Challenges To Elizabeth At Home and Abroad 1569-88 Flashcards
What was The Northern Earls’ Rebellion plot of 1569?
Where 6000 Catholic Earls of Northumberland and Westermoreland planned to get Mary Queen of Scots out of prison and on to the throne
What was the aim of The Northern Earls’ Rebellion plot?
To make england Catholic again
What was Elizabeth’s reaction to The Northern Earls’ Rebellion plot or 1569?
She heard of it and sent a huge army to stop it. 800 rebels were killed and the Earls fled to Scotland
What was the Ridolfi Plot of 1571?
When an italian baker, Roberto Ridolfi, planned to assassinate Elizabeth and make Mary Queen
Who supported Roberto Ridolfi in the Ridolfi plot in 1571?
King Phillip ll of Spain
Duke of Norfolk
Mary, Queen of Scots
What was Elizabeths reaction to The Ridolfi Plot of 1571?
Elizabeths advisor (william cecil) found out and told Elizabeth.
Ridolfi and the spanish embassador were arrested
The duke of norfolk was executed
What was the Throckmorton Plot of 1583?
A catholic man, Francis Throkmorton, oganised a french army to invade England and replace Elizabeth with Mary
Whats was Elizabeth’s reaction to the Throkmorton Plot of 1583?
Throkmorton was executed and mary was moved to a high security prision that allowed no visitors
What was the Babington plot of 1586?
A catholic conspiracy where Sir Athony Babington planned to rescue Mary from jail and murder Elizabeth. They sent secret letters between them and other plotters
What was Elizabeth’s Reaction to the Babington plot of 1583?
She finally decided to execute Mary, Queen if Scots, babington, and six other plotters
Name the 4 Catholic plots against Elizabeth 1 in order
The Northern Earls Rebellion Plot 1569
The Ridolfi Plot 1571
The Throkmorton plot 1583
The Babington plot 1586
What were Puritans?
Strict Protstants who wanted to get rid of Catholic influence
What were Recusants?
People who refused to attend Protestant Church services
What year did Mary Queen of Scots become Queen and what age was she?
1542 at just six days old
Why did Mary pose a threat to Elizabeths throne?
She was legitimate so had the right to be queen
Many Catholics favoured Mary over Elizabeth
Why did Elizabeth not execute Mary, Queen of Scots, sooner?
She was a figurehead for catholics
Killing her will cause outrages and attacks
What is ‘treason’?
The crime of betraying ones country or government
What was the official crime Mary Queen of Scots was executed for?
Guilty of treason
What year did Mary Queen of Scots die due to execution?
1587
What were some issues that led to war against England and Spain?
Different Religions
Elizabeth rejected King Phillips of Spain’ proposal
Piracy
When was the Spanish Armada?
1588
What were the two main reasons that triggered the spanish Armada?
Religious differences
Engoish interference in Spanish affairs in the New World
What does ‘New World’ refer to in the 16th century?
North and South America
Who were Hawkins and Drake?
English sailors who stole and attacked spanish ships in the new world
What did Elizabeth think of Hawkins and Drake?
She encouraged and rewarded them bu King Phillip was furious
Why did england defeat the Spanish Armada?
English ship design
Spanish supplies
The weather
How did the english ship design help England to defeat the Spanish Armada?
Hawkins advised Elizabeth a year before to make the ships fast and easily manoeverable. These were known as galleons
How did Spanish Supplies help England to defeat the Spanish Armada?
Food supplies were already rotting
Supplies lacked quality
They didnt have enough weapons like cannon balls
How did the weather help England to defeat the Spanish Armada?
Very windy and rainy conditions that the spanish did not prepare for
Many beleived God sent this weather and therefore was on Elizabeth’s side
How did the english naval tactis help England to defeat the Spanish Armada?
They managed to capture 2 spanish ships and steal tactics
They had six times the amount of cannon balls as spain
In the english channel
What was the French reaction to the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots?
Because Francis ll, King of France was married to her, Mary was supported
What were 3 main summarised factors that cause the Spanish Armada 1988?
Religious, political and personal factors
Why did Philip feel the need to send an armada because of religion?
He felt it was his duty to restore catholicism in England and saw Elizabeth as a threat to the Catholc Church.
Who did Elizabeth Support that angered Phillip?
The dutch rebels that were fighting for independence against Spain
Why was the Spanish Armada partly due to personal factors?
Elizabeth rejected Philips marriage proposal
What was the treaty of nonsuch 1585?
Elizabeth promised to send money, troops and weapons to dutch rebels if they let her control some towns for security
What did the treaty of Nonsuch 1585 convince Philip to think?
That the only way to restore his control in europe and Catholicsm is by invading England
Why was Elizabeth reluctant to kill Mary after the Babington Plot?
She was still her cousin
Cpuld cause outrage from Catholics and catholic countries
