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History Elizebethan England > The Situation Of Elizebeth's Accession > Flashcards

The Situation Of Elizebeth's Accession Flashcards

1
Q

What was England like at Elizebeths start?

A

Often violent and dangerous as there was no police or permenat army

There was no equality

Sexist (women wern’t belived to be phycicly, mentaly or emotionaly to govern)

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2
Q

Who was at the top socioty?

First 2?

A

Nobility

Gentry

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3
Q

Who was 3rd in Elizebeth society structure?

A

Yeomen

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4
Q

Who was the 4th layer of Elizebeth heirachy?

A

Tenant Farmers

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5
Q

Who was the 5th layer of Elizebeth heirachy?

A

Landless or labouring poor

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6
Q

Who was the 6th layer of Elizebeth heirachy?

A

Vagrants, homeless

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7
Q

In towns who was at the top of society?

A

Merchents (often they owned a lot of land)

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8
Q

In towns who was 2nd in the social heirachy?

A

Proffesionals like teachers, clergy, doctors and laywers

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9
Q

In towns who was 3rd in the social heirachy?

Explain them?

A

Business owners they are usualy highly skilled craftmen who employ others

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10
Q

In towns who was 4th in the social heirachy?

A

Skilled craftsmen

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11
Q

In towns who was 5th in the social heirachy?

A

Unskilled workers and the unemployed

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12
Q

Which individual was at the very top of the heirachy?

A

The Queen

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13
Q

What % of people worked and lived in the countryside?

A

About 90%

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14
Q

About how mnay members were there in the Privy counsil?

A

About 19

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15
Q

What was the most important authority apart from the queen?

A

The Privy Counsil

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16
Q

What are parliment made out of?

A

The house of Lords and the house of Commons

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17
Q

How many times did Elizebeth 1st called parliament in her reign?

A

10 times

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18
Q

What did each county have?

A

A lord Lieutenant chosen by the monarch

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19
Q

Why were the Lord Lieutenant’s important?

A

If they were on the side of the monarch then the monarch could rule over parts of the country that were far away

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20
Q

What were JP’s?

A

Justices of Peace were land owners who kept law and order in their areaa.

They were unpaid and were a position of status and were therefore very disliked

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21
Q

What was th role of the court?

A

To entertain and advice the monarch

Act as a display of wealth and power

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22
Q

What was the role of the Privy counsil?

A

To debate current ishues and advice the queen

Make sure the monarchs final decisions were carried out

They oversaw local governments and JP’s of England and parliment

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23
Q

What was the role of Parliment?

A

The grant extraordinary taxation (increases taxes in a time of need) especialy war

Pass laws

Offer advice to the government

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24
Q

What was the role of the Lord Lieutenants?

