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Anatomy Test Two Material > The Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Viscera > Flashcards

The Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Splanchnic is associated with what?

A

Viscera

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2
Q

Hepatic is associated with what

A

The liver

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3
Q

Cystic is associated with what?

A

Gallbladder

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4
Q

Colic is associated with what?

A

Colon

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5
Q

Recto is associated with what?

A

Rectum

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of the peritoneum?

A

This translucent serous membrane

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7
Q

What does the parietal peritoneum line?

A

Lines the inner abdominal wall

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8
Q

What does the visceral peritoneum line?

A

The organs

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9
Q

Organs behind the peritoneum are termed what?

A

Retroperitoneal

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10
Q

Where do vessels tend to travel in reference to the peritoneal layers?

A

Between the layers in the mesenteries

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11
Q

What is the peritoneal sac?

A

All visceral and perietal peritoneal membranes

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12
Q

What is a peritoneal cavity?

A

A potential space within a sac

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a peritoneal cavity?

A

Allows organs to move freely without friction

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14
Q

What fills a healthy peritoneal cavity?

A

A small amount of serous fluid

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15
Q

What are the structures in the portal triad?

A

Hepatic artery proper, bile duct, and portal vein

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16
Q

What ligament holds the liver to diaphragm and the anterior abdominal wall?

A

The falciform ligament

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17
Q

Where is the omental bursa?

A

Posterior to the stomach, anterior to the left kidney, and medial to the spleen

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18
Q

What is the opening to the omenta bursa?

A

The omental foramen

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19
Q

What does the greater omentum attach to?

A

To the greater curvature of the stomach and the transverse colon

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20
Q

What is the gastrocolic ligament?

A

This is the “apron” part of the greater omuntum that drapes over the small intestine

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21
Q

How many layers of peritoneum is the greater omentum?

A

Four layers of peritoneum

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22
Q

What are two functional purposes of the greater omentum?

A

It can wall off infection and inflammation sites

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23
Q

What are the three ligaments of the greater omentum?

A

Gastrocolic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, and gastrophrenic ligament

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24
Q

What three things does the lesser omentum attach to?

A

The lesser curvature of the stomach, the duodenum, and the liver

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25
Q

What does the hepatogastric ligament attach?

A

The liver to the stomach

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26
Q

What does the hepatoduodenal ligament attach?

A

The liver to the duodenum

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27
Q

What is contained in the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

The portal triad

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28
Q

The greater omentum is a derivative of what?

A

The dorsal mesentery

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29
Q

The lesser omentum is a derivative of what?

A

The ventral mesenteries

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30
Q

What does the mesentery proper anchor?

A

Most of the small intestine to the abdominal wall

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31
Q

What does the mesentery proper run between?

A

Duodenojejunal junction to the ileocecal junction

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32
Q

About how long is the mesentery proper?

A

15-20 cm

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33
Q

What does the suspensory ligament of Trietz attach?

A

The duodenum to the diaphragm to keep the duodenum from sagging?

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34
Q

What part of the diaphragm does the ligament of Trietz descend from?

A

The left cruz

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35
Q

What does the mesocolon anchor?

A

Portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

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36
Q

What part of the colon does not have mesentery?

A

Ascending and descending portions

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37
Q

What anchors the transverse colon?

A

The transverse mesocolon

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38
Q

What anchors the sigmoid colon?

A

The sigmoid mesocolon

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39
Q

The supracolic compartment of the mesocolon contains what?

A

Stomach liver and spleen

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40
Q

The infracolic compartment of the mesocolon contains what?

A

Small intestine, and ascending and descending colon

41
Q

What does the falciform ligament divide?

A

The liver into right and left lobes

42
Q

What is the inferior most part of the falciform ligament called?

A

The round ligament of the liver

43
Q

The inferior border of the falciform ligament contains what?

A

Obliterated umbilical vein

44
Q

What is the bare area of the liver?

A

This is a portion of the superior liver that has no covering and came through the septum transversum during development

45
Q

What is the coronary ligament?

A

Reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver

46
Q

What does the coronary ligament attach?

A

This attaches the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

47
Q

What is the fetal urachus?

A

Original allantoic diverticulum that persists throughout much of development as a stalk which extends from the bladder to the umbilical region

48
Q

What does the fetal urachus become?

A

Median umbilical ligament

49
Q

What does the median umbilical ligament attach to?

A

The apex of the bladder to the umbilicus

50
Q

What is the median inguinal fossae?

A

The fossae between the medial and lateral umbilical folds

51
Q

What is the median umbilical fossae also called?

