Exploration And Voyages Of Discovery Flashcards
What led the Elizebethans to explore?
To expand trade
The triangular trade
Adventure
New technology
Why did expanding trade led the Elizebethans to explore?
New trading oppotunities - also to sell cloth and wool to
Reports said that there was a lot of new material, crops and potential profit in the new world
Spain had become rich from the new world with Silver mines in Peru and tobacco exports
Why was finding new trade oppotunities assensial for merchants?
Wool trade was slowing down due to conflic with Spain - they needed new customers
Who was John Hawkings?
Key figure in the deffet of the Spainsh Armarder
Slave trader
Navigator
Desdribe some of John Hawkings first slave trade journeys?
He went to Africa in 1562 - transported them across the Atlantic and sold them to Spanish colonists. He them boight Ginger, animal hides, sigar and pearls, made a high profit andrepeated the joirney in 1564
Hwo did adventure make Elizebethans want to explore?
They wanted to find the “north-west pasage”
People wanted to become famouse and rich when they red about voyages
Why did New technology make Elizebethans want to explore?
Navigation
Maps
Ship design
Why did better navigation mean that more Elizebethans went exploring?
It was easier and less chance of getting lost, made them faster as more and easier mathimatical ways of naviagting were published in books
What were 2 better navigation techniques that were discovered?
Quadrant
Astrolabe
What was the navigational techinique called Quadrant?
Similar to astrolabe, it was used by sailors to help with navigation at sea.
It was in the shape or a quater circle
What was an astrolabe?
An intrument to help with navigation which was circular
How was their an improvment in maps?
They became more acurate as ship journals were better
In 1569 the Mercator map was developed
Printing of maps ment that they could be used by a lot of people and you didn’t need to make your own map which would be wrong (or use someone elses like a friend)
What new map was deceloped in 1569
Mercator map
Who developed the Mercator map?
Gerardus Mercator
Hwo did the Mercator map work?
It ised lines of lattitude and longitude to place land more accuratly on maps
How did shipyards help increase exploration?
New and better ships could be built quicker and in large quanitites
Hwo did ships become better?
Large and more stable
Faster and more manuverable
Better fire power
What was rhe new type of English ship called?
Galleons
What were other advantages of galleons?
They could carry larger cargoe
They were also more stable fast and manuverable as they were designed to be like fish
They were also faster and more manuverable because they used different sails on the same vessel (some were better for different things)
There were more sails menaing they were faster and the boat could bemoved more acuratly
They could also deffend themselfs really well from piracy
Hwo long did Drakes circumnavigation of the golve take?
Almost 3 years
1577-80
What did Elizebeth do when Drake returned from his circumnavigation?
She knited him on the deck of the royal Hind (which really angered Phillip)
Why did Drake circumnavigate the world?
He didn’t mean to. He went to the west side of America to raid the Spanish and couldn’t find the north west passage so he went the other way around the world
What happened to Drake (with whom) in their 1567-68 voyage?
The Spanish had attacked him and John Hawkins. Drake wanted revenge on the Spanish
They were attacked at St Juan de Ulúa
325 sailors killed - Drake and Hawkins returned to England with 15 sailors
How mich did Drake make in his circumnavigation of the world?
£500,000 of Elozebethan money
(Not it would be worth over £100 million
