Cell Biology

Question 1

What are parts of a plant cell?

Answer 1

• Rigid cell wall
• Large vacuole
• Chloroplasts
• (Nucleus, cytoplasm, Cell membrane and mitochondria).

Question 2

What does the Nucleus do?

Answer 2

Contains DNA that controls what the cell does.

Question 3

What does the Cytoplasm do?

Answer 3

Its a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen.

Question 4

What does the Cell Membrane do?

Answer 4

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.

Question 5

What does the Mitochondria do?

Answer 5

• This is where most of the reactions for respiration take place.
• Respiration releases energy that the cell needs to work.

Question 6

What does the rigid cell wall do?

Answer 6

It is made up of cellulose and it gives support for the cell.

Question 7

What does the large vacuole do?

Answer 7

Contains sap and a weak solution of sugar and salts.

Question 8

What do chloroplasts do?

Answer 8

This is where phtotosynthesis occurs. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll.

Question 9

What are the features of a Bacteria cell?

Answer 9

• Chromosomal DNA
• Plasmids
• Flagellum
• Cell wall

Question 10

What is the single cell in the womb called?

Answer 10

zygote

Question 11

How do the steam cells know what genes to use?

Answer 11

The body sends signals

Question 12

What happens in protein synthesis?

Answer 12

Copies the gene from a DNA and takes it to another cell

Question 13

What are the features of a sperm cell?

Answer 13

• Tail to swim to the ovum and fertilise it
• Lots of mitochondria to give it energy to swim to the ovum

Question 14

What are the features of a Red blood cell?

Answer 14

• No nucleus so more room to hold oxygen
• Contains hemoglobin which is a red pigment that binds to oxygen
• Flat bi-concave disc shape to increase surface-area to Volume ratio

Question 15

What are the features of a muscle cell?

Answer 15

• Contains proteins fiber which contract
• Contains alot of mitochondria to release energy from respiration

Question 16

What are the features of a nerve cell?

Answer 16

• Branched endings, called dendrites, to make connections with other neuronsor effectors
• myelin sheath insulates the axon to increase the transmission speed of the electrical impulses

Question 17

What are the features of a Root hair cell?

Answer 17

• Long projection speeds up the absorbtion of water and mineral ions by increasing the surface area of the cell
• Lots of mitochondria to releaseenergy for the active transportof mineral ions from the soil

Question 18

What are the features of a Palisade cell?

Answer 18

• Lots of chloroplasts containing chlorophyll to absorb light energy
• Located at the top surface of the leaf where it can absorb the most light energy

Question 19

What are the two types of eukaryotic cell?

Answer 19

Animal and plant

Question 20

What type of cell are Bacteria?

Answer 20

Prokaryotic

Question 21

How are electron and light microscopes different?

Answer 21

• Electron microscopes use beams of electrons, much more expensive, higher magnification and resolution.
• Light microscopes use beams of light, much cheaper.

Question 22

What are 3 adaptations of a red blood cell?

Answer 22

No nucleus, Cantains hemoglobin which binds to oxygen, Has a bi-concave shape.

Question 23

Total of the lenses

How do you work out total magnification?

Answer 23

Objective lens magnification X Eyepeice lens magnification

Question 24

Using the object

How do you work out magnification?

Answer 24

Size of object / Actual size of object