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History Elizebethan England > Raleigh And Virginia > Flashcards

Raleigh And Virginia Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Sir Humfrey set out to discover North America?

A

1578

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2
Q

When did Gilbert lead another voyage into the Americas?

A

1583

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3
Q

When did Raligh send a fact finding mission to Virgina

A

1584

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4
Q

When did the colonists set sail for America (1st try)

A

1585

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5
Q

When did the surviving colonists abbandom virginia (1st time)?

A

1586

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6
Q

When did a new group of colonist arrive in Roanoke (2nd try)?

A

1587

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7
Q

When was Roanoke discovered to be abadoned?

A
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8
Q

Describe Walter Raleigh?

A

Born into a gentry’s family
He was an explorer, courtier, Writer and historian
He popularised Tobacco in England

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9
Q

Why was Raleigh important even thoigh he didn’t go to Virgina?

A

He investigated and organised funds for the establishment of the colony
He promoted the voyage and made it happen
He appointed the governer of Virgina who ruled in his place
He developed “blueprints” that was used for latter English colonisation

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10
Q

What was the first stage of the colonisation of Virgina?

A

He sent a fact finding expedition in 1584

Reports described the area as paradise

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11
Q

Why was the fact finding mission important?

A

It described the area as paradise which persuaded people to go (there had already been a failer mission)

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12
Q

Who were the 2 native americans indians who were brought back to England?

A

Manteo
Wanchese

Theu were broight back in the 1584 fact finding expedition

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13
Q

Who learned the Native American language?

A

A mathamaticion (Thomas Harriot) and he taught them English

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14
Q

Why were Manteo and Wanchese important?

A

They helped the first colonies contact their people (peacefuly)
Theu knew the land and could help make maps ect

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15
Q

Why was the fact finding mission worthwhile financialy?

A

Native americas would barter for cheap simple English items
The colony would provide wprk for English cloth makers and merchants
It could provide exotic mateials such as tobacco

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16
Q

What did the Queen give Raleigh for the colonisation?

A

Not a lot of money like Raleigh hoped but 1 ship and £400 worth of gunpowder

Hower this made the voyage presigious and this encouraged many other poeple to invest in the voyage

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17
Q

How did Raleigh get people to invest?

A

Royal presige
Promising to attack any Spanish ships which they found
He invested a lot of his own money

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18
Q

What chief did the English meet on the fact finding mission?

A

Chief Wingina

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19
Q

Who did Raleigh want to go on the main voyage?

A

300 colonists with differnt skills

Eg clergy, soldiers, farmers, landowners and blacksmiths…

Especialy farmers as they were needed to feed everyone

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20
Q

When did Raleigh want to set sail?

A

With enoigh time so that they could grow crops for the winter but they can’t go without the right kind of colonists

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21
Q

What supplies did the voyage need?

A 
Enough food to get across the Atlantic and untill their harvest
Fresh water for the voyage
Tools and raw materials for the artists
Farming stuff
Seeds for planting
Weapons
Salt for preserving food
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22
Q

What other considerations were there with the fist voyage?

?

A

They could be atatcked by the Spanish
They will need to buy things from the Natives
The colonists would need to know how to build shealter
Huge amount of seeds
A lot of money will need to be raised
Who will lead to voyage

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23
Q

Hwo mnay people went to the first colony?

What jobs did they do?

A

107/300

Almost half were soldiers but he wanted more farmers and less soldiers

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24
Q

How mnay ships were sent to Virgina?

A

5

25
Q

What was the larges ships which was sent to virgina?

A

The Tiger (it also carried all of the perishable goods

26
Q

When did the ships leave England for the fist voyage?

A

April 1585 (this was too late for them to grow food for the winter

27
Q

Where and when did the coloniests land in America?

The first time?

A

Roanoke Island in the late 1585

28
Q

Why wasn’t Raleigh aloud to lead the expedition himslef?

A

Elizebeth wanted all her advicers in England because was with Spain looked likley

And she didn’t want to risk one of her favourite courtiers

29
Q

Who was the Expedition commander of the first voyage?

A

Richard Grenville

30
Q

Why was Richard Grenville good for his Job?

A

He was an experiences soldier and sailor
He was adventuras and hot headed
He didn’t like Ralph Lane

He was known to be feared rather than loved

31
Q

Who was the Governor of Virginia the first time?

