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History Elizebethan England > Relations With Spain > Flashcards

Relations With Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the papal bull excommunicating Elizebeth sent?

A

1570

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2
Q

When was the Ridolfi plan?

A

1571

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3
Q

When were Catholic priests first smuggled into England?

A

1574

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4
Q

When was the pacification of ghent signed?

A

November 1576

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5
Q

When did the Spanish fury end?

How?

A

November 1576

With thr sacking of Antwerp

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6
Q

What did Don Juan do?

A

Agreed to abide by the pacification of Ghent but 6 months latter vrought Spanish troops into the Netherlands

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7
Q

Who was Don Juan

A

Phillip’s Brother

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8
Q

What happened in 1577?

A

Don Juan agrees with the pacification of Ghent

John Casimir arrives with 6,000 volenteers to fight in the Netherlands

Drakes circumnavigation beggins

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9
Q

What happened in 1579?

A

Duke of Parma take charge in the Netherlands

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10
Q

What happened in 1580?

A

Phillip II takes controll of Portugal

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11
Q

What happened in November 1980?

A

Drakes returns from his circumnavigation ofmthe world

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12
Q

When was drake knoghten on the Goldon Hind?

A

1581

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13
Q

What was England compared to Spain?

A

England had a much smaller population and was also far less wealthy

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14
Q

What were Elizebeths foreign policy’s?

A

Developing and protectign trade to benefit the English economy
Protecting England’s borders
Protecting the English throne
Avoiding war

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15
Q

What was an advantage of the new world?

A

It could make hige profits
A lot of trade oppotunities
Valuable materials

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16
Q

Where did alot of Englands trade in the Netherlands take place or go through?

A

Antwerp

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17
Q

Who controlled much of the new world?

A

Spain

Theu claimed most of it including Florida, Mexico, pannama, chile

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18
Q

What valuabe things were there in the New world?

A

Tabacco and Sugar

Silver/gold

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19
Q

What did you need to trade in the Americas?

A

A licence from Spain

Although many people ignored it (especialy English sailers) some of them even attacked Spanish ports and ships lke Drake

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20
Q

Who discovered the new world?

When?

A

Leif Erikson but Columbus claimed to have found it first in 1492

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21
Q

What was a privateer?

A

Often with support from their government they would capture other ships

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22
Q

Who was Francis Drake?

A

An English merchant who traded in the New World. He made loads of money for people who invested in his voyages

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23
Q

Give an example of when Drake made a lot of money?

A

West Indies 1570-71. From Spanish ships

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24
Q

What did Drake do for the crown in 1572?

A

He was hired by Elizebeth by a privateer and went to Panama.

He made 40,000 for the crown from Spanish silver

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25
Q

Why didn’t Elizebeth greet Drake when he got back to Enlgand in 1572?

A

She didn’t want to anger Phillip II as he saw Drake as a private

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26
Q

What was Elizebeth offical plan for Drake in November 1577?

A

Sail around th tip of Chile to go to the Pacific coast and to bring gold, sliver and spices back to England

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27
Q

What was Elizebeth unoffical plan for Drake in November 1577?

A

To atatck Spanish colonies

This made relations worse

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28
Q

What happened to Drake’s 1577-80 voyage

A

He circumnavigated the world

He was the first English person to do it and the second in the world

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29
Q

How many ships did Drake leave England with and how many did he return with?

A

5

1 the Golden Hind (the rest were destoryed before he got into the pacific ocean

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30
Q

What was the outcome of Drakes Circumnavigation?

A

He plundered Spanish porte
He claimed a region of North California in the Queens name and called it New Albion
He brought £400,000 of Spanish treasure back with him (of 1570 momey, way more now)(some of this went to incesters but a lot went to the crown)
Drake was knited by Elizebeth

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31
Q

What did Drakes knighting do?

A

Angered Phillip II as he way him as a private

32
Q

What was an effect of England turning protostants?

A

English and Spanish had been traditional allies but once England stopped being Catholic it all changed

33
Q

Why did Spain and France both want England as an ally?

A

To help beat the other

France: they were surrounded by Spanish terrerory except to the North

Spain: England would help keep Spanish ships safe in the Channel

34
Q

Why did Elizebeth do about the Netherlands?

A

Trying to avoid war

Tried to apply preasure on Spain

35
Q

What soarked the initial revolt in the Netherlands?

When?

A

Phillip challenged the atonomy of Netherland (right to govern themself)

1566

36
Q

How did Elizebeth apply preasure on Spain?

A

By indirectly Dutch Protostants
By allowing Spanish Ships to be attacked
By peruing friendly relations with France
By encouraging others to fight in the Netherlands

37
Q

Why did Elizebeth do to threaten Phillip?

When?

A

In the 1570’s Elizebeth offered a marriage promise to the (french) Duke of Alençon

This didn’t work so she influenced him to fight Spain in the Netherlands

This was risky because Elizebeth didn’t want France to get to powerful by gaining the Netherlands

38
Q

Why was Elizebeth relictant to help Dutch protostants rebels?

A

Philip may aid English Catholic
The pope would back Spain to invade England. This would mean the France would back Spain
It could cost too much for England

39
Q

What was the Spanish governemnt in the Netherlands like in 1576?

What did this led to?

A

It was almost bancrupt

There forces mutinied the “Spanish Fury”

40
Q

What was the Spanish Fury?

A

Spanish Army in the Netherlands mutinied and Sacked Antwerp in Nivember 1576

The 17th Dutch protostants (Protostant and Catholic) drew up the Pacification of Ghent

41
Q

What did the Pacification of Ghent demand?

