The Respiratory System

Question 1

Cell Respiration

Answer 1

A chemical reaction in which O2 and glucose are used to produce ATP and CO2

Question 2

Breathing

Answer 2

A physical act of inhaling O2 and exhaling CO2

Question 3

Gas Exchange in the Lungs (EXTERNAL RESPIRATION)

Answer 3

-O2 diffuses from air sacks too the blood in capillaries
-CO2 diffuses from the blood into the air sacks

Question 4

Gas Exchange to the Body Cells (INTERNAL RESPIRATION)

Answer 4

-O2 diffuses from the blood into body cells
-CO2 diffuses from the body cells into the blood

Question 5

Pathway of Oxygen into the Lungs

Answer 5

Mouth/Nose
Pharynx
Larynx/Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Bloodstream

Question 6

Pathway of Carbon Dioxide out of the Lungs

Answer 6

Bloodstream
Alveoli
Bronchioles
Bronchi
Larynx/Trachea
Pharynx
Mouth/Nose

Question 7

Nasal Cavity

Answer 7

Warms, filter and moistens the air

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

Common area that food and air pass through

Question 9

Larynx

Answer 9

Contains the vocal cords

Question 10

Trachea

Answer 10

Made of 15-20 cartilage rings

Question 11

Bronchi

Answer 11

Divide off the trachea and into each lung (also made of cartilage)

Question 12

Bronchioles

Answer 12

Divide off of the Bronchi and end in alveoli (not made of cartilage)

Question 13

Alveoli

Answer 13

Air sacks site of gas exchange and are surrounded by capillaries

Question 14

Diaphragm

Answer 14

Sheet of muscle at the base of our lungs which helps us to power breathing

Question 15

Pleura

Answer 15

Double membrane surrounding each lung; prevent friction when the lungs are expanding and contracting

Question 16

What powers our breathing?

Answer 16

Diaphragm - Under the ribs
Intercostal Muscles - Found between ribs

Question 17

Exhaling

Answer 17

-Diaphragm relaxes - pushes up
-Intercostals relax - push inward
-This creates less room in the chest cavity forcing air out

Question 18

Inhaling

Answer 18

-Diaphragm contracts - pull down
-Intercostals contract - pull out
- This creates more room in the chest cavity allowing air to rush in

Question 19

Gas Exchange at the Alveoli

Answer 19

1) O2 diffuses from the alveolus into the capillary
2) CO2 diffuses from the capillaries into the alveolus

Question 20

How is Oxygen carried through the Bloodstream?

Answer 20

Oxygen travels in the bloodstream bound to the hemoglobin of RBC
OXYHEMOGLOBIN

Question 21

How is Carbon Dioxide carried through the Bloodstream?

Answer 21

2 methods
1. bound to hemoglobin; CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN
about 20%

2. Dissolve in plasma;
   CO2 + H2O –> H2CO3
   (carbonic acid)