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Alevel History OCR- Crusades- DEUS VOLT! > The Second Crusade > Flashcards

The Second Crusade Flashcards

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1
Q

Who issued the Quantum Praedecessores?

A

Pope Eugenius III.

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2
Q

What did the Pope issue?

A

The papal bull.

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3
Q

Where did Bernard of Clairvaux preach?

A

-Vezelay 1147.

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4
Q

Who did Bernard of Clairvaux preach with?

A

Louis VII of France and his wife Elanor of Aquitane.

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5
Q

What did Bernard of Clairvaux call the second crusade?

A

‘Christain duty’

‘blessed generation’ (to take this opportunity).

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6
Q

What ‘miracle’ happened at the preaching?

A
  • The stage collapsed- luckily nobody was hurt.

- Small crosses ripped from his clothing.

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7
Q

Where did Bernard of Clairvaux recruit Conrad III of Germany and the Welf of Barvaria? (and German king).

A

-His 7 month preaching tour.

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8
Q

What was the main focus of the Papal Bull?

A
  • Recreation of their ‘forefathers’ achievements.
  • remission of sins,
  • No clear objective.
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9
Q

Who was Bernard of Clairvaux?

A
  • Was said to of performed over 200 miracles.
  • Condemned Anti-Semitism.
  • Encouraged crusaders to submit themselves to God.
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10
Q

What was the quantum predecessors?

A
  • ‘bravery of forefathers has diminished in our sons’
  • ‘Danger to entire of Christianity.
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11
Q

What were the problems of a king going on a crusade?

A
  • Not working together.
  • Ownership and land rivalries.
  • Distracted by the homeland.
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12
Q

How was the beginning of the second crusade divided?

A
  • Conrad and Louis VIII left without each other. (after promising to meet at Constantinople).
  • German nobles against Wends and Muslims in Almeria.
  • Heavy Spanish troop division.
  • Roger I of Sicily attacking Byzantine (who had a truce with Turks here).
  • The Pope did not want mass movement just skilled knights.
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13
Q

What happened on Conrad’s way? (DID NOT WAIT).

A
  • Went on land not coast.
  • Had significant losses on a flood plain
  • The Nicea army split up.
  • Greater force crippled them at Dorelayum.
  • Failed to supply his army properly.
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14
Q

What happened on Louis VII’s way?

A
  • Took Manuel’s advice and went Via the coast.
  • His army perished along the way at mount Cadmus.
  • Louis himself almost dies.
  • Louis then gave command of his army to the knights Templar and they sailed to Antioch and won the battle of Ephesus.
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15
Q

How did Emperor Manuel cause problems?

A
  • He was worried about Louis and Roger of Sicily (a byzantine) so made a truce with Turks.
  • This really upset the French nobility.
  • Manuel lied about Conrad’s victory to get rid of him quickly.
  • Crusaders not allowed in Constantinople.
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16
Q

What was the problem at Aleppo?

A
  • Prince Raymond wanted to attack Aleppo.
  • Louis said no.
  • Allepo a client state of Byzantine and he did not want to help them.
  • Louis wanted to get to Conrad at Jerusalem.
  • Rumours of A O E and Raymond affair.
  • Raymond drops out.
17
Q

What happened at the council of Acre and the council of Palmera?

A
  • Louis, Conrad, Melisendes decide Edessa as the target.
  • Could no longer pick Aleppo.
  • Picked Damascus
  • Damascus was an ally of Jerusalem because Nur-ad-Din had married the governers daughter.
18
Q

What happened at the siege of Damascus in 1148?

A
  • Lasted for four days.
  • Franks and crusader kings distrusting each other over who would take Damascus.
  • Crusaders followed Frankish advice and moved from well watered-rich site to break into rumoured weaker side.
  • However, Nur-ad-dins relief force was on his way and it was no weaker.
  • The siege was a failure.
19
Q

Main reasons for failure?

A
  • Relationship with Byzantine.
  • No aims.
  • Relationship between franks and crusaders.
  • Muslim power.
  • Logistical issues.
  • Conrad and Louis.
20
Q

What logistical issues did the crusaders face?

A
  • Thousands of peasants.
  • Flash-flood at German camps drowned and lost equipment.
  • Food.
  • Weather.
  • Bad harvests meaning they could not impose tax,
21
Q

What was the military power of Muslims like?

A
  • Attacking Conrads troops when looking for food.
  • Gurerrllia warfare.
  • Tricked by mounted archers pretending to retreat.
  • Stabbing through orchards/ mud walls.
22
Q

What happened at Mount Cadmus?

A

-French forces stretched for 6 miles.

Alevel History OCR- Crusades- DEUS VOLT! (9 decks)

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