A

Ralph Lane

32
Q

Why was Ralph Lane good?

A

He was an expert on fort building.
He was an explorer and a battle hardened soldier

He enjoyed hardship and had an “can do” attitude

33
Q

Who was the Translator and Cartographer Virgina (the first time)?

A

Thomas Harriot

34
Q

Why was Harriot good for his job?

A

He worked with Manteo and Wanchese whom he formed strong bonds with. He was skilled at making maps

35
Q

Why was the colonisation of Virginia so significant?

A

It would undermine Spain
It was the start of the British Empire
There were economic benefits

36
Q

How would the colonisation of Virginia undermin Spain?

A

It showed England could do what Spain did
It would be a base from which Spanish ships could be attacked
It could rival Spains oversea empire

37
Q

How would the colonisation of Virginia start the British Empire?

A

It would provide a guid of how not to do it (it failed)

38
Q

What economic balue would a having a colony have?

A

Theu wouldn’t need to rely on other countries

It contained valuable crops and metals like (silver of gold)

39
Q

Why did the First colonisation attempt fail?

A

The voyage
The colonists
Native Ameircan resistance

40
Q

How did the voyage cause the colony to fail?

A

It left too late
The Tiger became damaged and a lot of the food and seeds were damaged
It was hot and humid so food rotted quickly

41
Q

Why did the colonists cause the colony to fail?

A

They didn’t want to put in the work needed
They wanted to become rich quick
Theu didn’t co-operate with each other
The “gentelmen” didn’t want to do any work - they realised early that they wouldn’t be able to use the Native Americans as slaves
Not enough farmers
English fishing techniques didn’t work in the shallow waters
Gunpowder was spoilered so hunters couldn’t really hunt
Theu were inexperienced and relied on the Native Americans a lot
Most of them wern’t cut out to be in a life with hardship

42
Q

What shows that there were disiplin ishues in the colony?

A

A soldier was executed and his body was left to rot as a warning

43
Q

Why did the Native American’s actions cause the colony to fail?

A

The local chief Wingina was suspisous of the coloniests as it seemed like they could kill them from a distance (diseases). He was unpredicable and grew tired of constant demands from the coloniests

Ralph Lane discovered plans of a joined attack the English settlers (with the different chiefs). He ambushed them and Wingina was killed.

44
Q

When did the colonists arrive back in England?

A

July 1586 they arrived in Portsmouth

45
Q

Which two people mad ethe expedition worse (after the fact)?

A

Thomas Harriot

Thomas Harvey

46
Q

How did Thomas Harriot make the first colonisation attempt worse?

A

He wrote a book about how it wasn: what they were prommised

47
Q

How did Thomas Harvey make the first attempt to colonies worse?

A

He was taken to court because he was in so much debt. He used it as a platform to say how they were loed to about their expectations on Virginia. (He lost a lot of money in Virgina)

48
Q

When was Roanoke?

A

1587-90

49
Q

What was the second attempt to colonise Virgina called?

A

Roanoke

50
Q

How many people/ tyoe of people went on the colonisation of Roanoke?

A

17 women

A lot of people came from poverty as they would be willing to work hard and used to it

51
Q

What were people promised in return to help in Roanoke?

Why?

A

500 achers of land to farm

As an insentive for the poor people who went (made them work hard)

52
Q

Hwo was the Lord of Roanoke?

Why?

A

Manteo

He may encoirage native indians to help the colony

53
Q

Who was in charge fo the expedition to Roanoke?

Why?

A

John White

He had survived the forst attempt and knew what to expect

54
Q

Who was John White’s adviser?

A

George Howe

55
Q

What happened to George Howe?

A

He went issing and was found dead with 16 arrow wounds

56
Q

What happened after George Howe’s death?

A

Manteo led an attack against the Roanoke indians

This was a mistake because they killed many Natives from the Croatoan settlements who were friendly

57
Q

Who left Roanoke to give an update to Raleigh?

What happened when he got back? When?

A

John White

When he returned in 1590 it was deserted (with no sign of a struggle)

58
Q

What word was found in the abbandoned settlement?

Where?

A

Croatoan was foind carved into a post

59
Q

What was the fait of the Roanoke colony?

A

No one knows

History Elizebethan England (12 decks)

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