The Skull 3.3.1 Flashcards
What are the cranial bones?
The eight bones of the skull that surround the brain.
-function is protection (encases the brain)
What are facial bones?
14 bones that form the structure of the face (including nose and mouth)
-protects parts of the respiratory and digestive system
What is the ethmoid bone?
A cranial bone that is located in front of the sphenoid
-makes up part of the nasal cavity
-separates the nasal cavity from the brain
What is foramen magnum?
A hole within the skull, where the spinal cord connects to the brain
-located base of occipital bone
-large, oval shape
What is the frontal bone?
A cranial bone located in the front of the skull above the eyes
-forehead
-most anterior cranial bone (front, forward)
What is lacrimal?
A small bone that sits in front of the ethmoid bone between the eyes and nose
-2 lacrimal bones (one on each side)
- structure assist with the production of tears
-facial bone
What is the mandible?
Lower jaw bone
What is maxillary?
The upper jaw bone.
-facial bone
-2 maxillary bones, one on each side
-together the 2 maxillary bones are called maxilla
-above your mouth below your nose
What is nasal?
(Nasal bone) Forms the bridge or upper part of the bone
-2 nasal bones (one on each side)
What is the occipital bone?
A cranial bone that forms the back and base of the skull.
-located posterior (behind) parietal and temporal bones
What is orbit?
Anatomical term of the eye socket
Socket = bony structure that houses and protects the eyes
-both cranial and facial structures form the orbits
- upper wall = superior wall
- outer wall = lateral wall
- inner wall = medial wall
- lower wall = inferior wall
What is palatine?
The facial bone that makes up the top of your oral cavity and the maxillary bones
(roof of your mouth)
-2 palatine bones
-makes up part of the nasal cavity
What is the parietal bone?
A cranial bone that forms the back and side portions of the skull
-sit behind the frontal bone
-each side of your head has a parietal bone (2)
What is the sphenoid bone?
A cranial bone located behind the frontal bone
-extends from one side of the skull to the other
-forms the base of the bony box the brain is in
What are sutures?
Bands of connective tissue that hold the bones of the skull together
(4 major sutures)
1. Coronal: (front and back sections) connects the frontal and two parietal bones
2. Sagittal: (left to right) connects the two parietal bones
3. Lambdoidal: (lambdoid, back of skull) connects the parietal bones to the occipital bones
4. Squamous: along the side of the skull, connects the parietal and temporal bones
What is the temporal bone?
A cranial bone that forms the side of the skull
-2 temporal bones on each side
-inferior(lower) temporal bone = mastoid process
What is vomer?
A facial bone that sits in the middle of the face and helps divide the nasal cavity into left and right nostrils
-only one vomer bone (just like the mandible, one of each)
What is zygomatic?
The cheekbones (2)
