+++++Rivers

Question 1

What is a river

Answer 1

A river is fresh water flowing across the surface of the Land usually to the sea

Question 2

List the stages of a river

Answer 2

Youth maturity and old age

Question 3

Erosion definition

Answer 3

The River wears away the landscape

Question 4

Transportation definition

Answer 4

The river carries the eroded material away

Question 5

Deposition definition

Answer 5

The river drops the material it is carrying

Question 6

Processes of river erosion

Answer 6

hydraulic action abrasion attrition solution

Question 7

What is hydraulic action

Answer 7

The power of the water that helps to erode away rock over time

Question 8

What is abrasion

Answer 8

The eroding away of the river bed and river bank by the load carried by the water

Question 9

What is attrition

Answer 9

The hitting of pebbles of each other causing them to become round and smooth

Question 10

What is solution

Answer 10

The water can dissolve some of the minerals example: limestone on the river bed and Banks

Question 11

Processes of river Transportation

Answer 11

Rolling (traction),bouncing (saltation), suspension and solution

Question 12

What is rolling or traction

Answer 12

Large Stones rolled at high flow

Question 13

What is bouncing or saltation

Answer 13

The Hopping motion of pebbles

Question 14

What is suspension

Answer 14

Small particles held up with in the water

Question 15

What is Solution

Answer 15

Rocks that have been dissolved into the water by weak acids

Question 16

What is river deposition

Answer 16

Rivers deposit or drop the load when they begin to slow down and lose energy

Question 17

Examples of rivers losing energy

Answer 17

When a river reaches flat ground or enters a lake or sea

Or at the inside bend of a meander

Question 18

A detailed description of a meander

Answer 18

It is deposition and erosion together
It is found in an old stage and mature river
Example: mature stage of the river shannon

Water flows quickly on the outside of the River Bend.
The river erodes the bend by a combination of hydraulic action and abrasion.
Water flows more slowly on the inside bend of the river.
Material is deposited on the inside bend as the river loses energy here.
This causes the river the curve

Question 19

Example of river deposition

Answer 19

A meander

Question 20

A detailed description of an oxbow lake

Answer 20

They are horse-shoe shaped lakes found on the flood plain of old rivers. They are formed by river erosion and deposition. An example can be seen in the river Moy.

1. Erosion by hydraulic action and abrasion takes place on the outside bank of the meander. The neck of land between the meander begins to narrow.
2. During times of flood, the water has increased energy. It takes the shortest course by breaking through the neck and begins to flow in a new, more direct course.
3. Deposits of alluvium (fertile soil) now build up and seal off both ends of the meander. The old section of the meander is now cut off from the main river and becomes known as an ox-bow lake. Over time, the lake may dry up.