The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

Question 1

Periodic Law

Answer 1

states that when the elements are arranged by increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their properties.

Question 2

group

Answer 2

a vertical column of elements in the periodic table arranged in order of increasing atomic number; also called a family

Question 3

period

Answer 3

a horizontal row of elements in the modern periodic table

Question 4

representative element

Answer 4

elements from groups 1, 2, and 13-18 in the modern periodic table, possessing a wide range of chemical and physical properties

Question 5

transition element

Answer 5

elements in groups 3-12 of the modern periodic table and are futher divided into transition metals and inner transition metals.

Question 6

metal

Answer 6

an element that is solid at room temperature, a good conductor of heat and electricity, and generally is shiny; most metals are ductile and malleable

Question 7

alkali metal

Answer 7

group 1 elements, except for hydrogen, they are reactive and usually exist as compounds with other elements.

Question 8

alkaline earth metals

Answer 8

group 2 elements in the modern periodic table and are highly reactive `

Question 9

transition metals

Answer 9

an element inngroups 3-12 that is contained in the d-block of the periodic table

Question 10

inner transition metal

Answer 10

a type of group B element that is contained in the f-block of the periodic table

Question 11

lanthanide series

Answer 11

in the periodic table, the f-block elements from period 6 that follow the element lanthanum

Question 12

actinide series

Answer 12

in the periodic table, the f-block elements from period 7 that follow the element actinium.

Question 13

halogen

Answer 13

a highly reactive group 17 element

Question 14

noble gas

Answer 14

an extremely unreactive group 18 element

Question 15

metalloid

Answer 15

an element that has physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals

Question 16

valence electron

Answer 16

the electrons in an atom’s outermost orbitals; determine the chemical properties of an element

Question 17

ion

Answer 17

an atom or bonded group of atoms with a positive or negative charge.

Question 18

ionization energy

Answer 18

the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom; generally increases in moving from left-to-right across a period and decreases in moving down a group

Question 19

octet rule

Answer 19

states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire the stable electron configuration of a noble gas.

Question 20

electronegativity

Answer 20

indicates the relative ability of an element’s atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond.