Non-communicable diseases

Question 1

What is coronary heart disease (CHD)?

Answer 1

CHD is when the coronary arteries become narrowed by the build up of layers of fatty material.

Question 2

What factors can affect health?

Answer 2

• Communicable and non-communicable diseases.
• Diet
• Stress
• Exercise
• Life situations

Question 3

What does a stent do?

Answer 3

Inserted into blocked arteries to keep them open.

Question 4

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a stent?

Answer 4

• Widens the artery
• less serious surgery
• Can involve major surgery
• Risks from anaesthetic

Question 5

What does a Statin do?

Answer 5

Drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels that slow down the deposit of fatty material.

Question 6

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a Statin?

Answer 6

• Effective
• No need for surgery
• Can prevent CHD developing
• Possible side affects
• Cannot cure CHD

Question 7

What does replacing a faulty heart valve do?

Answer 7

Heart valves that are malfunctioning can be replaced with biological or mechanical valves.

Question 8

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a Heart valve replacement?

Answer 8

• Allows the control of blood flow to the heart
• Long term cure for faulty heart valves
• Can involve major surgery
• Risks from anaesthetic

Question 9

What does a heart transplant do?

Answer 9

Artificial hearts are used to keep patient alive while waiting for a heart transplant or allowing the heart to rest.

Question 10

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a Heart transplant?

Answer 10

• Long term cure
• Treats special problems
• Transplant may be rejected
• lengthy process

Question 11

What are the 4 risk factors of getting a non-communicable disease?

Answer 11

• Diet and ammount of exercise
• Alcohol
• Smoking
• Carcinogens (Ionising radiation and genetics)

Question 12

What are the Disease you can get from a poor diet or not enough exercise?

Answer 12

• Type 2 diabetes
• Cardiovascular disaeases

Question 13

What are the effects of a poor diet and low exercise?

Answer 13

• Body does not repond correctly to the production of insulin
• Increased blood cholesterol can lead to CHD.

Question 14

What are the Disease you can get from alchahol?

Answer 14

• Impaired liver function
• Impaired brain function
• Affected development of unborn babies

Question 15

What are the effects of alcohol?

Answer 15

• Long term alcohol abuse can cause liver cirrhosis (scarring)
• Damages the brain and can cause anxiety and depression
• Alchahol can pass through the placenta

Question 16

What disease can Smoking cause?

Answer 16

• Lung disease and cancers
• affected development of unborn babies

Question 17

What effects does Smoking have?

Answer 17

• Cigarettes contain carsinogens which can cause cancers
• Chemicals can pass through the placenta

Question 18

What is cancer?

Answer 18

Result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and division by mitosis

Question 19

What does mitsosis cause?

Answer 19

The formation of abnormal cells called a tumor

Question 20

What are malignant tumors?

Answer 20

Cancerous tumours that invade neighbouring tissues and spread to other parts of the body in the blood.

Question 21

What are benign tumours?

Answer 21

Non-cancerous tumours that do not spread in the body