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History Elizebethan England > The Spanish Armada > Flashcards

The Spanish Armada Flashcards

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1
Q

Why didn’t Phillip launch the Armada?

A mistaken reason.

A

The armarda was already being made when Mary queen of Scots was executed therefore her death wasn’t a cause

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2
Q

Scotts or Scots?

A

Scots

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3
Q

What were 4 reasons for the Spanish Armarda?

A

Religion

Polotics

Provication

Circumstances

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4
Q

How did religion play a part in the Spanish Armada?

A

Phillip wanted to get rid of heresy and the paacy wanted Elizebeth overthrown from 1570

The pope promised ot forgive sins of those who took part and offered a reward to Phillip if he was sucessful

Spain and the papacy had both backed plots against Elizebeth

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5
Q

How did provication effect the Spanish Armada?

A

Drake’s actions in the new world

Elizebeth supported Dutch rebels

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6
Q

How dod politics effect the Spanish Armada?

A

Treaty of Joinvill (1584)
Treaty of Nonsuck 1585
England would be a useful adition ot Phillip’s empire

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7
Q

How did the circumstances effect the decision to send the Armada?

A

Soain aquird Portugal in 1580 (mabye he wanted more)
The Duke of Parma’s sucess in the Netherlands
Elizebeth looked week as she was very hesitant to do things

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8
Q

How many ships took part in the Armada?

A

130

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9
Q

Hwo many guns did the Armada have?

A

2,431

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10
Q

How mnay men did the Armada have?

A

30,000

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11
Q

What did the Armada have?

Men, gins, ships?

A

30,000 men
2,431 guns
130 ships

Largest fleet Europe had ever seen

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12
Q

Who was of command of the Armada?

A

Duke of Medina-sidonia (he may have been sea sick)

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13
Q

What was the orders for the Armada?

A

Sail across the English channel to the Netherlands
Join up with the Duke of Parma
Together they would transport 27,00 troops to kent
Parma would then march on London, depose Elizebeth and make England Catholic again

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14
Q

How did England deffet the Armada?

A

Long term planning - Englands ships design
Parma didn’t controll the deep see port which was saved by the Duke of Leitseter
The raid on Cadiz destoryed Spanish suppies - many supplies rotted

Flaws in the Spanish plan
Unlucky weather
Communication problems

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15
Q

Hwo was the treasurer of the navy?

A

John Hawkins

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16
Q

What did the treasurer of the navy tell Elizebeth

A

That English ships needed to be fast and easily manuverable

17
Q

What were new English ships called?

A

Galleons

18
Q

When were galleons build?

A

From the early 1570s

19
Q

Describe galleons?

A

Guns were mounted on smaller gun carriages

There was space on the deck for cannons to recoil

This ment that galleons could fire up to 6x as many cannon balls that the Spanish and from a further distance

20
Q

Jwo many agkkeons dod Elizebeth have by the time of the armada?

A

By 1588 only 24

21
Q

When was the Spanish Armada?

A

1588

22
Q

What was wrong with Spanish supplies?

Why?

A

The barrel quality was inferior because Drake destorryed a lot of the provisions in Cadiz
Food had rotted becuase (duke ot bad weather) the Armada had already been at sea for 10 weeks
When the English biarded a captured Spanish ship they found that the food supplies was already rotting

23
Q

What did documents writen by Medina-Sidonia indicate?

A

That the Armada was low on supplies of the necesary cannon balls

Archaeological evidence suggest that the balls were very low quality

24
Q

Why were their communication issues?

A

Messages could be intercepted by the Engkish as they had to go through the Spanish Armada

It took 1 week for messages to reach the other so 2 weeks to get a responce

25
Q

What was a problem with the the Spanish plan?

A

Duke ot Robert Dudley Spain didn’t have any deep sea ports in the Netherlands wh ih was necesary for the ships

This ment that it would take 48 hours to load the ships with men in the Netherlands

26
Q

When was the Armada spotted by English sailors?

A

29the July 1588

27
Q

When did the English open fire on the Spanish?

Where did they set sail from?
What did it achieve?

A

Having set sail from Plymouth they open fired on the 31 July and captures 2 ships?

28
Q

Where and when were there exchanges of heavy can on fire after the initial attack?

A

Isle of Wight

3-4 August

29
Q

Why was atatcking the Spanish at the Isle of White significant?

A

Medina-Sidonia wanted to salfey ancher there - the attack prevented this - if this had went to plan for the Spanish the the Duke pf Parma may have been able to get the messages in time to prepare of the Armada

30
Q

When was the battle of Gravelines?

A

8th August 1588

31
Q

What happened on the 6th August 1588?

What did this achieve?

A

The English sent fire ships amongst the Spanish fleet - this did little damage but scattered the Spanish ships

Some ships crashed into each other or became shipwrecked in the panic

32
Q

What happened on the 8th August 1588?

What effect did this have?

A

After Spanish ships regrouped the English engaged them at the battle of Gravelines

This deffeted the Armada and made it so that most ships had to try and escape by going around the UK

33
Q

What did the most damges to the Spanish Armada?

A

Storms whilst they were traveling home around Ireland and Scottish coasts

Thousands were killed

34
Q

Why could Phillip take the Blame of the degfet of the Armada?

A

He seemed to ignore military commanders whilst Elizebeth left the key decisions to her commanders

35
Q

Who was in controll of the English fleet during the Spanish Armada?

A

Francis Drake
The Earl of Nottingham
Lord Seymour

36
Q

How did Elizebeth increase morral before the Spanish Armada?

A

She adressedher troops at Tilbury in Essex

37
Q

What was the consequences of England beeting the Spanish Armada?

A

Big propaganda victory for England
Ensured there superiority in the sea
God seemed to favour protostantism
May have influenced them in making colonies in the new world
It encouraged the dutch rebels to renew there fight in the Netherlands and it made the Ango-Dutch allience stronger

History Elizebethan England (12 decks)

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