The spread of diseases Flashcards
What is Measles spread by?
Inhalation of droplets produced by infected people
What are the symptoms of Measles?
- fever
- Red skin rash
- complications can be fatal
What is HIV Spread by?
- Sexual contact
- Enchange of body fluids (e.g Blood)
What are the symptoms of HIV?
- Flu like symtoms at first
- Virus attacks the bodies immmune system
- Leads to vulnerability to AIDS
What is TMV (Tobaco mosaic virus) Spread by?
- Direct contact of plants with infected plant material
- Aminal and plant vectors
- Soil
What are the symtoms of TMV?
- Mosaic pattern of discolouration on the leaves
- Reduces plants ability to photosynthesise
What is salmonella spread by?
Bacteria in or on food that is being eaten
How is Gonorrhoea spread?
Direct sexual contact (STD)
What are the symptoms of Salmonella?
- Fever
- Abdominal cramps
- Vomitting
- Diarhoea
What are the symptoms of gonorroea?
- Thick yellow or green discharge
- Pain when urinating
What are the ways of controlling Bacteria spread?
- Higiene
- Isolation
- Controlling vectors
- Vaccination
What is Rose Black Spot spread by?
Water and wind
What are the symptoms of Rose Black Spot?
- Purple or black spots on leaves which turn yellow
- Reduces plants ability to synthesise
How can you prevent Rose Black Spot?
- Fungicides
- Affected Leaves removed and destroyed
How is Malaria spread?
Mosquitos feed on the blood of people infected and spread it to new people
What are the symptoms of Malaria?
- Recurrent episodes of fever
- Can be fatal
How can you treat and prevent Malaria?
- Prevent mosquito breeding
- Mosquito nets to prevent bites
- Anti-malarial medicine
What are the signs that a plant is diseased?
- Stunted growth
- Spots on leaves
- Areas of rot or decay
- Growths
- Malformed stems or leaves
- Discolouration
- Pest infestation
What are some examples of a physical barrier?
- cellulose cell walls - provide a barrier to infection
- Tough waxy cuticle on leaves
- Bark on trees - a layer of dead cells that can fall off
What are some examples of a chemical barrier?
- Many plants produce anti-bacterial chemicals
- Poison production stops animals eating plants
What are some examples of mechanical adaptations?
- Thorns and hairs stop animals eating plants
- Leaves that droop or curl when touched scare herbivores or dislodge insects
- Some plants mimic the appearance of unhealthy or poisonous plants to deter insects or herbivores
What can Aphids do to plants?
Suck sap from the stems of plants, This results in
* Reduced rate of growth
* Wilting
* Discolouration of leaves
