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Anatomy > The Scalp > Flashcards

The Scalp Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the scalp?

A

SCALP, from superficial to deep

  • S = skin
  • C = dense connective tissue
  • A = epicranial aponeurosis
  • L = loose areolar connective tissue
  • P = periosteum
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2
Q

What is the function of the dense connective tissue layer of the scalp?

A

Connects skin to epicranial aponeurosis

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3
Q

What is within the dense connective tissue of the scalp?

A

Rich vascularisation and innervation

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4
Q

Why can the scalp be a site of profuse bleeding?

A

Blood vessels in deep connective tissue layer very adherent to connective tissue > don’t fully constrict if lacerated

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5
Q

What is the epicranial aponeurosis?

A

Thin, tendon-like structure that connects occipitalis and frontalis muscles

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6
Q

What is the loose areolar connective tissue layer of the scalp?

A

Thin connective tissue layer

Separates periosteum from epicranial aponeurosis

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7
Q

What is within the loose areolar connective tissue layer of the scalp?

A

Blood vessels, including emissary veins

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8
Q

What do the emissary veins of the scalp do?

A

Connect veins of scalp to diploic veins and intracranial venous sinuses

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9
Q

What is the periosteum of the scalp?

A

Outer layer of the skull bones

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10
Q

Why is the loose connective tissue layer of the scalp considered the “danger zone”?

A

Emissary veins potential pathway for spread of infection from scalp to intracranial space

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11
Q

What are the main arteries of the scalp?

A 
Branches of external carotid artery
- Superficial temporal artery
- Posterior auricular artery
- Occipital artery
Branches of ophthalmic artery
- Supraorbital artery
- Supratrochlear artery
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12
Q

What is the area supplied by the superficial temporal artery?

A

Frontal and temporal regions of scalp

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13
Q

What is the area supplied by the posterior auricular artery?

A

Scalp area superiorly and posteriorly to auricle

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14
Q

What is the area supplied by the occipital artery?

A

Back of scalp

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15
Q

What area of the scalp is supplied by branches of the ophthalmic artery?

A

Anteriorly

Superiorly

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16
Q

With which nerve does the supraorbital artery travel in the scalp?

A

Supraorbital nerve

17
Q

With which nerve does the supratrochlear artery travel in the scalp?

A

Supratrochlear nerve

18
Q

What is the superficial venous drainage of the scalp?

A

Follows arterial supply

  • Superficial temporal vein
  • Occipital vein
  • Posterior auricular vein
  • Supraorbital vein
  • Supratrochlear vein
19
Q

What is the deep drainage of the scalp?

A

Pterygoid venous plexus

20
Q

Where is the pterygoid venous plexus?

A

Between temporalis and lateral pterygoid muscles

21
Q

Into what does the pterygoid venous plexus drain?

A

Maxillary vein

22
Q

What are the cutaneous branches of the trigeminal nerve supplying the scalp?

A

Supratrochlear nerve, from ophthalmic branch
Supraorbital nerve, from ophthalmic branch
Zygomaticotemporal nerve, from maxillary branch
Auriculotemporal nerve, from mandibular branch

23
Q

What does the suptratrochlear nerve supply?

A

Anteromedial forehead

24
Q

What does the supraorbital nerve supply?

A

Scalp between anterolateral forehead and vertex

25
Q

What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve supply?

A

Temple

26
Q

What does the auriculotemporal nerve supply?

A

Skin anterosuperior to auricle

27
Q

What are the cutaneous branches of the cervical nerves supplying the scalp?

A

Lesser occipital nerve, from anterior ramus of C2
Greater occipital nerve, from posterior ramus of C2
Great auricular nerve, from anterior rami of C2 and C3
3rd occipital nerve, from posterior ramus of C3

28
Q

What does the lesser occipital nerve supply?

A

Skin posterior to ear

29
Q

What does the greater occipital nerve supply?

A

Skin of occipital region

30
Q

What does the great auricular nerve supply?

A

Skin posterior to ear and over angle of mandible

31
Q

What does the third occipital nerve supply?

A

Skin of inferior occipital region

Anatomy (30 decks)

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