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GCSE History > The Origins Of The Cold War 1941-58 > Flashcards

The Origins Of The Cold War 1941-58 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Grand Alliance?

A

The alliance between The USSR, USA and Britain

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2
Q

Why was there a ‘Grand Alliance’?

A

To fight against Hitler and Nazi Germany in WW2

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3
Q

What was the biggest ideological difference Between the East and West?

A

The West were capitalist
The East were communist

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4
Q

What does capitalism mean?

A

The belief that everyone should be free to own property and make money

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5
Q

What does communism mean?

A

The belief that all property and business belongs to the state

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6
Q

What is a satellite state?

A

A nation that was once independent but is now under control of another

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7
Q

Why did the Grand Alliance start to fall apart?

A

Roosevelt was the glue to the alliance but sadly died.
Truman replaced him but he didnt like Stalin

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8
Q

What made the relations between the USA and USSR worse in the early stages of th cold war?

A

Ideological differences
USA had atomic bombs

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9
Q

What were the countries called that were controlled under soviet rule after the soviet expansion?

A

The satellites states?

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10
Q

Why was the USA disagree with the soviet expansion between 1947 and 1949?

A

They feared they would spread communist influence which could grant them more power

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11
Q

What was The USSR’s excuse for the soviet expansion?

A

They needed a buffer zone in Eastern Europe to protect them from the West

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12
Q

What was The Truman Doctrine 1947?

A

An american policy made by US President, Truman, that attempted to contain communism in Western Europe

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13
Q

Why was communsim attractive to Europe after World War 2?

A

Many had no money, no jobs and felt hopeless so being equal was appealling

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14
Q

What was The Marshall Plan in 1947?

A

An additional plan after Truman to contain communism by providing economic aid to Western Europe

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15
Q

Why was cominform set up in 1947?

A

To organise every satelite state in Europe with communist leaders

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16
Q

What was the main reason stalin felt the need to set up comecon in 1949?

A

A response to the set up of NATO

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17
Q

What was the result of cominform and comecom, and, NATO and The Marshall Plan

A

It further divided Western Europe and Eastern Europe

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18
Q

When was NATO established?

A

1949

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19
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

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20
Q

What was NATO 1949?

A

A millitary defensive alliance for collective security

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21
Q

What did all the countries of NATO agree on?

A

If one country was under attack, all the other countries must assist it and stop supply to the attacker

22
Q

What extent was Harry Truman going to go to contain the spread of communism?

A

He was going to provide economic aid and military personnel

23
Q

Why did Truman fear that communim would likely spread?

A

After the WW2 many found communism attractice

24
Q

Why could britain no longer aid other countires with military support?

A

They were nearly bankruot after the WW2

25
Q

When did the Truman Doctrine become ‘offical’?

A

He delivered a speech to the US congress that military personnel and $400 million in aid will be sent to Greece and Turkey

26
Q

What words did Truman use to describe choosing democracy over communism?

A

Choosing good over evil

27
Q

Why did Truman aid Greece and Turkey with military personnel and $400 million?

A

They were under communist attack but were too poor to fight back

28
Q

What policy did the USA abandon after the Truman Doctrine?

A

Policy of Isolationism

29
Q

Why was the abandonment of Isolationism so important in The Truman Doctrine?

A

It would start to play an active role in the World and get involved

30
Q

What did the Truman Doctrine Driectly lead to?

A

The creation of The Marshall Plan

31
Q

What did the Truman Doctrine do to the USA’s and USSR’s relationship?

A

Deteriorated it further

32
Q

Did the satelite states in Eastern Europe benefit from the Marshall Plan?

A

No, Stalin would not let them

33
Q

The ecomomic impact of Marshall Aid in western europe was ENORMOUS.

True or False

A

True

34
Q

What impact did The Truman Doctrine and The Marshall Plan have on USA and Western Europe Relations?

A

Significantly improved relations

35
Q

Why did The Truman Doctrine and The Marshall Plan have an impact on USA and USSR Relations?

A

Stalin saw this as a direct attack on communist ideologies

36
Q

In 1956, Why did the people of Hungary begin to prtoest?

A

Hungary was suffering because of Soviet rule

37
Q

Why did Hungary suffer because of soviet rule?

A

Hungary was under harsh control
Politics created fuel shortages and poor harvests

38
Q

After Stalin died in 1953, who became the new Soviet Union Leader?

A

Nikita Krushchev

39
Q

Why did Kruschev replace Rakosi with Imre Nagy to become prime minister of hungary?

A

Rakosi thought their should still be personal freedoms in a communist society

40
Q

What did Imre Nagy announce within days of being prime minister of Hungary?

A

A set of proposed reforms

41
Q

Within a few days of being Hungarian Prime Minister, Imre Nagy announced a set of proposed reforms.

What did this include?

A

Reorganising Hungarian government with non-communist parties
Releasesing political prisoners
Persuading Krushchev to withdraw troops from Hungary

42
Q

What was the major announcement Imre Nagy made just over a week of being Prime Minister of Hungary?

A

Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact

43
Q

What did Krushchev fear would happen if Hungary left the Warsaw Pact?

A

Other Eastern European countries might follow

44
Q

What was the result of Imre Nagy’s announcement that Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact?

A

Krushchev ordered a Soviet Invasion of Hungary

45
Q

What was the result of the Soviet Invasion of Hungary?

A

1000 tanks rolled into Budapest
Hungary put up a fight but 20,000 were killed

46
Q

What happened to Imre Nagy after the Soviet Invasion of Hungary?

A

He was kidnapped and later executed

47
Q

What did Krushchev say to decribe Imre Nagy’s death?

A

“This was a lesson to the leaders of all Socialist Countires”

48
Q

How did the US policy of Containment effect Hungary?

A

It could not interfere with affairs of an existing communist country because it would result in nuclear war

49
Q

What are great words to describe how relations worsen between superpowers?

A

Deteriorated
Soured
Regressed

50
Q

What were 2 things that were discussed at the Tehran Conference 1943?

A
51
Q

What were 2 things that were discussed at the Yalta Conference Feb 1945?

A

Once germany was defeated, it would reduce in size and pay reparations
The United Nations would ne set up

52
Q

What were 2 things that were discussed at the Potsdam Conference July 1945?

A

The Nazi Party was banned and war criminals were punished
Germany reduced in size and divided into four zones

GCSE History (15 decks)

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