Infection in Neutropenic Patients Flashcards
what type of infection does monocytes fight?
fungal infections
what type of infection does eosinophils fight?
parasitic
what type of infection does B lymphocytes fight?
bacterial infection
what type of infection does neutrophils fight?
bacterial and fungal infections
what four prophyaxis should be given to reduce risk of sepsis in haematological malignancy ?
antibiotics
anti-fungals
anti-vitals
PJP (Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) - opportunistic infection
what prophylaxis should be given for PJP?
co-trimoxazole
what other supportive measures apart from prophylaxis is available to reduce risk of sepsis?
growth factors stem cell rescue protective environment (positive pressure) intravenous immunoglobulin replacement vaccination
high long does neutropenia have to last to be high risk?
> 7days
state some additional risk factors for infection?
disrupted skin
altered flora from antibiotics
lymphopenia (immunocompromised)
monocytopenia (chemo)
what type of bacteria is most common in febrile neutropenia ?
gram positive
state some common gram positive bacteria?
MSSA
MRSA
strep viridian’s
coagulase negative
state some common gram negative bacteria?
E coli
Klebsiella
pseudomonas aeruginosa
state some possible sites of infection?
Respiratory tract Gastrointestinal (Typhlitis) Dental sepsis Mouth ulcers Skin sores Exit site of central venous catheters Perianal (avoid PRs!)
state some symptoms of neutropenic sepsis ?
rigors chest infection cellulitis UTI septic shock
what are the sepsis six?
Administer high flow oxygen
Take blood cultures, other cultures, consider source control
Give appropriate IV antibiotics within ONE hour
Measure serum lactate concentration
Start IV fluid resuscitation
Assess/measure urine output
