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Biology > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA stands for

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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2
Q

3 building blocks of DNA

A

Rectangle - Nitrogen base
Pentagon - Deoxyribose
Circle - Phosphate

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3
Q

DNA is a ___________________________

A

Organic compound, a type of NUCLEIC ACID

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4
Q

DNA contains the elements of _______

A

CHONP

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5
Q

The base sequence of DNA provides ___________________________________

A

The instructions for protein production in the cell

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6
Q

___________ united in the center of the molecule by hydrogen bonds

A

Nucleuotides

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7
Q

4 Nitrogen Bases

A

1 Adenine
2 Guanine
3 Thymine
4 Cytosine

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8
Q

Purines

A

Adenine and Guanine

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9
Q

Pyrimidines

A

Thymine and Cytosine

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10
Q

A pairs with ________
T pairs with ______

A

T
A

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11
Q

G pairs with______
C pairs with______

A

C
G

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12
Q

Prokaryote DNA

A

DNA exists as a single, circular chromosome called plasmid

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13
Q

Eukaryote DNA

A

DNA is coiled around a histone protein and takes on a linear shape forming chromosomes

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14
Q

Topoisomerase

A

Untwists DNA

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15
Q

DNA Helicase

A

Breaks hydrogen bonds between base pairs

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16
Q

Single Stranded Binding Proteins (SSBs)

A

Hold the 2 sides of the ladder apart during replication

17
Q

DNA Primase

A

Alerts polymerase where to copy next

18
Q

DNA Polymerase

A

Bonds new nucleotides according to base pairing rules

19
Q

DNA Ligase “Glue”

A

Bonds okazaki fragments

20
Q

Leading Strand Characteristics

A

Copies toward the replication fork

copies continuously

21
Q

Lagging Strand Characteristics

A

Copies away from the replication fork

copies discontinuously (in fragments)

22
Q

DNA 5 facts

A

1 Deoxyribonulceic acid
2 Sugar is deoxyribose
3
4
5

Biology (16 decks)

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