Pelvis and Pelvic Floor Flashcards
The pelvis is divided into what two regions by the pelvic brim?
False pelvis and true pelvis
Is the viscera of the pelvic cavity intra- or retroperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal
What are the three main bones of the pelvis?
2 os coxae and one sacrum
What are the three parts of the os coxae?
Ilium, ischium, and pubis
What is the shape of the pelvic brim in the male versus the female?
Male = heart shapped Female = oval
Do the male or females have a shorter pubic symphysis?
Females
Do males or females have a narrower pubic arch?
Males, <70 degrees
What is the angular measurement of a female’s pubic arch?
> 80 degrees
Do males or females have more flared iliac (alae) wings?
Females
Ischial tuberosities are closer together in males or females?
Males
The sacrum is shorter and less curved in males or females?
Females
The sacrospinous ligament connects what and borders what?
Ischial spine to sacrum/coccyx, and is the lower boundary of the greater sciatic foramen
The sacrotuberous ligament connects what and borders what?
Ischial tuberosity to the sacrum/coccyx. and is the lower boarder of the lesser sciatic foramen
What are the two major muscles of the pelvic wall?
Prirformis m. and obturator internus m.
What are the three levator ani muscles?
Iliococcygeous m., pubococcygeous m., and puborectalis m.
Where is the coccygeous m. in respect to the levator ani muscles?
Just superior
Describe the shape and location of the perineum?
A diamond shaped region between thigh
What are the two triangles that make up the perineum?
Urogenital and anal
Two apertures in the perineum would indicate male or female?
Male
The ureters cross what structure before they descend into the pelvis?
External iliac vessels
What is the name of the smooth muscle of the urinary bladder?
Detrusor urinae
Approximately how long is the female urethra?
3.5 - 4 cm
In the true pelvis the rectum is constricted by what muscle?
The puborectal sling which is the puborectalis m.
What is the structure of the spermatic cord?
Fascial sheath derived from anterior abdominal wall
What does the spermatic cord surround?
Ductus deferens (vas deferens), testicular vessels, and nn.
What are the three reproductive glands?
seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral (cowpers) gland
What do the seminal vesicles do?
Joins vas deferens, forms ejaculatory ducts, and empties into prostatic urethra
What is the size and location of the prostate gland?
Walnut sized, and is located between the bladder and UG diaphragm
What is the relative size and location of the bulbourethral gland?
Two pea sized glands located within the UG diaphragm
What do the bulbourethral glands empty into?
Penile urethra
What is the rectouterine pouch?
A peritoneal pouch made from the rectum and the uterus
What is the vessicouterine pouch?
A peritoneal pouch made from the the uterus and the urinary bladder
What is the vaginal fornix?
Circular gutter surrounding cervix
What are the 4 uterine ligaments?
Suspensory, broad, ovarian, and round
What is the suspensory ligament of the uterus?
Peritoneum covering the ovarian vessels and nn.
What is the broad ligament of the uterus?
Peritoneum covering the uterus and adnexa
What is the ovarian ligament of the uterus?
Anchors ovary to the uterus
What is the round ligament of the uterus?
Continuation of the ovarian ligament, and passes through the inguinal canal to fuse with labia majora
What is the adnexa?
ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterine ligaments
What is the mesovarium?
Posterior extension of the broad ligament
