The third crusade Flashcards
Which Pope called the third crusade?
Gregory VIII
What was the papal bull called of the third crusade?
The Audita Trememdi.
Who did the Audita Trememdi identify as the target of the third crusade?
Saladin and Jerusalem
What was ‘littered’ in the Audita Trememdi?
‘biblical quotes’
What was the response of the Audita Trememdi from Richard I?
-Took the cross without permission from his father Henry II.
What was the response from the Audita Trememdi from Henry and Phillip II of France?
-Decided to take the cross at Gisors.
What was the response from the Audita Trememdi from Frederick Barbarossa HRE?
- Took the cross.
- Encouraged other German princes to follow suit.
What happened when Henry II died?
-Richard became the king.
How did Richard raise money for the third crusade?
- Saladin Tythe.
- Sold lands and titles.
How did Richard and Phillip travel and who came with them?
- By sea.
- Made sure only soldiers attended because of limited spaces.
Where did Richard conquer first and why?
- Masinda on Sicily.
- The governor had failed to pay his sisters dowry
Where did Richard conquer second and why?
- Cyprus.
- The governor would not release his sister and his fiancé, Berengaria of Navarre
How did Richards first two victories help him?
-Increased his resources.
What happened to Barbarossa on his journey?
- Battled through hostile byzantine empire including Anatolia.
- Isaac Comnenus had an agreement with Saladin to hinder the crusaders.
- Drowned in the river Saleph after prophecies he would.
What happened to Barbarossa’s army after he died?
- Most went home.
- Some continued under Leopold of Austria.
What happened when Guy De Lusignan was released from prison?
- Conrad of Monterfact would not allow him into Tyre.
- Guy sieged Acre for 2 years.
- Sybillia his wife and children die. (weakens his claim to Jerusalem).
- Phillip and Richard arrived 5 weeks apart and contributed to acre capture.
Who was the biggest rivalry between?
-Richard +Phillip.
How did Richard repetitively try to outdo Phillip?
- offered more money to his soldiers. (1 bezant)
- Breaking of bethroval to Phillip’s sister Alice and marrying Berengaria instead.
- Claimed Alice was his father Henry II’s mistress.
What did Richard fail to give Phillip?
-half the lands of Cyprus claiming the agreement was only for the holy land.
Where did Phillip go after the capture of Acre and why?
- Left claiming it was illness.
- Count of Flanders died and wanted his land.
- Had enough of Richards shit
Who also left at the same time as Phillip after Acre?
-Leopold of Austria for throwing his banner out- embarrassment for him.
What year was the battle at Arsuf and Jaffa?
1191.
What happened at Arsuf and Jaffa?
- Richard used military ability to march in tight formation to Jaffa.
- Harassed by Saladin at Arsuf.
- Battle fought, Richard ‘rode the wave of momentum’ charge not led by him but 2 knights.
- Won and took Jaffa.
What happened to Saladin’s reputation after the crusader wins at Arsuf and Jaffa?
-Dropped.
