Digestive System TEST

Question 1

Autotrophic

Answer 1

Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis

Question 2

Heterotrophic

Answer 2

Organisms that must consume their food

Question 3

Ingestion

Answer 3

The taking in of nutrients

Question 4

Digestion

Answer 4

The breaking down of nutrients into their small intestine

Question 5

Absorption

Answer 5

Blood delivers nutrients to cells

Question 6

Egestion

Answer 6

Elimination of unwanted or indigestible food

Question 7

Mechanical

Answer 7

A physical process that breaks up food into small pieces

Question 8

Chemical

Answer 8

Changes food into its building blocks

Question 9

Teeth

Answer 9

Mechanical Digestion

Question 10

Salivary Glands

Answer 10

Produce Salavia and the starch digesting enzyme salivary amylase

Question 11

Tongue

Answer 11

A muscle that moves food to back of mouth for swallowing

Question 12

Epiglottis

Answer 12

Prevents food from entering the trachea

Question 13

Uvula

Answer 13

Prevents food from entering the nasal cavity (nose) upon swallowing

Question 14

The Pharynx

Answer 14

-Common area that both food and air passes through
-No digestion occurs in the pharynx

Question 15

The Esophagus

Answer 15

-Little to no digestion occurs
-Approximately 10 in long
-Peristalsis begins

Question 16

Peristalsis

Answer 16

Wave like involuntary smooth muscle concentration

Question 17

Cardic (esophageal) Sphincter Valve

Answer 17

Separates esophagus from stomach and prevents back flow of food and stomach acid

Question 18

Acid Refluex (GERD)

Answer 18

Stomach acid back tracks into the lower part of the esophagus

Question 19

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 19

Occurs by means of 3 sets of muscle

Question 20

Chemical Digestion

Answer 20

Of protein takes place here

Question 21

Hyrdochloric Acids

Answer 21

Lowers the pH to activate the protein digesting enzyme, pepsin

Question 22

Other Information

Answer 22

Inner lining of the stomach is protected by a mucous membrane
Protective mucous is also secreted into the stomach contents

Question 23

Pyloric Sphincter Valve

Answer 23

Separates stomach from small intestine and prevents back flow of partially digested food

Question 24

Duodenum

Answer 24

Enzymes and bile are released into this first part of the small intestine

Question 25

Jejunum

Answer 25

Chemical digestion continues and is finished here
Some absorption takes place as well

Question 26

Ileum

Answer 26

Absorption takes place by villi

Question 27

Ileocecal Valve

Answer 27

Seperates small intestine from large intestine and prevents backflow

Question 28

Pancreas

Answer 28

Produces digestive enzymes that move to the duodenum through the pancreatic duct

Question 29

Liver and Gallbladder

Answer 29

Liver produces bile
Gallbladder stores the bile

Question 30

The large intestine has three main sections

Answer 30

1. Ascending Colon
2. Transverse Colon
3. Descending Colon

Question 31

________is formed once water has been removed from undigested food

Answer 31

Feces

Question 32

____________ is produced by good bacteria

Answer 32

Vitamin K

Question 33

If food makes it to the large intestine it was unable to be _____________

Answer 33

digested

Question 34

Rectum

Answer 34

Stores Feces

Question 35

Anus

Answer 35

Eliminated Feces

Question 36

Small Intestine

Answer 36

Averages 22 feet in length

Question 37

Large Intestine

Answer 37

Averages just over 5 feet

Question 38

What is another name for the large intestie?

Answer 38

Colon