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Alevel History OCR- Crusades- DEUS VOLT! > The Collapse of the crusader states: Crusaders > Flashcards

The Collapse of the crusader states: Crusaders Flashcards

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1
Q

In what year did Baldwin III oust his mother Melisendes?

A

1152.

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2
Q

Where did Baldwin III conquer?

A
  • Ascalon in 1153.

- Completely securing the Levantine coast.

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3
Q

How did Baldwin III and Amalric repair relations with Byzantine?

A

-Manuel I- married his niece (both of them).

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4
Q

What did Amalric fail to do?

A

-Make ground at Egypt for great expense.

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5
Q

Who was Baldwin IV <3

A

-lepper king who brought great instability through factionalism?

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6
Q

What were the factions created in Baldwin the 4th’s reign?

A
  • Old families- peace with Saladin.

- Court party- war with Saladin.

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7
Q

Who was in the court party faction?

A
  • Reynald de Chatillon.
  • Guy.
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8
Q

Who was in the old families faction?

A
  • Raymond of Tripoli.

- Libelin family.

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9
Q

Who did Guy marry?

A

-Sibylla, sister of Baldwin 4th.

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10
Q

When did Guy have regency and when did this end?

A
  • When he married Sybillia.

- Removed for cowardice at Saffuria in 1183.

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11
Q

Who was regent after Guy?

A

-Raymond of Tripoli.

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12
Q

Who refused to send soldiers and why?

A

-Henry II of England and Phillip II of France because of preocucations at home.

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13
Q

What year was the battle of Hattin?

A

1187.

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14
Q

What year was Saffuria?

A

1183.

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15
Q

What happened at the battle of Saffuria?

A
  • Guy regent.
  • Shadowing Saladin’s army at well watered Saffuria.
  • Nobles wanted to attack. Guy cautious.
  • Nobles withheld good advice so Guy could not be king.
  • Guy failed to attack and Baldwin VI took his regency away.
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16
Q

After Baldwin V died, Sybilla had to divorce and remarry to become queen- who did she choose?

A

-Guy again (which people were not happy with!)

17
Q

What did Raymond of Tripoli do because he was furious he could not be king?

A
  • Stuck a truce with Saladin allowing his troops to move freely across his land
  • 1186 he helped him become king.
18
Q

What was the 1187 battle of Cresdon? (HIGHLIGHTS DISUNITY)

A
  • 140 templars V dew 1000 Saladin. The templars lost and only three survived that went.
  • Raymond then felt guilty and made peace with Guy.
19
Q

Did the franks win or loose at Hattin?

A

Loose.

20
Q

What caused the battle of Cresdon?

A

Broken Truce with Saladin in 1887 - attacking Caravans (Reynald De Chatillon).

-Guy tried to get him to pay compensation but he denied.

21
Q

What caused the failure at Hattin?

A
  • Guy’s indecisiveness.
  • Smoke and heat.
  • Muslim tactics.
  • Lack of commitment from Henry and Phillip.
22
Q

What happened at Hattin?

A
  • Saladin taking Tiberius
  • Saladin invaded.
  • lured guys army away from water.
  • Thirst, heat, smoke, goes to the horns for water (but its dry!)
  • Raymond retreats to Tripoli
  • Saladin gave water to guy and then guy taken as prisoner.
23
Q

What happened at the fall of Jerusalem in 1187?

A
  • Saladin took Acre, Ascalon and then Jerusalem after a two-week siege.
  • He negotiated the surrender of the city to Saladin.
24
Q

What were the terms of surrender at Jerusalem?

A

Saladin allowed people to leave for a fee per person. Men- 10 dinars, women 5 and children 2.

-Saladin would take cities kindly (which he did!)

25
Q

What were the only places left in crusader hands after the fall of Jerusalem?

A

-Tyre, Antioch and Tripoli.

26
Q

Who supposedly died from grief after the fall?

A

Pope Urban III.

27
Q

How was Reynald De Chatillion causing issues?

A

-Striking trade routes on the way to Mecca.

28
Q

What did Saladin do in response to Reynald de Chatillion attacking the caravans?

A

-Went to Tiberius to trap the crusaders into coming to help.

29
Q

What did Saladin do to the water on the way to Tiberius?

A

Filled the wells with sand.

Beat drums through night

Yell god is great.

Water delivered and dumped.

Forcing them into Hattin.

Alevel History OCR- Crusades- DEUS VOLT! (9 decks)

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