A

They were incharge of raising and training local militia

Part of the local government

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25
What was the role of JP's?
To make sure all government policies were carried out Heard more serius criminal cases every couple of months Part of the local government
26
What was the divine right of kings?
The belief that the Monarch was chosen to rule by Fod therefore they can never be wrong/questioned. Elizebeth belived in his as well as the majority of the country
27
Because of the divine right of kings what else could Elizebeth do?
Declear war and make peace Call and dismiss parliament Stop laws from going through Rule in legal cases Grant titles land, money and jobs
28
Who was the secratary of state most of the time under Elizebeth?
Sir William Cecil
29
When did William Cecil stop being the Secratary of State?
1573
30
Why did the monarch need parliment?
To raise extraordinary taxation
31
Some areas, only the monarch had the right to decide upon. What was this called?
Royal prerogative
32
What did Elizebeth say about royal prergogative matters? Give some examples?
She said it was her duty to stop parliment discussing certian matters. These included succesion, policy and marriage
33
In elizebethan house of commons what were there none of?
No political parties No prime minister
34
How were MP's chosen?
Candidates for election were chosen by the Privy counsil
35
What happened to some MP's?
They were sent to the Tower of London even though they said they had free speach
36
What is a legitimate monarch?
It mean being born whilst the reigning king and queen were married (in wedlock) This was nit the case for Elizebeth
37
Who was Elizebeths mother?
Anne Boleyn
38
Who was Henry viii first wife?
Catherine of Aragon
39
When did Henry viii want to divorce Catherine of Aragon?
1533
40
Who was Mary I (Queen of England) mother?
Catherine of Aragon
41
Why did Henry divorce Catherine of Aragon?
He wanted a male heir as he didn't think a women would be able to run England
42
What was the English Reformation?
When the Pope refused to divorce Henry. Henry split from the Catholic Church and made the Church of England so that he could grant himself a divorce
43
When did Henry viii marry Anne Boleyn?
25th January
44
When was Elizebeth born?
7th September
45
Why did the English reformation cause a problem for Elizebeth?
Commited Catholics saw her as iligitimat as they never recognised the divorce and therefore thought that Elizebeth wasn't born in wedlock
46
Other than not being born in wedlock why else was Elizebeth seen as iligitimat?
After Anne Boleyn was executed Henry viii said she was iligitimat (however he latter reverced that)
47
When was Anne Boleyn executed?
1536
48
What would of been a positive of Elizebeth marrying?
Her husband could fufil a military role Having children would ensure englands future
49
What would be a negative of Elizebeth marrying?
Wives were expected to be obediant to their husbands so who would she marry as she was the queen of england The only man who she could marry would be a foreign prince or king. But he would put his countries needs after englands
50
What were Elizebeths views on marriage?
She had no intention of doing it. She even stopped parliment and the privy council talking about it
51
Who did Elizebeth turn down offers of marriage from?
Her brother in law, Phillip of Spain King Erik of Sweden The french heir to the throne, The Duke of Alencon
52
What were the dates of Mary 1's regin?
1553-1558
53
How did Mary 1st reign effect England?
She allied with Spain in a war against France which they lost Englands finances were low and there had been some bad harvests There was also disease, hunger and poverty Mary married Phillip 1st of Spain which was so unpopular it lead to a rebelion Mary burned almost 300 people for their religios belives which was unpopular
54
Describe Elizebeth?
She was highly inteligent and well educated with a great eye for deatail She spoke Greek, Latin, French and Italian She also had experience being a prisioner in the Tower of London She understood the dangers of politics She was confident and charismatic She had a temper that people feared She was indecisive and took a long time to make her mind up
55
Why and When was Elizebeth held in the Tower of London
In 1554 on suspicion of treason
56
Why did Elizebeth often frustrate the privy council?
She was indecisive and took a long time to make uo her mind
57
What did Elizebeth do with her mother?
She campaigned to make her remembered in a positive way. To try and make public oppinion like her
58
Why was England in trouble when Elizebeth became queen?
They were £300,000 in debt (in 1558 currency) | As has been fighting costly laws
59
What was the total income of the crown in 1558?
£286,667
60
How could the crown raise money?
Renting their land Taxes Special additional taxes Profits of justice (fines ect from crime) Loans (sometimes loans were forced meaning they were cumpulsory and never repaid
61
What does debasement mean?
The government reduced he amount of silver in each coin. It made the coin kess valuable
62
Why did Elizebeth need money?
To deffend England To try and regain Calais Ruling effectivly needed money It would probaly make her more popular if she got England power (money)
63
Were taxes popular?
No
64
Whta were France like in the start of Elizebeths reign?
Wealthier and more powerful, Larger population It was a traditional enemy of England and a traditional ally of Scotland
65
What was the allyship between France and Scotland called?
The Auld Alliance
66
What was the relationship between Elizebeth and Mary?
Second Cousins (grand daughters of Henry VIII sister) This ment she had a strong claim to the English throne
67
Who was Mary Queen of Scotts married to?
Francis, heir to the French throne (King Francis II'
68
When did Mary become queen of France?
1559
69
What did Mary, Queen of Scotts do after Mary, Queen of England died?
She declared herself the legitimet Catholic claiment to the English throne
70
What type of people wanted Mary Queen of Scotts as Queen?
English Catholic
71
Describe Scotland and it's English boarder?
Scotland was a traditional enemy of England ``` The border (correct spelling) was remote and hard to defend It saw constant fighting and raids ``` In 1558 There was French troops stationed in France
72
Who was ruling Scotland in 1558?
Mary, Queen of Scotts (Mary of Guise) was ruling for her daughter
73
Since when did England own Calais?
England had help the port of Calais since 1347
74
Why was Calais useful?
It was used as a military base | It was an important trading port
75
What happened relating Calais in 1550s
England (under rule of Mary (Queen of England)) sided with Spain in a war against the French which ended in deffet
76
When did the Anglo-French war end?
1559
77
What was the treaty called that ended the Anglo-French called?
Cateau-Cambrésis
78
What did the War with France achieve?
They lost the port of Calais
79
Why did Elizebeth want to regain Calais?
It would make her popular It would let her claim glory over past monarchs It was an important part of Elizebeths foreign policy If she was popular then it would make her position more secure
80
Why was Elizebeth concerned with France and Spain?
They were both roman catholic countries whilst England was a protestant country
81
How were Protestants different from Catholics?
They were christians however they didn't accept the pope as their leader and they didn't agree with some catholic teachings eg mass in Latin

History Elizebethan England (12 decks)

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