb:
Agree by lease, deed, or other legal contract (عهد و پیمان بستن، قول دادن).
“The landlord covenants to repair the property”.