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Manu > Introduction to Chemistry > Flashcards

Introduction to Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Earth’s [blank] is made up of several layers.

A

atmosphere

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2
Q

The air we breathe makes up the lowest level. This layer is called [blank].

A

troposphere

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3
Q

The next layer up is called the [blank]

A

stratosphere

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4
Q

The stratosphere contains a protective [blank] layer

A

ozone

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5
Q

Ozone forms when [blank] is struck by ultraviolet radiation in the upper part of the stratosphere.

A

oxygen gas

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6
Q

The ozone forms a layer around the Earth, which absorbs [blank].

A

ultraviolet radiation

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7
Q

Without ozone, you are more likely to get a sunburn or possibly skin cancer. The thinning of the ozone layer, called the [blank], is worrisome because without ozone all organisms on Earth are subject to harm from too much radiation.

A

ozone hole

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8
Q

[True or False] CFC is another name for a chlorofluorocarbon.

A

true

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9
Q

[True or False] CFCs are made up of carbon, fluorine, and cesium.

A

false

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10
Q

[True or False] All CFCs are synthetic chemicals.

A

true

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11
Q

[True or False] CFCs usually react readily with other chemicals.

A

false

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12
Q

[True or False] CFCs were developed as replacements for toxic refrigerants.

A

true

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13
Q

Define “chemistry”

A

The science that deals with the properties and composition of substances.

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14
Q

Define “matter”

A

anything that occupies space and has mass.

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15
Q

Define “mass”

A

The measure of the amount of matter in an object.

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16
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Human body

A

Made of Matter

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17
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Air

A

Made of Matter

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18
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Radio wave

A

Made of Matter

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19
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Car

A

Made of Matter

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20
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Textbook

A

Made of Matter

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21
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Flashlight

A

Made of Matter

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22
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Feelings

A

Not made of Matter

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23
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Light

A

Not made of Matter

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24
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Heat

A

Not Made of Matter

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25
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Magnetic Field

A

Not Made of Matter

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26
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Thought

A

Not Made of Matter

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27
Q

[Made of Matter or Not Made of Matter] Radio Wave

A

Not Made of Matter

28
Q

[True or False] The mass of an object can vary with the object’s location.

A

False

29
Q

[True or False] A mass measurement includes the effect of Earth’s gravitational pull on the object being measured.

A

False

30
Q

[True or False] Scientists measure the amount of matter in terms of mass.

A

True

31
Q

[True or False] Subtle differences in weight exist at different locations on Earth.

A

True

32
Q

[True or False] Your mass on the Moon would be smaller than your mass on Earth.

A

False

33
Q

The study of the matter and processes of living things.

A

biochemistry

34
Q

The study of carbon-containing chemicals.

A

organic chemistry

35
Q

The study of the components and composition of substances.

A

analytical chemistry

36
Q

The study of matter that does not contain organic chemichals.

A

inorganic chemistry

37
Q

The study of the behavior and changes of matter and the related energy charges.

A

physical chemistry

38
Q

Compare the microscopic world with the submicroscopic world.

A

macroscopic: anything that we can see with the naked eye
submicroscopic: anything at the atomic level, can be seen with a microscope.

39
Q

Why are chemists interested in the submicroscopic description of matter?

A

Chemists are interested because they are able to see further than the naked eye when seeing the submicroscopic description of matter through a microscope

40
Q

Refers to physical characteristics such as color, odor or shape.

A

qualitative data

41
Q

Refers to mass, volume, and temperature measurements.

A

quantitative data

42
Q

A variable controller by the experimenter.

A

independent variable

43
Q

The act of gathering information.

A

observation

44
Q

Changes in value based on the value of the controlled variable.

A

dependent variable

45
Q

List the steps of Scientific Method.

A
  1. Hypothesis
  2. Experiment
  3. Conclusions
  4. Theory
  5. Scientific law
46
Q

A constant is a factor that

A

is not allowed to change during an experiment

47
Q

A control is a

A

standard for comparison

48
Q

A hypothesis is a(n)

A

tentative explanation of observations.

49
Q

A theory is a(n)

A

explanation supported by many experiments

50
Q

A model is a(n)

A

visual, verbal, and/or mathematical explanation of how things occur

51
Q

Molina and Rowland used a [blank] to learn about CFCs in the atmosphere

A

scientific method

52
Q

Their hypothesis was that CFCs break down in the stratosphere due to interactions with [blank].

A

ultraviolet light

53
Q

Molina and Rowland thought that these interactions produced a chemical that could break down [blank].

A

ozone

54
Q

To test their [blank], Molina and Rowland examined interactions that occur in the stratosphere.

A

hypothesis

55
Q

Based on their data, Molina and Rowland developed a [blank] that explained how CFCs destroyed ozone.

A

model

56
Q

Molina and Rowland concluded that [blank] formed by the breakdown of CFCs in the stratosphere reacts with ozone and destroys it.

A

chlorine

57
Q

[Applied Research or Pure Research] Is undertaken to solve a specific problem.

A

Applied research

58
Q

[Applied Research or Pure Research] Seeks to gain knowledge for the sake of knowledge itself.

A

Pure research

59
Q

[Applied Research or Pure Research] Is used to find CFC replacements.

A

Applied research

60
Q

[Applied Research or Pure Research] Was conducted by Molina and Rowland.

A

Pure research

61
Q

When should you read the label on a chemical container?

A

Before opening and using the containers contents.

62
Q

What do scientist usually do when a scientific problem first arises?

A

They establish a hypothesis based on their observations.

63
Q

What kinds of clothing should not be worn in the lab?

A

Loose clothing, open toed shoes, and dangling jewelry.

64
Q

What is technology?

A

Machinery developed using scientific knowledge.

65
Q

Which type of research would you be more interested in working in - pure research or applied research? Why?

A

Applied research

Manu (18 decks)

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