A

All Spanish troops would be expelled from the Netherlnads
They would get political autonomy
An end to the religious persecution

42
Q

What does sacking move?

A

To rob a town or city causing a lot of damage

43
Q

What is an expeditionary force?

A

An armed force sent to a foreign country to achieve a specific function or objective

44
Q

How much money did Elizebeth send the dutch rebels?

A

£100,000

And agreed to (some time in the future) send an expeditionary force

45
Q

Who agreed to the Pacification of Ghent?

A

Phillip’s brother Don Juan

46
Q

What happened 6 month after the Pacification of Ghent?

A

Spain took charge again

47
Q

What did Elizbeth do in responce to Phillip re attacking the Netherlands?

A

She hired a mercenary, John Casimir and gave him money to raise an army of 6,000 soldiers

She didn’t send the offical English army so it wasn’t officaly an a
Ango-Spanish war

48
Q

What did Casimir achieve?

A

Devestated Catholic churches and pushed them to make a treaty with Spain (not the aim)

49
Q

What is a Mercenary?

A

A soldier who fights for money rather than a cause or nation

50
Q

Who helped the Nethelands in the rebellion?

A

The Duke of Alençon

The Peovy counsilers encouraged Elizebeth to get involved but then France did

51
Q

Who was the Duke of Parma?

A

By 1579 (either 1578/9)

A far more effective military leader had replaced Don Juan who was sent by Phillip II.

Spain now had the upper hand

52
Q

What was the international situation in 1578?

A

Spaon was finacialy week
France and England were allies
Don Juan wasn’t very sucessful
Dutch leader William of Orange was popular
The Duke of Alençon led an army in the Netherlnads

53
Q

What was the International situation in 1579?

A

Spain was finanicaly weak
France and Spain was allies
Duke of Parma replaced Don Juan
Spain began making headway against the Nethelrnads
John Casimir’s troops violently attacked Catholic churches
Southern Dutch Netherlnad provences made peace with Spain
Alençon withdrew from the Netherlands

54
Q

When did the Duke of Alençon coem to England?

A

October 1581

55
Q

When did the Duke of Aleçon return to the Netherlnds?

A

1582 (after Elizebeth gave him £70,000 for his support in the Netherlands)

He then retirned to France in 1583

56
Q

When did the Duke of Alençon die?

A

10 June 1584

57
Q

When was William the Orange assasonated?

A

10 July 1584

58
Q

What did The French Catholic League sign at the end of 1584?

A

The Treaty of Joinville. This secured his help against French protostant rebels.

In 1585 the French king signed up as well

This effectivly made France and Spain allies

59
Q

What was the significance of the death of the Duke of Alençon?

A

He could no longer fight in the Nethelands
The new heir to the French theone was a protostant which led to the formation of the Catholic League
It led to a religius war in France

60
Q

What was the significance of William of Orange’s assasonation?

A

It ahowed how easy it was to assosonate somwone like Elizebeth
Dutch protostants needed a leader. Many looked to Elizebeth (not what she wanted)
Without a leader Nethelrnds would be deffeted

61
Q

Why was it bad if Elizebeth was seen by Dutch protostants as a leader?

A

It may look like Elizebeth agreed and was trying to overthrow Phillip

62
Q

How did Elizebeth take direct action in the Nethelands?

A

In June 1585 she refused the crown (offered by Dutch protostant representitives which came to England) of the Netherlands

She signed the treaty of Nonsuch

She woudl finacne an army of 7,40 English troops in the Netherlands under the command of the Earl of Leister

She also sent Drake on raids to try and distract Spain

63
Q

What did the Treaty of Nonsuch do?

A

Basicly put England and Spain at war

64
Q

Who was the Earl of Leicester?

A

Robert Dudley

65
Q

What did the Pope tell Phillip to do?

When?

A

Invade England

End of 1585

66
Q

When and what was the Treaty of Berwick?

A

Made Englands northern boarder a lot more secure

Elizebeth and James VI agreed to maintain protostism and to help each other if they were Invaded

67
Q

Why wasn’t Dudley given enough money to fight in the Netherlnads?

A

Elizebeth still hoped for a peaceful solution

68
Q

Why did Robert Dudleys intervention in the Nethelands?

A

He accepted the title of Governer General of the Netherlands on behalf of Elozebeth

She was furious at him as it looked like she wanted to depose Phillip II

69
Q

What happened in the Nethelands in the summer of 1586?

A

He had only managed to slow down the Duke of Parma

September - they took cojtroll of some forts outside the town of Zutphen
January - it was handed over by an English Captian

70
Q

Who/ what happened to the English Captian that betrade Dudley in the Nethelrnads?

A

Captian Rowland York with Sir William Stanley gave control of a castle outside Zutphen

This led to the Duthc having mistrust with Robert Dudlry because he appointed Stanley

71
Q

When was Leicester caleld back to England?

A

November 1586

But he returned in 1587 but left for good at the end of 1587

72
Q

Why did the Earl of Leicester achieve in the Netherlands?

A

Stop the Duke of Parma capturing the deep sea port

73
Q

Why did the Earl of Leicester achieve in the Netherlands?

A

Stop the Duke of Parma capturing the deep sea port

74
Q

What did Robert Dudley achieve in the Netherlands?

A

Stop the Duke of Parma capturing the deep sea port

75
Q

Why did the English Campaign fail in the Netherlands?

A

Elizebeth was never fully behind the effort - she didn’t sully suply them fully
Leicester wanted to liberate the Netherlands whilst Elizebeth wanted to return it to how it had been governened in 1548

There were bad English, Dutch relations becuase of a lack fo commitment

History Elizebethan England (12 decks)

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