The Roaring Twenties Flashcards
Issues in 1920s
- Discrimination against women, African Americans, and immigrants
- Debate between Free Market/Mixed Market Principles
After WWI
- US emerges one of the global powers industrially and militarily
- Europe and parts of Asia are in economic ruin because WWI; become dependent on US for assistance/aid and create a bigger market for American goods
The Red Scare
Fear of communists, socialists, anarchists, etc. following a series of anarchist bombings in 1919
-A. Mitchell Palmer coordinated raids on homes of suspected radicals and headquarters of radical organizations across US
Sacco & Vanzetti Trial
two anarchist Italian immigrants convicted for robbery and murder based on who they are rather than evidence
Immigration Quota Act of 1924
The quota for immigrants entering the U.S. was set at two percent of the total of any given nation’s residents in the U.S. as reported in the 1890 census–targeted “undesirable” immigrants most associated with radical ideas
Dawes Plan (1924)
1) U.S. gives $2.5 billion in Loans to Germany
2) Germany pays $2 billion as reperations to the Allies (England & France)
3) Allies give $2.6 billion to the U.S. in War Debt Payments
Foreign Policy in Latin America
- Withdrew troops from the Dominican Republic but left troops in Haiti
- Removed & sent back troops from Nicaragua
- Issues in Mexico when Mexican government infringed on American oil rights but issue resolved diplomatically without use of military force
Women’s Suffrage Movement (1920s)
-Women continue the fight for equality (at home and in the workplace) and the right to vote.
-Women were able to find some success in state voting and rights in the workplace throughout the late 19th century and early 20th centuries.
Successful examples: Atlanta Washerwoman Strike, Muller v. Oregon, Aftermath of Triangle Shirtwaste Fire
Muller v. Oregon
- Oregon passed laws that restricted the amount of hours women could work
- Women therefore could not negotiate with their employers for better working conditions, therefore sued the state of Oregon under violation of the 14th amendment
- The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the state of Oregon, because it was to ‘protect’ the welfare of women.
Prohibition in the 1920s
- Prohibition passed by 18th Amendment and implemented by Congress’s Volstead Act
- Difficult to enforce –> Bootlegging
- Rise in gangs (made $12-18 billion)
Susan B. Anthony (20s)
- Formed the National Women’s Suffrage Association (NWSA) which continue to push for the right to vote for women *
- Wymoning became the first state to allow women the right to vote
Alice Stone Blackwell
- helped bring together the NWSA and the AWSA which had been split over the issue of African-American voting rights
- editor of Women’s Journal magazine which continued to encourage the Women’s Suffrage Movement and Temperance Movement
Carrie Chapman Catt
- Succeeded Susan B. Anthony as President of the NWSA
- Very passionate/skilled speaker who delivered many speeches and recording which brought the movement into the mainstream
- She felt it was more practical to appeal to each state to pass voting rights as opposed to appealing to the Federal Government for an Amendment
Harriet Stanton Blatch
- Daughter of Elizabeth Cady Stanton
- Believed in more militant tactics to achieve suffrage
- Formed Women’s Political Union
- Believed in striking and picketing to achieve results
19th Amendment
On June 4th, 1919 Congress passed the 19th Amendment which gave women the right to vote.