A

Inguinal triangles or Hesselbach triangles

52
Q

Where are the lateral umbilical fossae?

A

Lateral to the lateral umbilical folds, including the deep inguinal rings

53
Q

What are the two major pouches in the abdominal cavity?

A

Hepatorenal pouch and rectovesical or rectouterine pouch

54
Q

Where is the hepatorenal pouch and what is the deepest part?

A

Between the liver and kidney and the deepest part is on the right side

55
Q

What is the hepatorenal pouch bounded by?

A

Liver, right kidney, colon, and duodenum

56
Q

What is the quadrate lobe of the kidney?

A

An indention of the posterior wall of the liver just medial to the gall bladder

57
Q

What is the caudate lobe of the liver?

A

This is an indention of the posterior superior wall of the liver just medial to the IVC

58
Q

Where is the gallbladder attached?

A

To the inferior surface of the liver

59
Q

What are the three parts of the gallbladder?

A

Fundus, body, and neck

60
Q

What does the gallbladder come into contact with?

A

Duodenum, colon, and anterior abdominal wall

61
Q

What is the arterial supply to the gallbladder?

A

Cystic artery

62
Q

How much bile is produced each day?

A

About 750 ml

63
Q

What do the right and left hepatic ducts receive?

A

Bile from the right and left lobes of the liver

64
Q

What does the common hepatic duct receive?

A

Bile from the left and right hepatic ducts

65
Q

What does the cystic duct connect to?

A

The gallbladder

66
Q

What does the common bile duct receive?

A

Cystic and common hepatic ducts

67
Q

The common bile duct joins with what before entering the duodenum?

A

Main pancreatic duct

68
Q

The common bile duct and main pancreatic duct enter the duodenum where?

A

The major duodenal papillae

69
Q

The major papillae of the duodenum is what major line of demarkation?

A

The line between the foregut and midgut

70
Q

What does the pancreas consist of?

A

Head, neck, body, tail, and uncinate process

71
Q

Is the pancreas retro- or intraperitoneal?

A

Retroperitoneal

72
Q

What surrounds the pancreas?

A

C shaped duodenum on right and spleen on left

73
Q

The pancreas has drainage into the duodenum at what two points?

A

The accessory duct and the main pancreatic duct connect to the minor duodenal papillae and the major duodenal papillae

74
Q

The spleen contacts the diaphragm along what ribs?

A

9 - 11

75
Q

What is the spleen connected to?

A

The greater curvature of the stomach and the left kidney

76
Q

What is contained in the gastrosplenic ligament?

A

The short gastric and gastro-omental vessels

77
Q

What is the ligament that connects the spleen to the left kidney?

A

Splenorenal ligament

78
Q

What is the ligament that connects the spleen to the stomach?

A

Gastrosplenic ligament

79
Q

The splenorenal ligament contains what?

A

Splenic vessels

80
Q

What is the splenic hilum?

A

This is an entry point for the splenic vessels and occasionally the tail of the pancreas reaches this area

81
Q

What is the arterial supply of the spleen?

A

Splenic artery of the celiac trunk

82
Q

What is the major arterial supply of the foregut?

A

Celiac trunk

83
Q

What is the major arterial supply of the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

84
Q

What is the major arterial supply of the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

85
Q

What are three main branches of the Celiac trunk?

A

Common hepatic, left gastric, and splenic aa.

86
Q

What vertebral level is the aortic hiatus?

A

T12

87
Q

What vertebral level does the aorta bifurcate into left and right common iliac aa?

A

L4

88
Q

Where in relation to the umbilicus is the aortic bifurcation?

A

2 - 3 cm inferior and left

89
Q

The celiac trunk supplies what

A

Liver, gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and spleen

90
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the common hepatic artery?

A

Proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal artery

91
Q

What does the common hepatic artery split into?

A

The left and right hepatic arteries

92
Q

The common hepatic supplies what part of the stomach?

A

The lesser curve

93
Q

The gastroduodenal artery splits into what two branches?

A

The superior pancreaticosuodenal artery (posterior and anterior branches) and right gastroepiploic artery

94
Q

What does the gastroepiploic artery supply?

A

The greater curvature of the stomach

95
Q

What does the left gastric artery supply?

A

Stomach and esophagus (via esophageal branches)

96
Q

What does the splenic artery supply?

A

Pancreas and spleen

97
Q

The splenic artery branches into what?

A

Short gastric and left gastroepiploic arteries

98
Q

The short gastric arteries supply what?

A

The greater curvature of the stomach

Anatomy Test Two Material (16 decks)

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