The Scope of Clinical Haematology Flashcards
name the 3 main components of blood?
plasma
buffy coat
RBCs
what makes up the plasma?
clotting factors
albumin
antibodies
where are platelets produced ?
the liver
what could cause neurophilia?
infection
inflammation
what could cause neutropenia?
marrow failure
medication to reduce production
increased consumption
altered function
what are the three functions of blood?
transport gases, nutrients, waste
maintenance of vascular integrity (prevents leaks and blockage)
protection from pathogens
where is erythropoietin produced?
the kidney in response to hypoxia
what does erythropoietin stimulate?
stimulates RBC production
what does G-CSF do?
makes the bone marrow produce WBCs
what does thrombopoietin stimulate?
increases platelet production
what is normal ranges of Hb for males and females?
males = 135-170 females = 120-160
what is the normal range of platelets ?
150-400
what is the normal range of WBCs?
4-10
state some haematological tests?
clotting times bleeding times FBC chemical assays marrow aspirate lymph node biopsy imaging
state some causes of splenomegaly?
infection haematological malignancy portal HTN haemolytic disorder connective tissue disorder
state some WBCs?
basophils
monocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
what part of the immune system are antibodies?
adaptive
what can cause lymphopenia?
usually post viral
lymphoma
what could cause lymphocytosis ?
infectious mononucleosis
pertussis
state some symptoms of anaemia
dyspnoea
fatigue
what could decrease Hb to cause anaemia
deficiency in iron, folate, B12
thalassaemia
what does bone marrow anatomy look like?
stroma and sinusoids
what is an erythrocyte differentiated from
erythroblast
what are the life span of platelets
7 days
