++++++The Sea

Question 1

Coastal processes

Answer 1

The sea is constantly shaping our coastline. Waves are eroding depositing and transporting material along the coast.

Question 2

Waves what are they

Answer 2

Waves are formed from wind moving across the surface of the sea

Question 3

How waves erode

Answer 3

Hydraulic action, abrasion, compressed air, attrition and solution

Harry and Cora act silly

Question 4

What is hydraulic action

Answer 4

The power of water as it crashes against the coast

Question 5

What is abrasion

Answer 5

Waves pick up stones and throw them against the coast. These stones abrade the coast

Question 6

What is compressed air

Answer 6

Air in rocks become trapped by incoming waves.
the trapped air put pressure on the rocks.
when the water retreats the air expands and the pressure drops.
this repeated compression and release causes the rock to shatter.

Question 7

What is attrition

Answer 7

Stone carried by the waves hit off each other. Over time they’re worn down and smoothed

Question 8

What is solution

Answer 8

Certain rock such as limestone are dissolved by the water

Question 9

Features of erosion in the sea

Answer 9

Headlands and bays
seacliffs
sea Caves arches stacks and stumps

Question 10

What is longshore drift

Answer 10

Waves approach the shore from the side.
This swash pushes the material up the beach at an angle.
The backwash drags the material back down the beach at a right angle.
As the processes repeat the material is moved in a zigzag pattern along the shore.

Question 11

Example of Transport by the sea

Answer 11

Longshore drift

Question 12

Examples of sea deposition

Answer 12

Beaches, sand dunes, sand spits and bars, tombolo’s

Question 13

What is a sand dune

Answer 13

Sand dunes are Mounds of sand that build-up on the shore beyond the high tide Mark at the back of the beach

Question 14

Formation of sand dunes

Answer 14

Sand on the beaches dried by the wind.

Dry sand is lighter so the wind can blow it inland.

The sand becomes trapped by vegetation or other barriers.
It then we build up to form sand dunes.
Marram grass is sometimes planted on sand dunes to stop the sand blowing further inland.
Example- enniscrone strand, county sligo

Question 15

What is a sand spit

Answer 15

Ridge of sand that is connected to the land on one end and juts out to sea on the other

Question 16

What is a sand Bar

Answer 16

It is a narrow Ridge of sand that seals off the mouth of a bay

Question 17

What is a tombolo

Answer 17

A narrow Ridge of sand the joins an offshore Island to the mainland

Question 18

Objects to protect the coast from powerful processors of sea erosion

Answer 18

Groynes, sea walls, gabions, rock armour

Question 19

What is a groyne

Answer 19

Groynes are concrete or Wooden Walls or fences that are built out into the sea at a right angle to the coast.
It reduces longshore drift by trapping sediment carried by the waves. they level out the beach

Question 20

what are sea walls

Answer 20

The walls are built to break the power of incoming waves. There curved at the top to push the waves back out to sea

Question 21

What are gabions

Answer 21

They are steel wire cages filled with Stones. They are stacked on top of each other to act like a seawall. They used to slow down erosion by breaking the power of waves

Question 22

What is rock armour

Answer 22

It is placed at the base of a cliff, sand Dune or sea wall. When a wave breaks, it will hit the Rock armour and lose its energy, this reduces erosion of the coast.

Question 23

What is rock armour

Answer 23

It is placed at the base of a cliff, sand Dune or sea wall. When a wave breaks, it will hit the Rock armour and lose its energy, this reduces erosion of the coast.